CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10 Social Science SA2 Outside Delhi-2012

CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10 Social Science SA2 Outside Delhi-2012

Time allowed: 3 hours                                                                                             Maximum marks: 90

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:

• The Question Paper has 30 questions in all. All questions are
• Marks are indicated against each question.
• Questions from serial number 1 to 8 are Very Short Answer questions. Each question carries one mark.

• Questions from serial number 9 to 20 are 3 mark Answers of these questions should not exceed 80 words each.
• Questions from serial number 21 to 28 are 5 marks Answers of these questions should not exceed 100 words each.
• Question number 29 and 30 are map questions of 3 mark each from History and Geography both. After completion, attach the map inside your answer book.

SET I

Question.1. Why was the Khilafat movement started?
Answer. Khilafat movement was started by Mahatma Gandhi and the Ali Brothers, Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali in response to the harsh treatment given to the Caliph of Ottoman empire and the dismemberment of the Ottoman empire by the British.

Question.2. On what basis is the industrial sector classified into public and private sectors?
Answer. The industrial sector is classified into public and private sectors on the basis of ownership of enterprises.

Question.3. Which special feature distinguishes a movement from an interest group?
Answer. Movements are usually issue specific to achieve a single objective within a limited time frame.

Question.4. What is the source of inspiration of the ‘Bhartiya Janata Party’?
Answer. The source of inspiration of the Bhartiya Janata Party or the BJP is ancient Indian culture and values.

Question.5. What gave rise to the struggle in Bolivia in 2000?
Answer. In the year 2000, there was a popular struggle in Bolivia against privatization and subsequent increase in the price of water.

Question.6. What comprises ‘terms of credit’?
Answer. Interest rate, collateral and documentation requirement and mode of repayment together comprise terms of credit.

Question.7. What was the main cause of the rise of the consumer movement?
Answer. The consumer movement grew out of consumers’ dissatisfaction due to unfair trade practices of sellers.

Question.8. Give one characteristic feature of a ‘Special Economic Zone’?
Answer. Special Economic Zones or SEZs are industrial zones set up by the government having word class facilities such as electricity, water, roads, transport, storage, recreational and educational facilities. Companies who set up production units in SEZs are exempted from taxes for an initial period of five years.

Question.9. Explain the circumstances under which Gandhiji decided to call off the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1931.
Answer. Gandhiji decided to call off the Civil Disobedience movement in 1931 because:

1. Political leaders like Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan were arrested. More than one lakh people were arrested.
2. Government responded with brutal repression and peaceful satyagrahis were arrested. Women and children were beaten up.
3.  It resulted in an uprising in Peshawar in 1930.
4.  Industrial workers in Sholapur attacked police post. In Chittagong, the revolutionaries captured the armoury and a pitched battle was fought between the government troops and the revolutionaries. (any three)
   In such a situation, Gandhiji called off the movement and the Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed.

Question.10. Explain the reaction of Indian people against the Rowlatt Act passed through the Imperial Legislative Council in 1919.
Answer. Reaction of Indian people against the Rowlatt Act of 1919:

1.  Rallies were organized against this Act.
2.  Railways, workshops and shops closed down.
3.  The procession in Amritsar provoked widespread attacks on buses, post offices, railway stations, telegraphic lines, etc.
4.  On 6th April Gandhiji held Hartal against this unjust law (Rowlatt Act).
5. The peaceful demonstration in Jallianwala Bagh led to a violent movement all across the country.

Question.11. Describe the process of ‘Unification of Italy’.
Answer. The process of ‘Unification of Italy’:

1.  Political fragmentation. Like Germany, Italy was also politically fragmented. During the middle of the 10th century, Italy was divided into seven states, of which only one, Sardinia-Piedmont was ruled by an Italian Prince.
2.  Role of Mazzini. Giuseppe Mazzini put his efforts to unite Italian Republic. He had . formed a secret society called ‘Young Italy’ for achieving his goal.
3.  Role of Count Cavour. He was the chief minister, who led the movement to unify Italy. He formed a tactful diplomatic alliance with France and defeated the Austrian forces.
4.  Role of Giuseppe Garibaldi. Garibaldi also formed armed volunteers. In 1860, they marched into South Italy and Kingdom of Two Sicilies and succeeded in driving out the Spanish rulers.
   In 1861, Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed King of United Italy.

Or
Describe any three steps taken by the French to develop agriculture in Vietnam.
Answer. Three steps taken by the French to develop agriculture in Vietnam:

1.  Building canals and draining lands to increase cultivation in Mekong delta.
2.  Increased rice production and export.
3. Vast system of irrigation works, canals and earth works.
4. Infrastructure projects started in order to transport goods. (any three)

Question.12. Why is iron and steel industry called the basic industry? Explain any three reasons.
Answer. Iron and steel industry is called the basic industry due to the following reasons:

1. Since all the other industries—heavy, medium and light, depend on it for their machinery.
2.  Steel is needed to manufacture a variety of engineering goods.
3.  Steel is needed for construction material, defence and medical equipments.
4. Steel is needed for telephonic, scientific equipment and a variety of consumer goods.
5. Production and consumption of steel is often regarded as the index of a country’s
   development. (any three)

Question.13. Why is conservation of mineral resources essential? Explain any two methods of conserving mineral resources.
Answer. Conservation of minerals is essential because of the following reasons:

1. The formation of minerals takes a long geological period of millions of years.
2.  They are finite, i.e., limited in nature.
3.  Many of them are non-renewable and exhaustible.
4. The rate of replenishment of minerals is infinitely small in comparison to rate of consumption.
5.  They have to be preserved for our future generations because they are very important for industrial development of the nation.

Methods of mineral conservation:

1.  We should use minerals in a planned and sustainable manner.
2.  Improved technologies need to be evolved to allow use of low grade ores at low cost.
3. Recycling of metals.
4.  Using scrap metals and other substitutes.
5.  Wastages in mining, processing and distribution should be minimized.
6.  Controlled export of minerals. (any two)

Question.14. Mention any four merits and any two demerits of air transport.
Answer. Merits of air transport.

1. It is the fastest but costliest mode of transport.
2.  It is the most comfortable and prestigious mode of transport.
3.  It can cover very difficult and dreary terrains, like mountains, forests, deserts and long oceanic stretches with great ease.
4. During natural calamities, relief measures and relief operation can be carried out quickly. Demerits of air transport.
5. Air travel is very expensive and not within the reach of the common people. Air travel is very luxurious.
6.  It is adversely affected by bad weather conditions.

Question.15. What are the differences between democracy and dictatorship in the decision making process?
Answer.

Question.16. (a) What do you understand by the ‘Challenge of Expansion’?
(b) How are some countries in the world facing foundational challenge of democracy? Explain with examples.
Answer. (a) Challenge of expansion. It involves applying the basic principle of democratic government across all the regions, different social groups and various institutions. It pertains to ensuring greater power to local governments, extension of federal principle to all the units of the federation, inclusion of women and minority groups, etc. Most established democracies, e.g., India and US, face the challenge of expansion. (b) Foundational challenge of democracy is faced by some countries of the world in the following manner:

1.  Making the transition to democracy and then instituting democratic government.
2.  This involves bringing down the existing non-democratic. regime, keeping military away from controlling government and establishing a sovereign and functional- state.
3.  Examples: Nepal, Egypt, Pakistan
4. In countries like Pakistan, democracy comes for and/or remains for a short time and gets replaced by dictatorial rule.

Question.17. How do pressure groups and movements exert pressure on politics? Explain with an example.
Answer. Interest groups and movements do not directly engage in party politics but they seek to exert influence on political parties. They have a political position on major issues and take a political stand without being a party.
Pressure groups and movements exert influence on politics in the following ways:

1.  They try to gain public support and sympathy for their goals through campaigns, organizing meetings, filing petitions and influencing the media for attention.
2. They organize protest activities like strikes, in order to force the government to take note of their demand.
3. Business groups employ professionals/lobbyists or sponsor expensive
   advertisements. Some members from pressure groups participate in official bodies that offer advice to the government.

Question.18. How has foreign trade been integrating markets of different countries in the world?
Explain with examples.
Answer.

1.  Foreign trade creates opportunities for producers to reach beyond domestic markets.
   Producers can compete in markets located in other countries of the world. Similarly for the buyers, import of goods from another country leads to expanding choice of goods beyond what is domestically produced. Buyers can thus choose from a wide range of products to suit their individual tastes.
2.  With the opening of trade, goods travel from one market to another. Choice of goods in the market rises. Prices of similar goods in two markets tend to become equal, and producers in the two countries now closely compete against each other even though they are separated by thousands of miles.
   Foreign trade, thus, results in connecting the markets or integration of markets in different countries.
   For example., There are endless number of footwear brands available in the Indian market. A consumer who is aware of international trends can choose between a local brand like Bata, Lakhani and international brands like Adidas, Nike, Reebok etc.

Question.19. ‘Governments initiate schemes and programmes to alleviate the suffering of the poor and meet their basic needs.
(1) Identify the fundamental right which is related to the Statement.
(2) But poverty remains in the country. What could be the reason for such a situation?
Answer.

1. Right to Equality
2.  The situation of poverty remains unchanged despite government’s initiatives because every citizen does not participate directly in competitive politics and the. problems and needs of the public, especially the poor are not duly represented. People may not have the desire, the need or the skill to take part in direct political activity other than voting. Sometimes people act together without forming any organization, which indirectly helps people to reach the government to listen to their demand or point of view.

Question.20. How do ‘Consumer Protection Councils’ help consumers? Explain three ways.
Answer. The consumer movement led to the formation of various organizations locally known as ‘Consumer forums’.. These are voluntary organizations.

1.  They guide consumers on how to file cases in the consumer courts.
2. They represent consumers in the consumer courts.
3.  These voluntary organizations receive financial support from the government for creating awareness among the consumers.

Question.21. Describe any four measures which were introduced by the French Revolutionaries to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French people.
Answer. The first clear-cut expression of nationalism came with the French Revolution in 1789. In 1789, France was under the rule of an absolute monarch.
When the revolutionaries came to power in France, they were determined to create a new sense of unity and nationhood. For this, they emphasized the concept of France being the father land (La Patrie) for all French people, who were from now on addressed as citizens (citoyen). They were given the tri-colour flag, the three colours representing liberty*; equality and fraternity.
French revolutionaries introduced various other measures such as:

1. The Estate General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed the National Assembly.
2.  New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated all in the name of the nation.
3.  A centralized administrative system was put in place and it formulated uniform laws for all citizens within its territory.
4.  Internal customs, duties and dues were abolished and a uniform system of weights and measures was adopted.
5.  Regional dialects were discouraged and French, as it was spoken and written in Paris, became the common language of the nation. .
6. They further declared that it was the mission and the destiny of the French nation to liberate the people of Europe from despotism and help them to become nations.

Or
Which were the two major problems before the French in the field of colonial education in Vietnam? How did they try to solve these problems? Explain.
Answer. The two major problems before the French in the field of colonial education in Vietnam were as follows:

1.  The French were in a dilemma whether or not to introduce French education in Vietnam, because they feared that Vietnamese may begin to question colonial domination.
2. The French wanted to dismantle the Chinese (Traditional) education system in Vietnam.
3. Consequently, they had to remove Chinese as a language of instruction, but they were in a fix whether to introduce only French or Vietnamese in the lower classes and French in the higher classes.

They tried to solve the problems in the following ways:

1. They started the ‘Tonkin Free School’ to provide a western style education. This education included classes in Science, Hygiene and French.
2.  They suggested that Vietnamese to be taught in lower classes and French in the higher classes.
3. The few who learnt French and acquired French culture were to be awarded with French citizenship.

Question.22. Who was Alluri Sitaram Raju? Explain his role in inspiring the rebels with Gandhiji’s
ideas.
Answer. Alluri Sitaram Raju was the tribal leader of the peasants in Andhra Pradesh. He claimed
that he had a variety of special powers.
He inspired the rebels with Gandhiji’s ideas in the following ways:

1.  Raju inspired them by talking of the greatness of Mahatma Gandhi.
2.  He said that he was inspired by the Non-cooperation Movement.
3. He persuaded people to wear khadi and to give up drinking.
4.  He asserted that India could be liberated only with the use of force.

Question.23. Explain the improvements made by the Indian Railways in its functioning.
Answer.

1. Railways make it possible to conduct multifarious activities like business, sight-seeing, pilgrimage, transportation of goods and passengers.
2.  It accelerated the deployment of industrial and agricultural sector.
3.  Konkan Railways along the west coast has facilitated the movement of passengers and goods.
4. Metro Rail, Mono Rail and Rapid metro systems are helping lakhs of people to commute everyday. These have helped in easing the traffic situation in cities like Delhi, Mumbai and Gurgaon.
5.  The railways provide effective container service.

Question.24. Explain with examples how industries in India have given a major boost to agriculture.
Answer.

1. Agro-industries in India have boosted agriculture by raising its productivity.
2.  Industries depend on agriculture for their raw materials, e.g., cotton textile industry.
3. Industries provide many agricultural inputs like irrigation pumps, fertilizers, insecticides, PVC pipes, machines and tools etc. to the farmers.
4.  Manufacturing industries have assisted agriculturists to increase their production and also made the production processes very efficient.
5.  Development of different modes of transport by industrial sector has not only helped farmers to obtain agricultural inputs but has also helped them trade their products.

Question.25. “Democracies have been able to reduce inequality and poverty.” Examine the statement
highlighting the values attached to it.
Answer. Democracies have been able to reduce inequality and poverty:

1. Social. Reservation for SCs and STs and women in various organizations, jobs, schools, etc.
2.  Economic. Provision of welfare schemes, subsidy, food for work programme, etc.
3.  Political. Democracies ensure universal adult franchise. All citizens above the age of 18 have the right to vote without any discrimination on the basis of sex, religion, caste, language, etc.
4.  Religious. Secular country-no religion is an official religion.
5. Transparency. Every citizen has the right and means to examine the process of decision making.

Question.26. Identify and explain any three challenges which political parties need to face and overcome in order to remain effective instruments of democracy.
Answer. The challenges which political parties need to face:

1.  Lack of internal democracy within the parties. There is a tendency towards the concentration of power in one or a few top leaders.
2.  Parties do not keep membership registers, they do not hold organizational meetings and also do not hold internal elections regularly.
3. The leaders assume greater power to make decisions in the name of the party.
4. Since one or few leaders exercise paramount power in the party, those who disagree with the leadership find it difficult to continue in the party.
5.  Due to dynastic succession and lack of open and transparent procedures, it becomes difficult for an ordinary worker to rise to the top in a party.
6.  Growing role of money and muscle power, increasing role of rich people and big companies in political parties, support to criminals, etc. influence the policies and decisions of the party.
   (vii) Often political parties do not offer a meaningful choice to voters.

Question.27. Which government body supervises the functioning of formal sources of loans in India?
Explain its functioning.
Answer. The Reserve Bank of India supervises the functioning of formal sources of loans. Functions of Reserve Bank of India.

1.  RBI requires commercial banks to maintain a minimum cash balance out of the deposits they receive. The RBI monitors that the banks actually maintain the cash balance.
2.  RBI sees that the banks give loans not just to profit-making businesses and traders but also to small cultivators, small-scale industries, small borrowers, SHGs, etc.
3.  RBI issues guidelines for fixing rate of interest on deposits and lending by commercial banks.
4.  Periodically, banks have to submit information to the RBI on how much they are lending, to whom, at what interest rate, etc.

Question.28. How has globalization been advantageous to both the producers as well as the consumers in India? Explain.
Answer. To Producers. Several of the top Indian Companies have been able to benefit from the increased competition.
• They have invested in newer technology and production methods and thereby raised their production standards.
• They have gained from successful collaborations with foreign companies. .
• Globalization helped in the development of IT sector.
• Good quality products are being produced at lower prices.
To Consumers. There is greater choice before consumers who can enjoy improved quality and lower prices for several products.
• People today, enjoy much higher standards of living than was possible earlier.

Question.29. Identify and label the following on the map of India:
(a) The place, where the Indian National Congress session was held in 1927.
(b) The place where the movement of Indigo Planters took place.
(c) The place where the Peasant Satyagraha was held.

Note: The following questions are for the BLIND CANDIDATES only, in lieu of Question No. 29.
(1) The place, where the Indian National Congress session was held on September, 1920.
(2) At which place was the Civil Disobedience movement started?
(3) Where was the Peasant Satyagraha held?
Answer. (1) Calcutta
(2) Dandi
(3) Kheda

Question.30. On the given political outline map of India:
(a) Identify
A. Mica mines
B. Software Technology Park
(b) Locate and label
(i) Kandla—Sea Port

Answer.

Note: The following questions are for the BLIND CANDIDATES only, in lieu of Question No. 30.
(1) In which state is Bhilai Iron and Steel Plant located?
(2) Name any one Technology Park located in Karnataka state.
(3) Name the southernmost major sea port of India.
Answer. (1) Madhya Pradesh (2) Bangalore/Mysore (3) Tuticorin

SET II

Except for the following questions, all the remaining questions have been asked in Set-I.
Question.1. What combination of colours was there in the ‘Swaraj flag’ designed by Gandhiji in 1921?
Answer. Red, Green and White

Question.4. In which state does ‘Biju Janata Dal’ exist as a regional party?
Answer. Odisha (Orissa)

Question.13. Why is iron and steel industry called a heavy industry? Give three reasons.
Answer. Iron and steel industry is called a heavy industry because:

1.  All the raw materials are heavy.
2.  All the finished products are also heavy.
3.  Raw materials as well as finished goods are bulky also.
4. Iron-ore, coal, limestone are the major raw materials used in producing iron and steel and they are heavy.
5. Transportation costs of raw materials and finished goods of iron and steel industry are heavy (costly).
6.  Efficient transport network is needed for its distribution. (any three)

Question.14. Explain any three reasons for dense railway network in the North Indian Plains.
Answer. Three reasons for dense network of railways in Northern Indian Plains are:

1. The vast level land provided the most favourable conditions for their growth. It is cheaper and easier to construct railway tracks here.
2. The agricultural and industrial development in this region necessitated the development of railway lines.
3.  High population density in this region further required the development of railway lines.
4.  Resources such as iron and steel, fuels, etc., required for the development of railways are available in abundance in the Northern Indian Plains.

Question.25. Why do we feel that democracy is a better form of government than any other form of government? Explain.
Answer. We feel that democracy is a better form of government than any other form of government because:

1. Democracy promotes equality among citizens.
2.  It enhances dignity of individual. It promotes dignity of women and strengthens the claims of the disadvantaged.
3.  It improves the quality of decision making. There is transparency in a democracy,
4.  It provides methods to resolve conflicts.
5.  Democracy allows room to correct mistakes.

Question.27. “There is a great need for acquiring the knowledge and skill to become a well informed consumer.” Support this statement.
Answer. There is a great need for acquiring the knowledge and skill to become a well informed consumer because

1.  We, as consumers participate in the market.
2.  Consumer consciousness is very important for every buyer while purchasing various goods and services.
3.  We should know the rules and regulations protecting the consumers’ rights.
4. When we buy a commodity, we should know the details like the ingredients, date of manufacturing, date of expiry, directions of usage and risk associated.
5.  This enables consumers to make the right choice.

SET III

Except for the following questions, all the remaining questions have been asked in Set-I and Set-II.
Question.1. Which Act did not permit plantation workers to leave the tea gardens without permission?
Answer. Inland Emigration Act of 1859.

Question.4. In which state does the ‘Rashtriya Lok Dal’ exist as a regional party?
Answer. Uttar Pradesh

Question.14. Why does Chhota Nagpur Plateau region have the maximum concentration of iron and steel industry? Explain any three reasons.
Answer. Reasons:

1.  Low cost of iron-ore which is mined here. .
2.  High grade raw materials in close proximity.
3.  Availability of cheap labour.
4. Vast growth potential in the home market.
5. Efficient transport network for their distribution to the markets and consumers.
6. Availability of power because this region has many thermal and hydel power plants.
   (any three)

Question.18. What is the main aim of World Trade Organization? Explain its functions.
Answer. World Trade Organization. WTO believes that there should not be any barriers between trade of different countries. Trade between countries should be free.
Functions of WTO:

1.  To liberalize international trade.
2. To establish rules regarding international trade.

Question.22. Describe the actions taken by the British administration against the nationalists who opposed the Rowlatt Act.
Answer. Alarmed by the popular upsurge and scared that lines of communication would be disrupted, the British administration decided to damp down on nationalists as such.

1. Local leaders were picked up from Amritsar. .
2.  Mahatma Gandhi was barred from entering Delhi.
3. On 10th April, the police at Amritsar fired upon a peaceful procession provoking the public.
4. Martial law was imposed.
5. General Dyer took command.

Question.27. How is the consumer redressal process becoming cumbersome, expensive and time consuming? Explain.
Answer. The consumer redressal process is becoming cumbersome, expensive and time-consuming.

1. Many a time, consumers are required to hire lawyers. These cases require time for filing and attending court proceedings.
2. In most purchases, cash memos are not issued, therefore it is difficult to gather evidence in case a consumer is cheated.
3.  The existing laws are also not very clear on the issue of compensation to consumers injured by defective goods.
4.  Enforcement of laws that protect workers in the unorganized sectors is weak.
5.  Also, consumer awareness is spreading slowdy. Rules and regulations of working markets are not followed.

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