New Beginnings: Cities and States Class 7 Worksheet with Answers Social Science Chapter 4

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Class 7 SST Chapter 4 New Beginnings: Cities and States Worksheet

Class 7 New Beginnings: Cities and States Worksheet

Worksheet On New Beginnings: Cities and States Class 7 – New Beginnings: Cities and States Worksheet Class 7

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Question 1.
The period referred to as India’s ‘First Urbanisation’.
(a) 1st millennium BCE
(b) 2nd millennium BCE
(c) 3rd millennium BCE
(d) 4th millennium BCE
Answer:
(b) 2nd millennium BCE

Question 2.
What marks India’s ‘Second Urbanisation’?
(a) Expansion of Harappan cities
(b) Rise of the Vedic religion
(c) Urban growth in the Ganga plains
(d) Decline of Southern kingdoms
Answer:
(c) Urban growth in the Ganga plains

Question 3.
Name the text that first refers to Sabha and Samiti?
(a) Buddhist scriptures
(b) Jain literature
(c) Vedas
(d) Mahabharata
Answer:
(c) Vedas

Question 4.
What are Janapadas?
(a) Temples built in ancient times
(b) Territories associated with clans
(c) Religious groups
(d) Trade centers
Answer:
(b) Territories associated with clans

Question 5.
The term ‘Mahajanapadas’ refers to
(a) Large trade ports
(b) Military zones
(c) Bigger political units formed by merging janapadas
(d) Temples
Answer:
(c) Bigger political units formed by merging janapadas

Question 6.
Which of the following Mahajanapadas had democratic systems?
(a) Magadha and Kosala
(b) Vajji and Malla
(c) Gandhara and Avanti
(d) Kalinga and Anga
Answer:
(b) Vajji and Malla

Question 7.
State the key feature of early republican Mahajanapadas.
(a) Hereditary rule
(b) Elections through voting
(c) Control by priestly class
(d) Governance by foreigners
Answer:
(b) Elections through voting

Question 8.
Mahajanapadas were fortified using
(a) Electric fences
(b) Wooden stakes
(c) Moats
(d) Stone barricades
Answer:
(c) Moats

Question 9.
The city, which followed a strict square ground plan in Kalinga
(a) Varanasi
(b) Sisupalgarh
(c) Taxila
(d) Mathura
Answer:
(b) Sisupalgarh

Question 10.
Name the metal that played a crucial role during the Second Urbanisation.
(a) Bronze
(b) Copper
(c) Gold
(d) Iron
Answer:

Question 11.
The system that organised Indian society into occupational groups.
(a) Sangha system
(b) Trade guilds
(c) Vama-Jati system
(d) Ashrama system
Answer:
(d) Ashrama system

Question 12.
Which of the following was the occupation of Vaishyas?
(a) Warfare
(b) Ritual performance
(c) Agriculture and trade
(d) Weaving and pottery
Answer:
(c) Agriculture and trade

Question 13.
Which kingdoms rose in the South around 400 BCE?
(a) Magadha, Kosala, Avanti
(b) Cholas, Cheras, Pandyas
(c) Vajji, Malla, Kalinga
(d) Gandhara, Anga, Ashmaka
Answer:
(b) Cholas, Cheras, Pandyas

Question 14.
What contributed to inequalities in the Vama-Jati system over time?
(a) Foreign invasions
(b) Urbanisation
(c) System becoming rigid
(d) Spread of Buddhism
Answer:
(c) System becoming rigid

Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the blanks using the words provided in the box below.

1. The _____________ Urbanisation is associated with the Harappan civilisation.
Answer:
First

2. The Varna-Jati system classified people based on _____________
Answer:
Occupation

3. The Mahajanapada of Magadha was located in present-day _____________
Answer:
Bihar

4. The English word ‘Caste’ comes from the _____________ word ‘casta’.
Answer:
Portuguese

5. While some scholars think ‘caste’ refers to _____________, most associate it with _____________
Answer:
Varna, Jati

6. The _____________ Mahajanapadas were the first organised states of 1st millennium BCE.
Answer:
16

7. The _____________ was responsible for collecting taxes in monarchies.
Answer:
King

True or False

Write ‘T’ for True or ‘F’ for False statements.

1. Punch-marked coins were the first form of currency in ancient India.
Answer:
True

2. In early republics like Vajji, kings were elected through votes.
Answer:
True

3. The Varna-Jati system allowed equal access to all occupations.
Answer:
False

4. The earliest Indian coins were made of gold.
Answer:
False

5. The Daksinapatha started from Kaushambi and crossed the Vindhya Range.
Answer:
True

6. Communication routes played a key role in expanding trade networks.
Answer:
True

7. The cities in Southern India began to emerge around 400 BCE.
Answer:
True

Match the Columns

Question 1.
Match the Mahajanapadas in Column A with their Modern Region in Column B.

Answer:

Question 2.
Match the Terms in Column A with their Roles in Column B.

Answer:

Assertion – Reason

Given below are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and answer the questions according to the codes given below.
Codes
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true

Question 1.
Assertion (A): By the 8th and 7th century BCE, early states merged, leading to the emergence of the Mahajanapadas.
Reason (R): The expansion of trade networks connected and strengthened the janapadas.
Answer:
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

Question 2.
Assertion (A): Vajji and Malla were monarchies with hereditary kings.
Reason (R): Their rulers were selected by assemblies through discussion and vote.
Answer:
(d) A is false, but R is true

Question 3.
Assertion (A): Urbanisation requires technological advancements.
Reason (R): Iron metallurgy and coinage supported the Second Urbanisation.
Answer:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Question 4.
Assertion (A): Indian art saw major developments during the age of empires.
Reason (R): This period followed the innovations of the Janapada and Mahajanapada age.
Answer:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Define the term ‘Second Urbanisation’ in Indian history and mention its key features.
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Question 2.
Name two literary sources that mention early Indian cities.
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Question 3.
What does the term ‘Janapada’ mean?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Question 4.
Name the Mahajanapadas that were republics.
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Question 5.
Why were the earliest Indian coins called punch-marked coins?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Question 6.
Name any two powerful Mahajanapadas.
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Question 7.
Explain the reason behind the occupational shift in ancient societies.
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Question 8.
Name one Southern city that emerged around 400 BCE.
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Question 9.
Which materials were traded from South India?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are Mahajanapadas, and why are they important?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Question 2.
Mention the significance of iron in early Indian history.
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Question 3.
How were the republican Mahajanapadas governed?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Question 4.
Many of the Mahajanapadas were concentrated in the Ganga plains. Explain why?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Question 5.
How did the Second Urbanisation differ from the first?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Question 6.
Explain the role of coins in promoting trade during ancient India.
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Question 7.
How has the Vama-Jati system influenced Indian society over time?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What features made the capitals of the mahajanapadas secure and what is notable about these cities today?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Question 2.
Explain the role of the Jati system in organising Indian society and how did it shape social life.
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Question 3.
How did the Varna system contribute to the stability of ancient Indian society and was professional mobility possible within it?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Source-Based Question

Read the source given below and answer the following questions.
Towards the end of the 2nd millennium BCE. Regional cultures gradually reorganised themselves in North India. As people formed clans or groups, probably sharing a common language and common customs, each clan came to be associated with a territory or Janapada led by a Raja or ruler.

(i) How did Janapadas originate?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

(ii) How did Janapadas evolve into larger political units over time?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

(iii) Were all Janapadas merged into Mahajanapadas?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

Picture-Based Question

Observe the picture given below and answer the following questions.

(i) Which ancient city is shown in the above image? It was the capital of which region?
__________________________________________________

(ii) Mention the planning features adopted by this city.
__________________________________________________

(iii) What evidence of infrastructure can be seen, and what does it imply about the city’s development?
__________________________________________________

Activity

Number the following events from 1 to 6 to show the correct chronological order in which they happened.
1. Emergence of mahajanapadas in North India _____________
2. Use of iron tools becomes widespread _____________
3. Disintegration of the Harappan (Indus Valley) Civilisation _____________
4. Formation of janapadas _____________
5. Start of trade and use of punch-marked silver coins _____________
6. Rise of Second Urbanisation in the Ganga plains _____________
Answer:
5. Start of trade and use of punch-marked silver coins.
2. Use of iron tools becomes widespread.
1. Emergence of mahajanapadas in North India
3. Disintegration of the Harappan (Indus Valley) Civilisation
4. Formation of janapadas
6. Rise of Second Urbanisation in the Ganga plains

Map Work

On a political map of ancient India, locate and label any five Mahajanapadas such as Magadha, Koshala, Avanti, Gandhara, and Anga. Shade them in different colours.

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