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Class 7 SST Chapter 6 The Age of Reorganisation Extra Questions
NCERT Class 7 Social Science Chapter 6 Extra Questions on The Age of Reorganisation
The Age of Reorganisationa Class 7 Very Short Question Answer
Question 1.
Which Shunga architectural site is known for its beautifully carved railings and reliefs depicting stories from the Buddha’s life?
Answer:
The Bharhut Stupa.
Question 2.
Which region did the Satavahana dynasty primarily rule over?
Answer:
The Satavahana dynasty primarily ruled over present-day Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Maharashtra.
Question 3.
Why Gautami Balashri significant in Satavahana history?
Answer:
Gautami Balashri was significant for donating land to Buddhist monks.
Question 4.
Which ruler is associated with the Udayagiri- Khandagiri caves?
Answer:
Kharavela.
Question 5.
Which three powerful kingdoms rose to prominence in India’s southern region between the 2nd century BCE and the 3rd century CE?
Answer:
The Cheras, the Cholas, and the Pandyas.
Question 6.
Which kingdoms did King Karikala defeat to establish his supremacy?
Answer:
The Cheras and Pandyas.
Question 7.
Where did Kovalan and Kannagi travel after Kovalan lost his wealth?
Answer:
They travelled to Madurai, the capital of the Pandyas.
Question 8.
Where was the capital of the Cheras located?
Answer:
The capital of the Cheras was at Vanji, present-day Karur in Tamil Nadu.
Question 9.
What was the role of Sangam literature in Tamil society?
Answer:
It depicted the cultural and social life of Tamil people.
Question 10.
What influence did the Kushana Empire have on art?
Answer:
It blended Greco-Roman and Indian styles.
The Age of Reorganisation Class 7 Short Question Answer
Question 1.
Explain the significance of Kanishka in the spread of Buddhism.
Answer:
King Kanishka of the Kushana Empire played a pivotal role in spreading Buddhism to Central Asia. He is credited with convening the Fourth Buddhist Council, which helped formalize Buddhist teachings. His patronage led to the expansion of Buddhist influence, particularly along the Silk Road.
Question 2.
How did the inclusion of the mother’s name in the title of post-Maurya rulers reflect their political strategy?
Answer:
Including the mother’s name in the title helped rulers strengthen their political legitimacy, as it emphasized royal lineage, especially in dynasties where maternal descent or heritage was considered important in establishing the ruler’s authority.
Question 3.
Describe the contribution of Sangam literature to our understanding of ancient Tamil society.
Answer:
Sangam literature provides a vivid depiction of the social, economic, and cultural life of ancient Tamil society. It highlights the themes of love, heroism, and ethics, offering insights into the values, customs, and governance during the Sangam period.
Question 4.
What is the importance of Ajanta Caves in the context of post-Maurya architecture?
Answer:
The Ajanta Caves are important examples of rock- cut architecture developed during the post-Maurya period. These caves feature intricate carvings and paintings depicting Buddhist themes, contributing significantly to the art and architecture of ancient India.
Question 5.
What role did the Kushana Empire play in the development of trade and culture?
Answer:
The Kushana Empire, through its strategic location along the Silk Road, facilitated trade between India, Central Asia, and China. It also fostered cultural exchanges, with influences from Greek, Roman, and Indian traditions blending in art, architecture, and religion.
Question 6.
What was the significance of the Pandya kingdom?
Answer:
The Pandya kingdom, with its capital at Madurai, was a prosperous and powerful kingdom in Tamil Nadu. It was known for its strong administration, active trade with the Greeks and Romans, and naval power. The Pandyas contributed to the region’s art, architecture, and culture. Their kingdom played a major role in the economic and cultural history of South India.
Question 7.
What was the Shaka Samvat calendar, and when was it adopted as the Indian National Calendar?
Answer:
The Shaka Samvat calendar was developed during the rule of the Shakas (Indo-Scythians) in the northwest of the Subcontinent. It is 78 years behind the Gregorian calendar, except from January to March, when it is behind by 79 years. This calendar was adopted as the Indian National Calendar in 1957.
Question 8.
Who was Kharavela, and what notable achievements are recorded in the Hathigumpha inscription?
Answer:
Kharavela was a ruler of the Chedi dynasty in Kalinga, known for his devotion to Jainism and being called “bhikshu-raja” (monk-king). The Hathigumpha inscription, located near Bhubaneswar, records his military victories, benevolent works for the welfare of his people, and the establishment of a ‘council of ascetics and sages’ from a hundred regions. He is also praised for his respect for all schools of thought and efforts to repair temples.
Question 9.
How did the Cheras contribute to the cultural and economic history of southern India?
Answer:
The Cheras promoted Tamil literature and patronized Sangam poets, contributing significantly to the cultural history of the region. Economically, they developed extensive trade connections with the Roman Empire and West Asia, exporting goods like spices, timber, ivory, and pearls, thus boosting the region’s economy.
The Age of Reorganisation Class 7 Long Question Answer
Discuss the architectural achievements of the post- Maurya era, citing specific examples.
Answer:
The post-Maurya era saw significant advancements in architecture, particularly in the development of Buddhist monuments. One notable example is the Sanchi Stupa in Madhya Pradesh, which, although constructed during the Mauryan period, influenced later architectural styles. The Ajanta Caves, developed during the early centuries CE, are another remarkable example, with their rock-cut designs and intricate sculptures.
These caves, known for their Buddhist frescoes, reflect the religious and artistic advancements of the time. The Gandhara art style, which developed during the Kushana Empire, was another significant architectural and artistic achievement. The blend of Greco-Roman and Indian influences created a unique style that is evident in sculptures and stupas from the period.
Question 2.
Explain the impact of the Kushana Empire on Indian history and culture.
Answer:
The Kushana Empire, established by the Kushan dynasty, was instrumental in shaping the political, cultural, and religious landscape of ancient India. Under King Kanishka, the empire expanded its reach across North India and Central Asia. Kanishka’s patronage of Buddhism played a key role in its spread beyond India, particularly to Central Asia and China, contributing to the establishment of the Silk Road as a major trade route. The Kushanas also had a significant impact on art, especially through the development of Gandhara art, which combined Greek, Roman, and Indian artistic traditions.
The empire’s monetary system, which introduced new forms of coinage, is another important contribution. The Kushana period also saw the flourishing of trade and commerce, which further integrated India into global economic networks. The Kushana Empire, thus, helped in the cross-pollination of cultures and ideas, leaving a lasting legacy in the history of India.
Question 3.
Explain the significance of King Karikala in the history of the Chola dynasty, focusing on his military achievements and contributions to agriculture.
Answer:
King Karikala was one of the most prominent rulers of the Chola dynasty, which ruled southern India from the 3rd century BCE to the 13th century CE. He is especially known for his military prowess, having defeated a combined force of the Cheras and Pandyas, which helped him establish Chola supremacy in the region. Beyond his military achievements, Karikala is renowned for his contributions to agriculture and infrastructure, particularly through the construction of the Kallanai or Grand Anicut.
This massive water diversion system was strategically placed just downstream of Srirangam Island and was designed to channel waters from the Kaveri River to the central and southern parts of the Kaveri delta. The irrigation system expanded the area suitable for cultivation, earning the region the nickname “rice bowl of the South.” The Kallanai has been restored several times over the centuries but continues to be in use today, providing crucial irrigation for millions of people in Tamil Nadu and supporting the region’s agricultural economy. This project reflects Karikala’s vision of ensuring prosperity for his people through sustainable agricultural practices.
Question 4.
How did the Indo-Greeks influence the northwestern regions of India, and what is the significance of their cultural interaction with local traditions?
Answer:
The Indo-Greeks, who arrived in the northwestern regions of India after Alexander’s brief campaign, left a lasting impact on the subcontinent. They established independent satrapies and were greatly influenced by the rich local culture. This led to a blend of Greek and Indian elements in governance, art, language, and daily life. A notable example of this cultural fusion is the Heliodorus pillar near Vidisha, which features an inscription praising Vasudeva as the ‘god of gods.’ The inscriptions highlight values such as self-restraint, charity, and consciousness.
Additionally, Indo-Greek coins, often depicting both Greek and Indian deities like Vasudeva-Krishna and Lakshmi, serve as valuable archaeological evidence of their rule. These coins, made from gold, silver, copper, and nickel, reveal the syncretic nature of their cultural influence.
Question 5.
How did the Satavahana dynasty contribute to the economic and cultural development of ancient India?
Answer:
The Satavahana dynasty, which ruled large parts of the Deccan from the 2nd century BCE, made significant contributions to both the economic and cultural development of ancient India. They facilitated flourishing trade and commerce, with coins found from Gujarat to Andhra Pradesh, indicating active trade across the western and eastern coasts. The kingdom engaged in maritime trade, evidenced by coins depicting ships, suggesting advanced shipbuilding and navigation skills. Agriculture, particularly in the Krishna-Godavari River system, provided economic stability.
The Satavahanas had trade networks extending as far as the Roman Empire, with goods like spices, textiles, ivory, and gold being exchanged. Culturally, they patronized literature, art, and religious institutions, with inscriptions found in places like Nashik and Naneghat that highlight their support for Vedic rituals, Buddhism, and Jainism. Additionally, they are noted for promoting the development of early numerals, which eventually led to modem numerical systems.
The Age of Reorganisation Class 7 Source Based Questions
Read the below passages and answer the following questions:
Coins issued by the Satavahana rulers have been found in various regions of India, from Gujarat to Andhra Pradesh – India’s western and eastern coasts. Indeed, many coins depicted ships, suggesting that maritime trade was an important part of economic life. The type of ship depicted on the coin above suggests advanced shipbuilding and navigation technologies. Agriculture flourished in the Krishna Godavari River system, which provided economic ; stability to the kingdom. The Satavahanas had active trade networks that reached as far as the Roman Empire and included an exchange of goods like spices, textiles, sandalwood, and luxury items like gold-plated pearls, ivory, etc. Imports included glass and perfumed ointments. Tolls and taxes on trade added revenue to the kingdom.
(i) In which two regions of India were Satavahana coins found?
Answer:
Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh.
(ii) What kind of trade is shown by ships on Satavahana coins?
Answer:
Maritime (sea) trade.
(iii) How did agriculture and trade help the Satavahana kingdom become rich?
Answer:
Agriculture in the Krishna-Godavari River area gave food and stability. Trade with other places, like the Roman Empire, brought money through tolls, taxes, and selling goods like spices and pearls.
2. Very little is known about Ashoka’s successors to the throne. It is generally accepted, however, that the last Maurya emperor was assassinated around 185 BCE by his commander-in-chief Pushyamitra Shunga. This led to a breakup of the empire – hardly half a century after Ashoka. Many new kingdoms emerged across the subcontinent, which, often, were earlier tributary. kingdoms under the Maurya empire. The northwest region became weak, exposing it to invasions from outside the subcontinent. This period is also known ; as the ‘age of reorganisation’ by some scholars as the existing regions were being reorganised into new kingdoms that were constantly competing to become powerful. The map of India changed significantly in that age, as did people’s lives.
(i) Who killed the last Maurya ruler?
Answer:
Pushyamitra Shunga.
(ii) What do some scholars call the time after the Maurya Empire?
Answer:
The ‘age of reorganisation’.
(iii) What happened in India after the fall of the Maurya Empire?
Answer:
The empire broke into many small kingdoms. The northwest became weak and open to attacks. Old regions were changed into new kingdoms that fought for power.
The Age of Reorganisation Class 7 Picture Based Questions
Examine the given image and answer the following.
(i) Who is depicted in this image?
Answer:
The image depicts Kannagi, the central character of the Tamil epic Silappadikaram.
(ii) Which city did Kannagi bum in her rage and grief?
Answer:
Madurai
(iii) What is the symbolic meaning of Kannagi in Tamil literature and culture?
Answer:
Kannagi symbolizes chastity, justice, and righteous anger in Tamil literature and culture. She is revered as a divine figure who stood against injustice and is celebrated for her unwavering loyalty to her husband and moral strength.
The Age of Reorganisation Class 7 Map Skill Questions
Question 1.
On the political map of India, locate and label the following prominent dynasties:
(i) Cheras
(ii) Cholas
(iii) Pandyas
Answer:
Class 7 The Age of Reorganisation Extra Questions for Practice
I. Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
The Naneghat Caves are located near
(a) Pune
(b) Mumbai
(c) Chennai
(d) Mysore
Question 2.
Coin of the Satavahanas has an inscription in
(a) Sanskrit
(b) Roman
(c) Pali
(d) Brahmi script
Question 3.
Who was sometimes called bhikshu-raja or monk-king?
(a) Kharavela
(b) Karikala
(c) Kanishka
(d) Ashoka
4. Who was the most powerful ruler of the Kushana dynasty?
(a) Kanishka
(b) Karikala
(c) Vikramaditya
(d) Ashoka
Question 5.
There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Choose your answer below:
Assertion (A): The Cheras were also known as the Keralaputra (sons of Kerala).
Reason (R): The Cheras ruled over the western parts of Tamil Nadu and Kerala.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong.
(d) (A) is wrong but (R) is correct.
II. Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What do the Sangams refer to?
Question 2.
Who created a ‘council of ascetics and sages’ from a hundred regions?
Question 3.
In which state of India are Udayagiri caves located?
Question 4.
Who had founded the Shunga dynasty?
Question 5.
What does Jagdish Chandra Bose say about the land of India?
III. Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Why was the Ashvamedha yajna conducted by many rulers?
Question 2.
Where are the Naneghat Caves? Why were they built?
Question 3.
Why were Udayagiri caves built?
Question 4.
Where is Gandhara located?
Question 5.
How is the Mathura style different from the Gandhara style?
IV. Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
How do coins issued by the Satavahana rulers give detail of the maritime trade of the rulers?
Question 2.
Write the tale of Kannagi in your own words.
Question 3.
How did the invasion of Greeks, particularly, Alexander, influence Indian subcontinent?
Question 4.
Why would a powerful ruler like Kanishka feature Buddha and Shiva on his coins? What does it say about his values and priorities?
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