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Sitaram Jindal Foundation Scholarship Scheme 2021 | All You Need To Know About Jindal Scholarship

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Sitaram Jindal Scholarship 2021-22: Sitaram Jindal Scholarship invites all learners who are qualified to apply for this Jindal Scholarship. The scholarship offers many variable benefits that provide economic assistance for their greater studies to qualified learners. To learn more about the last date, application form, and benefits, read the full article.

Sitaram Jindal Scholarship 2020 is a merit cum scheme that Sitaram Jindal Foundation launched as a scholarship. This is a charitable trust in Bengaluru aimed at supporting the education of deserving and needy applicants. The aim of this scholarship is to provide financial assistance for their bright future to underprivileged learners. Only Class 11 students are provided this scholarship to PG. Sitaram Jindal foundation scholarship scheme 2019-20 will provide monetary assistance to those applicants who are worthy and ready to carry forward their studies. Rs.2500 per month and other allowances will be provided to selected learners. It should be observed that this scholarship includes courses in technical Polytechnic and Diploma technical education.

Students can also find more Scholarship Articles for 12th passed, 10th passed Students and many more.

Jindal Scholarship Application Form

The request for a Jindal scholarship must be filed offline as well as online. After reading all the directions closely, applicants can visit the scholarship’s official website and apply it from there. Candidates can follow the measures listed below:

  • Visit and register on the official website which is https://www.sitaramjindalfoundation.org/
  • Login to the information about your registration.
  • Complete all the required information.
  • Upload the records you need.
  • Send a request form to the below-given address:

Students located in the following states

Andhra Pradesh, Andaman & Nicobar Island, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu, Gujarat, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Lakshadweep, Maharashtra, Puducherry, Tamil Nadu, Telangana

The Trustee,
Sitaram Jindal Foundation,
Jindal Nagar, Tumkur Road,
Bengaluru – 560073

For Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Chandigarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal:

The Trustee,
Sitaram Jindal Foundation
11, Green Avenue,
Behind Sector D-3, Vasant Kunj,
New Delhi 110070

Download Jindal Scholarship Application Form

Jindal Scholarship – Documents Required

  • Mark sheet 10/12.
  • Last review.
  • Certificate of Income Merit Certificate for learners of medicine, engineering, MBA.
  • Hostel Warden Certificate (for hostellers) Physical Disability Certificate PPO Relationship Certificate and
  • Ex-serviceman Widow ID Card (for widows and ex-servicemen).

Jindal Scholarship – Who Can Apply for Jindal Scholarship?

An applicant must

  • Be studying in class 11, 12, ITI, Diploma, Graduation and Postgraduation.
  • Fulfill the eligibility of percentage marks in their previous class as specified in the notification.

Jindal Scholarship Eligibility Criteria

The scholarship is split into categories depending on the applicants’ academic level. To get maximum advantages, students must meet the eligibility requirements. This scholarship’s eligibility criteria include family revenue, academic background, and much more. Check your eligibility through the table below.

Category Eligibility Criteria
Category ‘A’ Applicants must be class 11th to 12th Male applicants in the past exam must have scored at least 65 percent marks and girls candidates must have scored at least 60 percent marks.
In the event of girls, students from Karnataka and West Bengal must have a minimum score of 75% mark (boys) and 70% marks.
The annual earnings of the family (who are employed) must not exceed 4 lakh.
Annual family earnings should not have exceeded 2.5 lakhs for other applicants Must not have passed 30 years of age.
The candidates are required to complete ITI classes from any government or private institution.
Category ‘B’ ITI Students The candidates are required to complete ITI classes from any government or private institution.
Male applicants must have a minimum score of 505 marks and female applicants must have a minimum score of 40 percent marks.
The annual earnings of the family (who are employed) must not exceed 4 lakh.
Annual family earnings should not have exceeded 2.5 lakhs for other applicants.
Must not have passed 30 years of age.
Category ‘C’ Candidates are required to study in PG and are qualified to apply for graduate courses.
They must have obtained 60 percent marks for applicants for women.
They must have secured marks of 65 percent for boys applicants.
Karnataka and West Bengal students must have secured marks of at least 70% marks (boys) and 65% marks (girls)
The annual earnings of the family (who are employed) must not exceed 4 lakh. Annual family earnings should not have exceeded 2.5 lakhs for other applicants Must not have passed 30 years of age.
Category ‘D’ Diploma courses Candidates must attend classes such as Civil Engg, Computer Science, Chemical, Automotive, Nursing, Pharmacy and Physiotherapy, and classes linked to the environment.
At least 60 marks (boys) and a minimum of 55 percent marks (girls) must be obtained by applicants.
The annual earnings of the family (who are employed) must not exceed 4 lakh.
Annual family earnings should not have exceeded 2.5 lakhs for other applicants Must not have passed 30 years of age.
Category ‘E’ Engineering & Medicine Courses Candidates are required to study classes in engineering, medicine, and architecture.
This system is not eligible for MDS learners.
In the last qualifying exam, male applicants must have scored at least 70 percent and females must have received at least 65 percent marks.
Karnataka and West Bengal students must have obtained a minimum of 75 percent marks (boys) and a minimum of 70 percent marks (girls) The annual family income (who are employed) must not exceed 4 lakh.
Annual family earnings should not have exceeded 2.5 lakhs for other applicants Must not have passed 30 years of age.

Note: The eligibility percentage criterion for applicants with different capabilities is that in all categories they should have scored passing marks. The minimum necessary percentage of relaxation for Jindal scholarships to continue is 5 percent.

ITI Maharastra

Jindal Scholarship Category Wise Scholarship Rewards

  • Category – A: 11th and 12th Classes students Rs.500/-.
  • Category – B (ITI Students): For Govt ITIS it is Rs.500/-. For Private ITIS it is Rs.700/-.
  • Category – C: Graduate Courses Like BCA, BBA, BBM, B.A., B.Com, B.Sc., BFA, B.Sc. EVS, Env Engineering Bachelor of Business Economics/Finance.
    • General Category: For Girls – Rs.1000/-, For Boys – Rs.800/
    • Physically Challenged or Handicap Students – Rs.1000/-
    • Widows & unmarried wards of Ex-servicemen – Rs.1200/-
  • Category – D: Diploma courses for all streams Girls – Rs.1200/-, Boys – Rs.1000/-
  • Category – E: Engineering & Medicine Courses
    • Graduate Engineering Courses (all streams): For boys – 1500/- for girls 1700/-
    • Graduate Medicine Courses including Dental, B.Pharma, M.B.B.S, Homeopathy, and Ayurveda: For boys – 1800/- for girls 2000/-
    • PG Courses Engineering & Medicine Courses including Naturopathy, M.Pharma, Homeopathy, Surgery (excluding MDS): For Girls – Rs.2500/-, Boys – Rs.2300/-.
  • For students staying in the hostel
    • Additional amount for hosteler of ITI/Diploma, Grad./PG Courses – Rs.800/-.
    • Medical & Engg.Courses (including PG Courses) – Rs.1200/-.

FAQ’s on Jindal Scholarship 2020

Question 1.
What is the allowance provided under the Jindal scholarship?

Answer:
Rs.2500 per month and other allowances will be provided to selected learners.

Question 2.
What is the aim of the Jindal scholarship?

Answer:
The aim of this scholarship is to provide financial assistance for their bright future to underprivileged learners.

Question 3.
What does this scholarship include?

Answer:
This scholarship includes courses in technical Polytechnic and Diploma technical education.

 

The post Sitaram Jindal Foundation Scholarship Scheme 2021 | All You Need To Know About Jindal Scholarship appeared first on Learn CBSE.


District Merit Scholarship (DMS) 2021 | Important Dates, Eligibility, Application

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District Merit Scholarship (DMS) 2021: The Directorate of Collegiate Education (DCE), Government of Kerala has released the notification for the District Merit Scholarship (DMS) 2019. The District Merit Scholarship has initiated by the Directorate of Collegiate Education, Govt. of Kerala. This scheme is available only for the students of Kerala State. The government of Kerala grants District Merit Scholarship (DMS) 2021 to students who have passed in all subjects in the SSLC exam with A+ grade. This SSLC exam must be conducted by the Board of Public Examination, Kerala.

The application form for District Merit Scholarship will be available online on August 1, 2019. Candidates can fill the application and apply for this scholarship till 30th September 2019. The motive behind the DMS is to notify candidates regarding engineering courses after class 10th or 12th every year. Read the article below to get more information about District Merit Scholarship 2021.

You can also find more Scholarship Articles for 12th passed, 10th passed Students and many more.

District Merit Scholarship (DMS) 2021

DMS is available for students of Kerala who are currently studying in Higher Secondary, VHSC, ITI or polytechnic Courses. This Scholarship is one of the initiatives of Govt. of Kerala to encourage Kerala students for pursuing engineering courses. DMS provides financial support to the underprivileged students who cannot afford their education. It also helps meritorious students to complete engineering courses without financial hassle.

Govt. of Kerala has introduced DMS to award the outstanding meritorious students in the education sector as well as in the economically and socially backward classes. This project envisages the development and implementation of a web-based scholarship management system. It is an efficient and foolproof system that facilitates DCE for selection of students and disbursements of scholarships.

Govt. of Kerala releases both Fresh and Renewal application forms to apply for DMS. It is mandatory that candidates applying for DMS Fresh Application should not applied for it earlier. On the other hand, a Renewal Application is for those candidates who have applied for it earlier.

District Merit Scholarship (DMS) Overview

Particulars Details
Organization Name Kerala Directorate of Collegiate Education (DCE Scholarship)
Scholarship Name District Merit Scholarship (DMS) Fresh & Renewal 2019-20
Amount of Scholarship Rs. 1,250/- per annum to each scholar
Applicable State Kerala
Official Website www.dcescholarship.kerala.gov.in

District Merit Scholarship 2021 Important Dates

Events Important Dates
Start of DMS Fresh Scholarship Application August 1, 2020
Deadline to Submit DMS Fresh Scholarship Application September 30, 2020
Release of DMS Result October 2020
Disbursement of Scholarship to the selected students October 2020
Start of DMS Renewal Scholarship Application August 1, 2020
Deadline to Submit DMS Renewal Scholarship Application September 30, 2020

District Merit Scholarship 2019 – Eligibility Criteria

Applicants must fulfill the following eligibility criteria to apply for DMS 2021:

  • Students must have passed an A+ grade in all subjects in the SSLC examination.
  • Students must have passed the SSLC examination conducted by the Board of Public Examinations, Kerala State.
  • Students studying in Higher Secondary / VHSC / ITI / Polytechnic courses can apply for DMS.

District Merit Scholarship 2021 Selection Process

The Higher Education Department of Govt. of Kerala is responsible for the selection of the meritorious students. The final selection for DMS depends on the academic record and income of parents.

District Merit Scholarship 2021 Application Process

The application for DMS will be available online on August 1. Candidates can fill and submit the application on or before September 30. Refer to the below points to apply for District Merit Scholarship 2019.

  • Candidates should visit the official website of DCE, Govt. of Kerala.
  • Select the “District Merit Scholarship (DMS)” from the types of scholarship list. Refer to the picture below:

DMS

  • Then, click on “Apply Online” to redirect to the Candidate Login page.
  • Already registered candidates can enter the login details as shown in the below picture

DMS Scholarship

  • Otherwise, click on the “New Registration” to generate an account.
  • Fill the correct and valid details in the application form in capital letters.
  • Recheck the application thoroughly to avoid rejection by DCE, Govt of Kerala during verification.
  • Upload scanned copies of all required documents along with the application. The documents must be attested by the Head of the School/ College/ University.
  • Submit the completed application along with the required documents.
  • Then, you will receive an automated email regarding your login Id and password.
  • Keep the credentials safe for your future usage.
  • Finally, take a printout of the DMS application form for future purposes.

District Merit Scholarship Checklist of Documents

The below-mentioned documents must be uploaded along with the application to apply for DMS 2021.

  • Recent passport size photograph
  • Attested copies of school/college certificates and mark Sheets
  • Candidates annual family income certificate and affidavit for any additional income
  • Attested copies of caste certificate
  • Age proof (birth certificate or class 10th board certificate)
  • Residential proof (electricity bill, ration card, voter Id, aadhar card, and so forth)
  • Attested copies of disability certificates, if any
  • Candidates Bank Account details in the prescribed format

District Merit Scholarship Renewal

The DMS Renewal application form will be released online on August 1, 2019. Candidates can fill the application and apply for renewal on or before September 30, 2019. Candidates who have already registered for DMS must renew it every year. Candidates should have satisfactory performance in each year’s annual exam to renew this scholarship. Candidates should maintain the academic requirements and conduct to apply for DMS Renewal. Refer the below points to Renew the District Merit Scholarship application form.

  • Candidates should visit the official website of DCE, Govt. of Kerala to renew the application.
  • Login by entering registration Id, date of birth, password and selecting Renewal. Edit the old application form which exists in the DCE portal.
  • Make sure that the modified details are accurate and filled in the specified format. For any corrections modify the form accordingly.
  • Then, submit the DMS Renewal application form and check the status online.

District Merit Scholarship Result

The result for DMS will be released on the official website in October 2019. DCE prepares the final selection list of candidates to award the scholarship. Candidates can go to the official website of DCE, Govt. of Kerala to check the selection list of the scholarship beneficiaries. Candidates can check the selection list by entering the Scholarship Type, State, District, and College/ Institution Name. The list of selected candidates’ names and institution names will appear on the screen. Candidates can search their names in the selection list to confirm their chances of receiving the scholarship. The selected candidate’s documents will be verified by DCE after declaring the result. The Scholarships will be disbursed only to the selected candidates by DCE, Govt.of Kerala on October 2019.

District Merit Scholarship Contact Details

In case of any queries related to District Merit Scholarship or any assistance contact on the below-mentioned details.

Phone Number 0471-2306580 / 9446096580
Address Directorate of Collegiate Education (DCE), 6th Floor, Vikas Bhawan, Thiruvananthapuram -695033
Email ID dcescholarship@gmail.com

FAQ’s on District Merit Scholarship 2021

Question 1.
How is the District Merit Scholarship helpful to Kerala students?

Answer:
The government of Kerala grants District Merit Scholarship (DMS) 2019 to students who have passed in all subjects in the SSLC exam with A+ grade. This SSLC exam must be conducted by the Board of Public Examination, Kerala.

Question 2.
Is District Merit Scholarship available to all state students?

Answer:
No, this scholarship is available only for the students of Kerala State. The District Merit Scholarship has initiated by the Directorate of Collegiate Education, Govt. of Kerala.

Question 3.
How much scholarship amount will be disbursed to the meritorious students?

Answer:
The scholarship amount of Rs. 1,250/- per annum will be disbursed to each scholar.

Question 4.
What are the DMS application’s starting and closing dates?

Answer:
The DMS application’s starting date is August 1, 2019. Whereas the closing date is September 30.

Question 5.
The District Merit Scholarship is available for which courses?

Answer:
District Merit Scholarship is available for students of Kerala who are currently studying in Higher Secondary, VHSC, ITI or polytechnic Courses.

Hope this article will help you to get more information about District Merit Scholarship (DMS) 2019. If you have queries related to DMS, then leave it in the comment box to get in touch with us.

The post District Merit Scholarship (DMS) 2021 | Important Dates, Eligibility, Application appeared first on Learn CBSE.

Vidyadhan Scholarship 2021-22 | Dates, Application Process, Rewards

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Vidyadhan Scholarship 2021-22: The Vidyadhan Scholarship is a scholarship that is provided by the Sarojini Damodaran Foundation. It aims to provide financial support to economically weak and meritorious students to pursue higher education. Students are eligible to apply for the scholarship after they complete their class 10 board exams or equivalent. Currently, the scholarship can be availed across 8 states in India.

The states that fall under the Vidyadhan scholarship are Telangana, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Pondicherry,  Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Kerala. As of 2021, there are over 2800 students being sponsored across states in India. The initial duration of the scholarship is for two years (classes 11 and 12). If the students continue to pursue their studies with meritorious results, the scholarship will be extended to help students pursue a degree course.

You can also find more Scholarship Articles for 12th passed, 10th passed Students and many more.

Vidyadhan Scholarship Highlights

Name of organization Sarojini Damodaran Foundation
Name of scholarship Vidyadhan Scholarship Program 2021
Last Date to Apply December 31 2021
Official Website www.vidhyadhan.org
Interview or Exam Date To Be Announced
Contact Details For any clarifications send an email to www.vidhyadhan.org 2021 or call Vishwanatha KS, Phone: +91 7349354415.
Scholarship Amounts Graduation courses as Rs 10,000 to Rs 60,000 per year depending on the course and duration.

Vidyadhan Scholarship 2021 Eligibility Criteria

Students can avail of the Vidyadhan Scholarship provided they satisfy the following eligibility criteria:

  • The annual family income of the students must be under INR 2,00,000.
  • Students should have secured not less than 90% marks or equivalent in class 10/ SSC examination. 75% is the cut-off for candidates with disabilities.
  • The students should have completed their class 10th or equivalent from one of the following states:
    • Telangana
    • Gujarat
    • Maharashtra
    • Pondicherry
    • Tamil Nadu
    • Andhra Pradesh
    • Karnataka
    • Kerala

Vidyadhan Scholarship Amount

Selected students will be awarded an amount of INR 6,000 per year for classes 11 and 12.

Vidyadhan Scholarship Important Dates

As of November 2021, new applications are currently closed. The application window will reopen after results for class 10 2020 exams are announced. However, based on past trends, the application window will open by June and conclude by the end of July.

Vidyadhan Scholarship Application Procedure

  • Students are required to visit the official homepage at https://www.vidyadhan.org/
  • On the top right, click “Apply for Scholarship”. Vidyadhan Scholarship 2019 Application Form will open.
  • Fill in the relevant details, such as name, date of birth, email ID, etc. The students are also prompted to create a new password for future references and further tracking.
  • Any future communication by the sponsor will be through the email provided at the time of registration.

Vidyadhan Scholarship Selection Procedure

The selection process will initially screen students on the basis of academic performance. Provisionally selected students will have to appear for either an interview or a test. The date and time of the interview will be provided to the students who are shortlisted individually. Moreover, the foundation will reimburse the travel expenses of the student and a parent in certain cases.

Documents Required for Vidyadhan Scholarship

Please ensure that the following documents are readily available before applying for the scholarship.

  • SSLC/SSC/10th or equivalent marksheet. In case the original marks card is not yet available, students can upload a provisional marks card from the ICSE/CBSE or official State education department website.
  • A passport-sized photograph
  • Income Certificate
  • Disability Certificate

FAQ’s on Vidyadhan Scholarship

Question 1.
Who are eligible to apply for this scholarship?

Answer:
Students who have completed their class 10 board exams or equivalent are eligible. Moreover, they should have secured not less than 90% marks or equivalent CGPA.

Question 2.
Are all students studying in any state eligible to apply?

Answer:
No. Only students who have completed their 10th from the following states are eligible

  • Telangana
  • Gujarat
  • Maharashtra
  • Pondicherry
  • Tamil Nadu
  • Andhra Pradesh
  • Karnataka
  • Kerala

Question 3.
What is the duration of the scholarship?

Answer:
The initial duration of the scholarship is up to two years (classes 11 and 12). If the students show excellent academic performance, they can be eligible for extending the scholarship to complete their degrees.

Question 4.
What is the scholarship amount?

Answer:
Students will be awarded an amount of INR 6,000 per year for classes 11 and 12.

The post Vidyadhan Scholarship 2021-22 | Dates, Application Process, Rewards appeared first on Learn CBSE.

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Coordinate Geometry Ex 7.2

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Get Free NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Ex 7.2 Coordinate Geometry Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions are extremely helpful while doing homework. Exercise 7.2 Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions were prepared by Experienced LearnCBSE.in Teachers. Detailed answers of all the questions in Chapter 7 Maths Class 10 Coordinate Geometry Exercise 7.2 Provided in NCERT Textbook

Topics and Sub Topics in Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Coordinate Geometry:

Section Name Topic Name
7 Coordinate Geometry
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Distance Formula
7.3 Section Formula
7.4 Area of a Triangle
7.5 Summary

You can also download the free PDF of Chapter 7 Ex 7.2 Coordinate Geometry NCERT Solutions or save the solution images and take the print out to keep it handy for your exam preparation.

Board CBSE
Textbook NCERT
Class Class 10
Subject Maths
Chapter Chapter 7
Chapter Name Coordinate Geometry
Exercise Ex 7.2
Number of Questions Solved 10
Category NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Coordinate Geometry Ex 7.2

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Coordinate Geometry Ex 7.2 are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Coordinate Geometry Ex 7.2.

Ex 7.2 Class 10 Maths Question 1.
Find the coordinates of the point which divides the join of (-1, 7) and (4, -3) in the ratio 2 : 3.
Solution:
Coordinate Geometry Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions Ex 7.2 PDF Download Q1

Ex 7.2 Class 10 Maths Question 2.
Find the coordinates of the points of trisection of the line segment joining (4, -1) and (-2, -3).
Solution:
Coordinate Geometry Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions Ex 7.2 PDF Q2

Download NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Coordinate Geometry PDF

Ex 7.2 Class 10 Maths Question 3.
To conduct Sports Day activities, in your rectangular shaped school ground ABCD, lines have been drawn with chalk powder at a distance of 1 m each. 100 flower pots have been placed at a distance of 1 m from each other along AD, as shown in given
figure below. Niharika runs \(\frac { 1 }{ 4 }\) th the distance AD on the 2nd line and posts a green flag. Preet runs \(\frac { 1 }{ 5 }\) th distance AD on the eighth line and posts a red flag. What is the distance between both the flags? If Rashmi has to post a blue flag exactly halfway between the line segment joining the two flags, where should she post her flag?
NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Coordinate Geometry Ex 7.2 Q3
Solution:
Coordinate Geometry Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions Ex 7.2 Q3
The blue flag is in the 5th line, at a distance of 22.5 m.

Ex 7.2 Class 10 Maths Question 4.
Find the ratio in which the line segment joining the points (-3, 10) and (6, -8) is divided by (-1, 6).
Solution:
Coordinate Geometry Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions Ex 7.2 PDF Free Download Q4

Ex 7.2 Class 10 Maths Question 5.
Find the ratio in which line segment joining A (1, -5) and B (-4, 5) is divided by the x-axis. Also, find the coordinates of the point of division.
Solution:
Exercise 7.2 Class 10 Coordinate Geometry Maths NCERT Solutions PDF Download Q5

Ex 7.2 Class 10 Maths Question 6.
If (1, 2), (4, y), (x, 6) and (3, 5) are the vertices of a parallelogram taken in order, find x and y.
Solution:
Exercise 7.2 Class 10 Coordinate Geometry Maths NCERT Solutions Q6

 

Ex 7.2 Class 10 Maths Question 7.
Find the coordinates of a point A, where AB is the diameter of a circle whose centre is (2, -3) and B is (1, 4).
Solution:
Ch 7 maths class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions Ex 7.2 PDF Download Q7

Ex 7.2 Class 10 Maths Question 8.
If A and B are (-2, -2) and (2, -4), respectively, find the coordinates of P such that AP = \(\frac { 3 }{ 7 }\) AB and P lies on the line segment AB.
Solution:
Ch 7 maths class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions PDF Download Q8

Ex 7.2 Class 10 Maths Question 9.
Find the coordinates of the points which divide the line segment joining A (-2, 2) and B (2, 8) into four equal parts.
Solution:
Ch 7 maths class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions Ex 7.2 PDF Download Q9

Ex 7.2 Class 10 Maths Question 10.
Find the area of a rhombus if its vertices are (3, 0), (4, 5), (-1, 4) and (-2, -1) taken in order.
[Hint: Area of a rhombus = \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 }\) (product of its diagonals)]
Solution:
Ch 7 maths class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions Q10

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Coordinate Geometry (Hindi Medium) Ex 7.2

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Exercise 7.2 Coordinate geometry
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Exercise 7.2 Question 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Exercise 7.2 Coordinates in PDF free
10 Maths exercise 7.2 Solutions for 2018-19
10 Maths exercise 7.2 Solutions for CBSE, Gujrat, UP Board
Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Exercise 7.2 Coordinate Geometry solutions in Hindi medium pdf
Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Exercise 7.2 Coordinate Geometry sols for CBSE, Gujrat, UP Board, Bihar and Uttarakhand

Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Exercise 7.2 Coordinate Geometry solutions for 2018-19
10 Maths Chapter 7 Exercise 7.2 all questions solutions for Gujrat and UP Board

We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Coordinate Geometry Ex 7.2, help you. If you have any query regarding NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Coordinate Geometry Exercise 7.2, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

The post NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Chapter 7 Coordinate Geometry Ex 7.2 appeared first on Learn CBSE.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations includes all the important topics with detailed explanation that aims to help students to understand the concepts better. Students who are preparing for their Class 10 exams must go through NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations. All Chapter 1 – Chemical Reactions and Equations Exercise Questions with Solutions to help you to revise complete Syllabus and Score More marks.

You can also Download NCERT Solution Class 10 science to help you to revise complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Students can also find NCERT intext, exercises and back of chapter questions. Also working on Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations NCERT Solutions will be most helpful to the students to solve their Homeworks and Assignments on time. Students can also download NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations PDF to access them even in offline mode. Not only that, but you will also have access to all the FREE PDFs of study materials and solutions along with absolutely FREE Online Tests to enhance your problem-solving speed.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 – Chemical Reactions and Equations NCERT Solutions for class 10 Science provided herein are designed by our subject matter experts in a simple and precise manner.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations

Before getting into the details of NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions And Equations, let’s have an overview of a list of topics and subtopics under Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions And Equations:

  1. Chemical Reactions And Equations
  2. Chemical Equations
  3. Types Of Chemical Reactions
  4. Have You Observed The Effects Of Oxidation Reactions In Everyday Life? Y Life?

Free download NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations PDF in Hindi Medium as well as in English Medium for CBSE, Uttarakhand, Bihar, MP Board, Gujarat Board, and UP Board students, who are using NCERT Books based on updated CBSE Syllabus for the session 2019-20.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Intext Questions

Page Number: 6

Question 1
Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air ?
Answer:
Magnesium gets covered with a layer of magnesium oxide when kept in air for a long time. This layer hinders the burning of magnesium. Hence, it is to be cleaned before burning.

Question 2
Write the balanced equation for the following chemical reactions.
(i) Hydrogen + Chlorine → Hydrogen chloride
(ii) Barium chloride + Aluminium sulphate → Barium sulphate + Aluminium chloride
(iii) Sodium + Water → Sodium hydroxide + Hydrogen
Answer:
(i) H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl
(ii) 3 BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 → BaSO4 + 2 AlCl3
(iii) 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2

Question 3
Write a balanced chemical equation with state symbols for the following reactions :
(i) Solutions of barium chloride and sodium sulphate in water react to give insoluble barium sulphate and the solution of sodium chloride.
(ii) Sodium hydroxide solution (in water) reacts with hydrochloric acid solution (in water) to produce sodium chloride solution and water.
Answer:
(i) BaCl2 (aq) + Na2SO4 (aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl (aq)
(ii) NaOH (aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

Page Number: 10

Question 1
A solution of a substance ‘X’ is used for white washing.
(i) Name the substance ‘X’ and write its formula.
(ii) Write the reaction of the substance ‘X’ named in (i) above with water.
Answer:
(i) The substance whose solution in water is used for white washing is calcium oxide (or quick lime). Its formula is CaO.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Intext Questions Page 10 Q1

Question 2
Why is the amount of gas collected in one of the test tubes in text book Activity 1.7 (i.e., electrolysis of water) double of the amount collected in the other? Name this gas. [CBSE 2015 (Delhi)]
Answer:
In Activity 1.7, water is electrolysed to give H2 gas at one electrode and O2 gas at the other electrode.
2H2O(l) → 2H2(g) + O2(g)
Thus two molecules of water on electrolysis give two molecules of hydrogen gas and one molecule of oxygen gas or in other words the amount of hydrogen gas collected would be double than that of oxygen gas.

Page Number: 13

Question 1
Why does the colour of copper sulphate solution change when an iron nail is dipped in it ?
OR
An iron nail is dipped in the solution of copper sulphate for about 30 minutes. State the change in colour observed. Give reason for the change. [CBSE 2015 (Delhi)]
Answer:
When an iron nail is dipped in copper sulphate solution, the displacement reaction takes place. The colour of copper sulphate solution fades due to the formation of light green solution of iron sulphate.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Intext Questions Page 13 Q1

Question 2
Give an example of a double displacement reaction other than the one given in Activity 1.10 (NCERT Text Book).
Answer:
Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid react to form sodium chloride and water.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Intext Questions Page 13 Q2

Question 3
Identify the substances that are oxidised and the substances which are reduced in the following reactions.
(i) 4Na(s) + O2(g) → 2Na2O(s)
(ii) CuO (s) + H2(g) → Cu (s) + H2O(l)
Answer:
(i) Substances oxidised is Na as it gains oxygen and oxygen is reduced.
(ii) Substances reduced is Cu as hydrogen is oxidised as it gains oxygen.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Textbook Chapter End Questions

Question 1
Which of the statements about the reaction below are incorrect ?
2 PbO(s) + C(s) → 2Pb (s) + CO2(g)
(a) Lead is getting reduced.
(b) Carbon dioxide is getting oxidised.
(c) Carbon is getting oxidised.
(d) Lead oxide is getting reduced.

(i) (a) and (b)
(ii) (a) and (c)
(iii) (a), (b) and (c)
(iv) All
Answer:
(i) (a) and (b)

Question 2
Fe2O3 + 2Al → Al2O3 + 2Fe
The above reaction is an example of a
(a) combination reaction
(b) double displacement reaction
(c) decomposition reaction
(d) displacement reaction
Answer:
(d) Displacement reaction.

Question 3
What happens when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to iron filings ? Tick the correct answer :
(a) Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced.
(b) Chlorine gas and iron hydroxide are produced.
(c) No reaction takes place.
(d) Iron salt and water are produced.
Answer:
(a) Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced.

Question 4
What is a balanced chemical equation ? Why should chemical equations be balanced ?
Answer:
A balanced chemical equation has an equal number of atoms of different elements in the reactants and products.
The chemical equations should be balanced to satisfy the law of conservation of mass.

Question 5
Translate the following statements into chemical equations and then balance them.
(a) Hydrogen gas combines with nitrogen to form ammonia.
(b) Hydrogen sulphide gas burns in air to give water and sulphur dioxide.
(c) Barium chloride reacts with aluminium sulphate to give aluminium chloride and a precipitate of barium sulphate.
(d) Potassium metal reacts with water to give potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
Answer:
(a) 3H2 (g) + N2 (g) → 2NH3 (g)
(b) H2S (g) + 3O2 (g) → SO2 (g) + 2H2O(l)
(c) 3BaCl2 (aq) + Al2(SO4)3 (aq) → 2AlCl3 (aq) + 3BaSO4 ↓(s)
(d) 2K (s) + 2H2O (l) → 2KOH (aq) + H2 (g)

Question 6
Balance the following chemical equations :
(a) HNO3 + Ca (OH)2 → Ca (NO3)2 + H2O
(b) NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2O
(c) NaCl + AgNO3 → AgCl + NaNO3
(d) BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + HCl
Answer:
(a) 2HNO3 + Ca(OH)2 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O
(b) 2NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
(c) NaCl + AgNO3 → AgCl + NaNO3
(d) BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2HCl

Question 7
Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions :
(a) Calcium hydroxide + Carbon dioxide → Calcium carbonate + Water
(b) Zinc + Silver nitrate → Zinc nitrate + Silver
(c) Aluminium + Copper chloride → Aluminium chloride + Copper
(d) Barium chloride + Potassium sulphate → Barium sulphate + Potassium chloride
Answer:
(a) Ca (OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O
(b) Zn + 2AgNO3 → Zn(NO3)2 + 2 Ag
(c) 2Al + 3 CuCl2 → 2AlCl3 + 3 Cu
(d) BaCl2 + K2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2KCl

Question 8
Write the balanced chemical equation for the following and identify the type of reaction in each case :
(a) Potassium bromide (aq) + Barium iodide (aq) → Potassium iodide (aq) + Barium
(b) Zinc carbonate(s) → Zinc oxide (s) + Carbon dioxide (g) bromide(s)
(c) Hydrogen (g) + Chloride (g) → Hydrogen chloride (g)
(d) Magnesium (s) + Hydrochloric acid (aq) → Magnesium chloride (aq) + Hydrogen (g)
Answer:
(a) 2KBr (aq) + Bal2(aq) → 2Kl(aq) + BaBr2(s)
Type : Double displacement reaction

(b) ZnCO3 (s) → ZnO (s) + CO2 (g)
Type : Decomposition reaction

(c) H2 (g) + Cl2 (g) → 2HCl(g)
Type : Combination reaction

(d) Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)
Type : Displacement reaction

Question 9
What does one mean by exothermic and endothermic reactions ? Give examples.
Answer:
Exothermic reactions : Those reactions in which heat is evolved are known as exothermic reactions. An exothermic reaction is indicated by writing “+ Heat”on the products side of an equation.
Example :
(i) C (s) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + Heat
(ii) N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) → 2NH3 (g) + Heat

Endothermic reactions : Those reactions in which heat is absorbed are known as endothermic reactions. An endothermic reaction is usually indicated by writing “Heat” on the product side of a chemical equation.
Examples :
(i) C (s) + 2S (s) → CS2 (l) – Heat
(ii) N2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2NO(g) – Heat

Question 10
Why is respiration considered an exothermic reaction ? Explain.
Answer:
Respiration is an exothermic process because during respiration glucose combines with oxygen in the cells of our body to form carbon dioxide and water along with the production of energy.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Chapter End Questions Q10

Question 11
Why are decomposition reactions called the opposite of combination reactions? Write equations for these reactions.
Answer:
In a decomposition reaction, a single compound breaks down to produce two or more simpler substances.
For example:
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Chapter End Questions Q11

While, in a combination reaction, two or more substances simply combine to form a new substance.
For example:
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Chapter End Questions Q11.1

Question 12
Write one equation each for the decomposition reactions where energy is supplied in the form of heat, light or electricity.
OR
Decomposition reactions require energy either in the form of heat or light or electricity for breaking down the reactants. Write one equation each for decomposition reactions where energy is supplied in the form of heat, light and electricity. [CBSE 2015 (Delhi)]
Answer:
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Chapter End Questions Q12

Question 13
What is the difference between displacement and double displacement reactions? Write equations for these reactions.
Answer:
In displacement reactions, a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from its solution. For example,
Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) → Cu(s) + FeSO4(aq)
This is a displacement reaction where iron displaces copper from its solution.
In double displacement reactions, two reactants in solution exchange their ions. For example,
AgNO3(aq) + NaCl (aq) → AgCl(s) + NaNO3 (aq)
This is a double displacement reaction where silver nitrate and sodium chloride exchange Cl and NO3 ions between them.

Question 14
In the refining of silver, the recovery of silver from silver nitrate solution involved displacement by copper metal. Write down the reaction involved.
Answer:
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Chapter End Questions Q14

Question 15
What do you mean by a precipitation reaction ? Explain by giving examples.
Answer:
A reaction in which an insoluble solid called precipitate is formed that separates from the solution is called a precipitation reaction.
Example : When a solution of iron (III) chloride and ammonium hydroxide are mixed, a brown precipitate of iron (III) hydroxide is formed.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Chapter End Questions Q15

Question 16
Explain the following in terms of gain or loss of oxygen with two examples each:
(a) Oxidation and
(b) Reduction.
Answer:
(a) Oxidation : The addition of oxygen to a substance is called oxidation.
Example :
(i) S(s) + O2(g) → SO2(g) (Addition of oxygen to sulphur)
(ii) 2Mg(s) + O2 (g) → 2MgO(s) (Addition of oxygen to magnesium)

(b) Reduction : The removal of oxygen from a substance is called reduction.
Example: (i) CuO + H2 \(\underrightarrow { Heat }\) Cu + H2O
Here, copper oxide is being reduced to copper because oxygen gets removed from copper oxide.

(ii) ZnO + C → Zn + CO
Here, zinc oxide is being reduced to zinc because oxygen gets removed from zinc oxide.

Question 17
A shiny brown coloured element ‘X’ on heating in air becomes black in colour. Name the element ‘X’ and the black coloured compound formed.
Answer:
Element ‘X’ is copper (Cu).
The black coloured compound is copper oxide (CuO). The reaction involved is
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Chapter End Questions Q17

Question 18
Why do we apply paint on iron articles ?
Answer:
Paint does not allow iron articles to come in contact with air, water and saves iron articles from damage due to rusting.

Question 19
Oil and fat containing food items are flushed with nitrogen. Why ?
Answer:
To keep food items fresh and save from getting oxidised, food items are flushed with nitrogen.

Question 20
Explain the following terms with one example each (a) Corrosion, (b) Rancidity.
Answer:
(a) Corrosion : It is the process in which metals are eaten up gradually by the action of air, moisture or a chemical (such as an acid) on their surface.
Example : When iron is exposed to moist air for a long period of time, its surface acquires a coating of a brown, flaky substance called rust. Rust is mainly hydrated iron (III) oxide [Fe2O3.xH20].
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Chapter End Questions Q20

(b) Rancidity : The condition produced by aerial oxidation of fats and oils in foods marked by unpleasant smell and taste is called rancidity.
Rancidity spoils the food materials prepared in fats and oils which have been kept for a considerable time and makes them unfit for eating.
Rancidity can be prevented by adding anti-oxidants to foods containing fats and oils. It can also be prevented by flushing fat and oil containing foods with nitrogen before sealing.

Board CBSE
Textbook NCERT
Class Class 10
Subject Science
Chapter Chapter 1
Chapter Name Chemical Reactions and Equations
Number of Questions Solved 28
Category NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science (Chemistry) Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science. Here we have given Class 10 Science NCERT Solutions Chapter 1.

Question 1
Which of the given statements about the reaction below are incorrect?
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Q1
a. Lead is getting reduced
b. Carbon dioxide is getting oxidised
c. Carbon is getting oxidised
d. Lead oxide is getting reduced
(i) (a) and (b)
(ii) (a) and (c)
(iii) (a), (b) and (c)
(iv) all
Solution:
(i) (a) and (b)

Question 2
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Q2
The above reaction is an example of a
(i). Combination reaction
(ii). Double displacement reaction
(iii). Decomposition reaction
(iv). Displacement reaction
Solution:
(iv) Displacement reaction

Question 3
What happens when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to iron fillings? Tick the correct answer.
a. Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced
b. Chlorine gas and iron hydroxide are produced
c. No reaction takes place
d Iron salt and water are produced
Solution:
Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced

Download NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations PDF

Question 4
What is a balanced chemical equation? Why should chemical equations be balanced?
Solution:
An equation for a chemical reaction is an equation in which the number of atoms for each element in the reaction and the total charge is the same for both the reactants and the products. In other words, the mass and the charge are balanced on both sides of the reaction.

Question 5
Translate the following statements into chemical equations and then balance them.
a. Hydrogen gas combines with nitrogen to form ammonia
b. Hydrogen sulfide gas burns in air to give water and sulfur dioxide
c. Barium chloride reacts with Aluminium sulfate to give Aluminium chloride and a precipitate of barium sulphate
d. Potassium metal reacts with water to give a potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas
Solution:
a. 3H2 + N2 → 2NH3
b. 2H2S + 3O2 → 2H2O + 2SO2
c. 3BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 → 2AlCl3 + 3BaSO4
d. 2K + 2H2O → 2KOH + H2

Question 6
Balance the following chemical equations.
a. HNO3 + Ca(OH)2 → Ca(NO3)2 + H2O
b.NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2O
C. NaCl + AgNO3 → AgCl + NaNO3
d. BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + HCl
Solution:
a. 2HNO3 + 2Ca(OH)2 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O
b. 6NaOH + 3H2SO4 → 3Na2SO4 + 6H2O
C. NaCl + AgNO3 → AgCI + NaNO3
d. BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2HCl

Question 7
Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions:
(a) Calcium hydroxide + Carbon dioxide → Calcium carbonate + Water(b) Zinc + Silver nitrate → Zinc nitrate + Silver(c) Aluminium + Copper chloride → Aluminium chloride + Copper(d) Barium chloride + Potassium sulphate → Barium sulphate + Potassium chlorideAnswer:(a) Ca (OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O(b) Zn + 2AgNO3 → Zn(NO3)2 + 2 Ag(c) 2Al + 3 CuCl2 → 2AlCl3 + 3 Cu(d) BaCl2 + K2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2KCl

Question 8
Write the balanced chemical equation for the following and identify the type of reaction of each case.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Q8
Solution:
a. 2KBr + BaI2 → 2KI + BaBr2 — Double Displacement reaction
b. ZnCO3 → ZnO + CO2 — Decomposition reaction
c. H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl — Combination reaction
d. Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2 — Displacement reaction

Question 9
What is meant by exothermic and endothermic reactions? Give examples.
Solution:
An exothermic reaction is one that releases heat.
If 1 mole of N2 molecule reacts with 1 mole of O2 molecule, the heat of 184 KJ has to be supplied to initiate the reaction to give 1 mole of NO molecule. This means that the bonds between N – N and O – O are so strong that they do not break easily. N2 has triple covalent bond between the two N atoms. O2 has a double covalent bond. Thus energy has to be put into the reaction to break the strong bonds. Thus the above reaction is a good example of an endothermic reaction.

Question 10
Why is respiration considered an exothermic reaction?
Solution:
During respiration, glucose combines with oxygen in the cells of our body to form carbon dioxide and water along with the production of energy.
Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy
It is an exothermic reaction, because energy is produced during this process.

Question 11
Why are decomposition reactions called the opposite of combination reactions? Write equations for decomposition reactions.
Solution:
Essentially, decomposition reactions are the opposite of combination reactions. A compound decomposes (i.e., “splits-up”) into two or more compounds and/or elements. For example, mercury (II) oxide will, decompose into mercury metal and oxygen, upon heating:
2HgO →  2Hg + O2
Since heat had to be added to make this reaction occur, it is an endothermic reaction. Most decomposition reactions are endothermic. Another example of decomposition reaction is the heating of calcium carbonate (sea shells, chalk):
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Q11

Question 12
Write one equation each for decomposition reactions in which energy is supplied in the form of heat, light or electricity?
Solution:
When calcium carbonate is heated, it decomposes to give calcium oxide and carbon dioxide:
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Q12

Question 13
What is the difference between displacement and double displacement reactions? Write relevant equations for the above?
Solution:
The difference between the displacement and double displacement reactions is that in a displacement reaction one element displaces another by virtue of it being more reactive whereas in a double displacement two anions and two cations switch places between two compounds respectively.
For example:
CuSO4 (aq) + Zn(s) → ZnSO4 + Cu(s)
Blue copper sulphate solution reacting with solid zinc will give rise to colourless zinc sulphate solution and solid copper. Thus Zn displaces Cu in the salt form. Zn is more reactive than Cu.
An example of double displacement reaction is the reaction between sodium carbonate and calcium chloride, both in aqueous
Solution:
Na2CO3 (aq) + CaCl2 (aq) → CaCO3 (ppt) + 2NaCl(aq)

Question 14
In the refining of silver, the recovery of silver from silver nitrate solution involves displacement by copper metal. Write down the reaction involved.
Solution:
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Q14

Question 15
What do you mean by a precipitation reaction? Explain by giving examples:
Solution:
A precipitation reaction is a reaction in which soluble ions in separate solutions are mixed together to form an insoluble compound that settles out of solution as a solid. This insoluble compound is called a precipitate.

An example of a precipitation reaction
Aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO3), when added to a solution containing potassium chloride (KCl), precipitates a white solid, and silver chloride is observed.
AgNO3 (aq) + KCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + KNO3(aq)
The silver chloride (AgCl) has formed a solid, which is observed as a precipitate.

Question 16
A shiny brown colored element ‘X’ on heating in the air becomes black in color. Name the element ‘X’ and the black coloured compound formed.
Solution:
The shiny brown colored element X is copper metal (Cu). When copper metal is heated in air, it forms a black colored compound copper oxide. So, the black colored compound is the copper oxide or copper (II) oxide, CuO.

Question 17
Why do we apply paint on iron articles?
Solution:
Rust is a soft and porous substance, which gradually falls from the surface of an iron object, and then the iron below starts rusting. Thus, rusting of iron (or corrosion of iron) is a continuous process which, if not prevented in time, eats up the whole iron object. So, when we apply paint on iron articles it reduces the rusting of iron.

Question 18
Oil and fat containing food items are flushed with nitrogen. Why?
Solution:
Packaging fat and oil containing foods in nitrogen gas can prevent rancidity. When the fat and oil present in food materials gets oxidised (in air), their oxidation products have an unpleasant smell and taste. When it is surrounded by unreactive gas, nitrogen, there is no oxygen (of air) to cause its oxidation and make it rancid.

Question 19
Explain the following terms with one example each.
a. Corrosion
b. Rancidity
Solution:
a. Corrosion is the process in which metals are eaten up gradually by the action of air, moisture or a chemical on their surface. Corrosion is caused mainly by the oxidation of metals by the oxygen of air.
Example: Rusting of iron is the most common form of corrosion. When an iron object is left in damp air for a considerable period of time, it gets covered with a red-brown flaky substance called ‘rust’. This is called rusting of iron.
b. The condition produced by aerial oxidation of fat and oil in food which is marked by an unpleasant smell and taste is called rancidity.
Example: Rancidity can be retarded by keeping food in a refrigerator.
The refrigerator has a low temperature inside it. When the food is kept in a refrigerator, the oxidation of fat and oil in it is slowed down due to low temperature. So, the development of rancidity due to oxidation is retarded.

Question 20
Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air?
Solution:
To remove the oxide layer and facilitates rapid burning.

Question 21
Write the balanced equation for the following chemical reactions.
i. Hydrogen + Chloride → Hydrogen chloride
ii. Barium chloride + Aluminium sulphate → Barium sulphate + Aluminium chloride
iii. Sodium + water → Sodium hydroxide + Hydrogen
Solution:
i. H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl
ii. 3BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 → 3BaSO4 + 2AlCl3
iii. 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2

Question 22
Write a balanced chemical equation and state symbols for the following reactions.
a. Solutions of barium chloride and sodium sulphate in water react to give insoluble barium sulphate and the solution of sodium chloride
b. Sodium hydroxide solution (in water) reacts with hydrochloric acid solution (in water) to produce sodium chloride solution and water.
Solution:
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Q22

Question 23
A solution of a substance ‘X’ is used for white washing.
Name the substance ‘X’ and write its formula.
(i) Write the reaction of the substance ‘X; named in (ii) above with water
Solution:
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Q23

Question 24
Why does the colour of copper sulphate solution change when an iron nail is dipped into it?
Solution:
In this reaction, iron displaces copper from copper sulphate solution. The deep blue colour of copper sulphate solution fades due to the formation of light green solution of iron sulphate. A red-brown coating of copper metal is formed on the surface of the iron metal. This displacement reaction occurs because iron is more reactive than copper.

Question 25
Identify the substances that are oxidised and the substances that are reduced in the following reactions.
i. 4Na(s) + O2 (g) → 2Na2O(s)
ii. CuO(s) + H2(g) → Cu(s) + H2O(l)
Solution:
i. 4Na(s) + O2 (g) → 2Na2O(s)
Here oxygen is added to sodium. The addition of oxygen is Called oxidation. So the substance that is oxidized is sodium Na.
ii. CuO(s) + H2(g) → Cu(s) + H2O(l)

In this reaction, copper oxide (CuO) gives the oxygen required for the oxidation of hydrogen; therefore, copper oxide is the oxidizing agent. Hydrogen is responsible for removing oxygen from copper oxide; therefore, hydrogen is the reducing agent here.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 (MCQs) [1 Mark each]

Question 1.
When crystals of lead nitrate are heated strongly in a dry test tube
(a) crystals immediately melt
(b) a brown residue is left
(c) white fumes appear in the test tube
(d) a yellow residue is left
Answer:
(b)Pungent smelling, brown fumes are evolved due to NO2 gas and brown coloured residue of lead oxide (PbO) is left.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations MCQs Q1

Question 2.
A dilute ferrous sulphate solution was gradually added to the beaker containing acidified permanganate solution. The light purple colour of the solution fades and finally disappears. Which of the following is the correct explanation for the observation? [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) KMnO4 is an oxidising agent, it oxidises FeSO4
(b) FeSO4 acts as an oxidising agent and oxidises KMnO4
(c) The colour disappears due to dilution, no reaction is involved
(d) KMnO4 is an unstable compound and decomposes in the presence of FeSO4 to a colourless compound
Answer:
(a)Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) in the presence of dil. H2SO4, i.e. in acidic medium, acts as a strong oxidising agent. In acidic medium, KMnO4 oxidises ferrous sulphate to ferric sulphate.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations MCQs Q2

Question 3.
Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to granulated zinc taken in a test tube. The following observations are recorded. Point out the correct observation.
(a) The surface of metal becomes shining
(b) The reaction mixture turns milky
(c) Odour of a pungent smelling gas is recorded
(d) A colourless and odourless gas is evolved
Answer:
(d)Zinc metal reacts with dil. HCl to form zinc chloride and bubbles of colourless and odourless hydrogen gas is evolved.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations MCQs Q3

Question 4.
When a magnesium ribbon is burnt in air, the ash formed is
(a) black
(b) white
(c) yellow
(d) pink
Answer:
(b)When a Mg ribbon is burnt in air, the ash formed is of magnesium oxide which is white in colour.
2Mg(r) + O2(g) → 2MgO(f)

Question 5.
Three beakers labelled as A, B and C each containing 25 mL of water were taken. A small amount of NaOH, anhyd. CuSO4 and NaCl were added to the beakers A, B and C, respectively. It was observed that there was an increase in the temperature of the solutions contained in beakers A and B whereas, in case of beaker C, the temperature of the solution falls. Which one of the following statements is/are correct?
I. In beakers A and B, exothermic process has occurred.
II. In beakers A and B, endothermic process has occurred.
III. In beaker C, the exothermic process has occurred.
IV. In beaker C, endothermic process has occurred. [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) Only I
(b) Only II
(c) I and IV
(d) II and III
Answer:
(c)As in case of beakers A and B, heat is given out, so temperature became high, hence it is an exothermic reaction while in beaker C, heat is absorbed from water, so temperature falls, hence it is an endothermic process.

Question 6.
Which of the following will be required to identify the gas evolved when dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc metal?
(a) Red litmus paper
(b) pH paper
(c) Lime water
(d) A burning splinter
Answer:
(d)On reacting with dil. HCl, zinc metal forms zinc chloride and hydrogen gas is evolved. Presence of hydrogen gas can be checked by a burning splinter because Hgas burnt in a splinter with a pop sound.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations MCQs Q6

Question 7.
On immersing an iron nail in CuSO4 solution for few minutes, you will observe that
(a) no reaction takes place
(b) the colour of solution fades away
(c) the surface of iron nails acquire a black coating
(d) the colour of solution changes to green
Answer:
(b)Fe(s) + CuSO(aq) → FeSO(aq) + Cu(s)
Fe is present above in the reactivity series of metals. Hence, Fe displaces Cu from CuSO4 solution. And the colour of the solution fades away. This is an example of displacement reaction.

Question 8.
What happens when ferrous sulphate crystals are heated? [CCE 2014]
(a) A gas having the smell of burning sulphur is evolved
(b) No gas is evolved
(c) Brown coloured gas is evolved
(d) Colourless and odourless gas is evolved
Answer:
(a)The green colour of ferrous sulphate crystals changes to brownish black ferric oxide and smell of burning sulphur is evolved due to SO2 and SO3.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations MCQs Q8

Question 9.
The colour of the precipitate formed when barium chloride solution is mixed with sodium sulphate solution is [CCE 2014]
(a) blue
(b) black
(c) white
(d) green
Answer:
(c)This is an example of a double displacement reaction and a white precipitate of barium sulphate is formed.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations MCQs Q9

Question 10.
How the colour changes when the gases after thermal decomposition of ferrous sulphate come in contact with an acidified solution of potassium dichromate?
(a) Green to orange
(b) Red to colorless
(c) Orange to green
(d) Blue to green

Answer:
(c) The color changes from orange to green due to the formation of iron (III) sulphate

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations (Hindi Medium)

10 Science Chapter 1 Solutions in hindi medium free
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10 Science Chapter 1 Solutions all question answers
Class 10 Science - Chemistry Solutions
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations (Hindi Medium) 9
10 Science Chapter 1 Solutions
10 Science Chapter 1 page 15 Question answers
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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Exercises all question answers
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Exercises guide free
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Hindi Medium
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Exercises answers in pdf form

Class 10 Science Chemical Reactions and Equations Mind Map

Chemical Equation

The representation of chemical reaction by means of symbols of substances in the form of formulae is called chemical equation.
For example N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3

Balanced Chemical Equation

A balanced chemical equation has equal number of atom of each element participating in the reaction on both left and right hand sides of the reaction.
According to Law of Conservation of Mass, total mass of the elements present in the products of a chemical reaction has to be equal to the total mass of the element present in the reactants.

Balancing Of A Chemical Equation
Total No of Atoms on R.H.S = Total no of Atoms on L.H.S.
Fe3O4 T H2 → Fe + H20
[Fe] Fe3O2 + H2 → 3Fe + H20
[0] Fe3O4 + H2 → 3Fe + 4H20
[H] Fe3O4 + 4H2 → 3Fe + 4H20

Oxidation In Everyday Life

Rusting
When iron reacts with oxygen and moisture it forms a red substance called rust.

Corrosion
Metals on coming in contact with oxygen, water, acids or gases presents in air changes its surface. This is called corrosion for e.g. black coating on silver and green coating on copper.
Prevention – painting, galvanization, oiling, greasing

Rancidity
Oil and fats on exposure to air show a change in taste and smell. This property is known as rancidity.
Prevention – adding antioxidants, Vacuum packing, refrigeration, flushing food with nitrogen

Types Of Chemical Reactions

The transformation of chemical substance into a new chemical substance by making and breaking of bonds between different atom is known a chemical reaction.

Combination Reaction
When two elements or one compound and one element or two compounds combine to form a new product.
Foi example
• H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl
• Zn + CuS04 → ZnS04 + Cu
• NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2O

Exothermic Reactions
Reactions producing energy are called exothermic reactions.
Most of the combination reactions are exothermic in nature.
For example : CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2 + Heat

Oxidation
Gain of oxygen or removal of hydrogen is called oxidation eg.
• Zn + O2 → ZnO
• Mn + HCl → MnCl2 + H2

Reduction
Gain of hydrogen or removal of oxygen is called reduction.
e.g. CuO + H2 → Cu + H20

Redox Reactions
A chemical reaction in which both oxidation and reduction takes place simultaneously are called redox reactions.
For example
CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O

Decomposition Reaction
When a compound-split into two or more simple products for example
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Mind Map 1
Decomposition reaction require energy either in the form of heat, light or electricity for decomposing the reactions

Endothermic Reactions
Reactions which require energy to occur are known as endothermic reactions.
For example:
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Mind Map 2

Displacement Reactions
It takes place when a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal. For Example:
Fe + CuSO4 → FeSO4 + Cu

Double Displacement Reactions
In this reactions ions are exchanged between two reactants and forming new compounds.

Precipitation Reaction :
In some reactions, an insoluble mass is formed which is known as precipitate and such reactions are called precipitation reaction.
For Example
Na2SO4 + BaCl2 → 2NaCl + BaSO4 Precipitate

Features of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Chapter 1 Science Chemical Reactions and Equations Students can get comprehensive practice of balancing different kinds of equations.

  • Find out how to create a balanced chemical equation and learn about chemical reactions with CBSE Class 10 Chemistry learning resources.
  • NCERT Solution will help you write different chemical equation appropriately Helps you get thorough practice of solving questions of varied difficulty before facing the main examination.
  • Our comprehensive set of study materials acts as a perfect guide when doing homework and preparing for the examination.
  • On LearnCBSE.in, our experts support you to understand chemistry with CBSE Class 10 Chemistry such as CBSE Class 10 Chemistry notes, MCQs and NCERT solutions as per the latest syllabus.

With LearnCBSE.in NCERT Solutions Learning App in your Mobile, you will get to attend FREE LIVE Master – Classes and FREE Conceptual videos. Get 100 percent accurate NCERT Book Solution for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 (Chemical Reactions and Equations) explained by expert Science teachers.

Thorough knowledge and good practice will help you score full marks on the questions asked in this chapter.  Learning the fundamentals of Chemistry in CBSE Class 10 is now easy.

Now that you are provided all the necessary information regarding NCERT Solutions for 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and we hope this detailed NCERT Solutions are helpful. Students can also check out NCERT Books, CBSE Syllabus, CBSE Sample Papers, RD Sharma Solutions at LearnCBSE.in for free.

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MCQ Questions of all subjects for Classes 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 (2020-21 Syllabus)

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Download MCQ Questions of all subjects for Classes 6 to 12 from here. CBSE Board has brought a major modification in the Exam Pattern and plans to introduce more MCQ Questions with Answers in the Board Exams. Multiple Choice Questions will have considerable weightage in the Board Exams. Students might feel it unchallenging and feel relaxed as they don’t have to attempt the lengthy descriptive answers. Cracking the MCQs still needs a lot of practice and hard work.  Answering the Objective Type Questions needs a lot of Critical Thinking.

We will help students to prepare effectively with the Classwise MCQ Quiz Questions for all subjects. CBSE board combines questions from different topics of the subjects covered in NCERT Textbooks. Thus, in order to score good marks in the exam, be thorough with the textbooks, and practice the list of Objective Questions Compiled in PDF links.

MCQ Questions with Answers for Class 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1 all Subjects

Computer MCQ Questions

MCQ Questions for Class 6 with Answers

MCQ Questions for Class 7 with Answers

MCQ Questions for Class 8 with Answers

MCQ Questions for Class 9 with Answers

MCQ Questions for Class 10 with Answers

MCQ Questions for Class 12 with Answers

MCQ Questions for Class 11 with Answers

MCQ Questions with Answers PDF Download

Download CBSE Board Multiple Choice Questions Classwise

Practice the Multiple Choice Questions of all the Subjects to test your understanding of important topics in Chapters. Download Latest Multiple Choice Questions with Answers for Classes 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 in PDF for free. The Objective type questions over here will cover the important topics of all the subjects.

Click on the direct links to download CBSE Objective Type Questions Subjectwise for various Classes. You can use them during your preparation as a reference and score max. marks in the exam. The Multiple Choice Questions with Answers are as per the Latest Guidelines issued by the CBSE. Objective Questions prevailing here are as per the Latest NCERT Syllabus. You can rely on them completely as they are present to you after enormous research.

MCQ Questions with Answers PDF Download

We in this article will cover MCQ Questions for Class 12 with Answers PDF Download for subjects Maths, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Accountancy, and Business Studies. Multiple Choice Questions prevailing here are based on the CBSE Syllabus and NCERT Textbooks. Download Objective Type Questions for all subjects for Classes 6 to 12 in PDF format.

When it comes to CBSE Class 10 we have Multiple Choice Questions for Maths, Science, and Social. Get to know the CBSE Objective Type Questions for Classes 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 in PDF Format of all subjects by referring to the further modules. You can download the necessary study material & notes for free of cost by accessing the direct links on our page.

MCQ Quiz Questions for CBSE Class 6 to Class 12

If you are preparing for CBSE Board Exams try having a look at the Objective Type Questions existing. You can rely on them as they are collected from the Past CBSE Sample Question Papers. Give them the utmost importance and cover all the topics in a smart way. Access the direct links to download MCQ Questions for CBSE from here and download them for free. If you wish you can visit our site and view them online too during your preparation.

Tips to keep in mind while answering MCQ Questions

The following are the Tips and Tricks while attempting the Objective Type Questions for Classes 6 to 12. These handy and useful tips can definitely help you to stand out from the crowd. Use these strategies to solve MCQ’s efficiently and fast, answer like a pro.

  • Accelerate your mind before the start.
  • Read the questions cautiously and then answer.
  • Do not try to solve everything in one go.
  • Take half to one-minute breaks if possible.
  • Learn as many short-cuts as you can and apply them in the examination.
  • Use the method of elimination.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is the best strategy while answering Multiple Choice Questions of Board Exams?

The best strategy to keep in mind while attempting MCQs in board exams is to try reading the question several times. Use the method of elimination and answer the question correctly.

2. Where can I get CBSE Classwise Multiple Choice Questions and Answers?

There are plenty of resources out there on the web that provides you MCQ Questions and Answers. However, you can find them on our site and direct links to access them are given for your convenience.

3. How should I Prepare for the MCQs of CBSE Board Exams?

Just reading will never reach you to your goal. Hence, ensure you read the Multiple Choice Quiz Questions well and practice them ahead by writing down the answer. Sample papers can guide in understanding how to speed up your writing. Moreover, answering MCQs and practicing continuously will help in gaining a grip on the answers and solving them better.

4. How do I study for Objective Questions or MCQs?

Firstly, try solving as many questions as you can. This is only possible if you are thorough with the concepts. Secondly, if you are unable to solve any quiz questions try eliminating the options and this will also work great while studying MCQs.

5. Where can I find all of the MCQ Questions for Class 6 to Class 12?

You can get the Objective Questions for Classes 6 to 12 from our page and use them as a reference to score well.

Conclusion

Hope, you got enough idea on the MCQ Questions for Classes 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. Aid your preparation with the Objective Questions listed and score more marks. For any other queries feel free to reach us and we will assist you at the earliest possible. Bookmark our site for more information on Objective Type or Quiz Questions.

The post MCQ Questions of all subjects for Classes 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 (2020-21 Syllabus) appeared first on Learn CBSE.

Noun Exercises for Class 7 CBSE With Answers

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Definition: A noun is a part of speech that is used to name a person, place, thing, quality, or action. Examples: Mango, girl, boy, cat, etc.

Any name given to a person, thing, animal or place is called a noun.

Looking for an easy way to Learning of new elementary english grammar and composition for class 7 answers, Solutions. You have to learn basic English Grammar topics like Tenses Verbs, Nouns, etc… In this article, we will review the best English Grammer Topics and compare them against each other.

Noun Exercises for Class 7 CBSE With Answers Pdf

Nouns are words used to refer to objects, places and living things. Some nouns also refer to feelings and emotions. Nouns can be divided into several categories:

  • Proper and Common Nouns
  • Countable and Uncountable Nouns
  • Abstract and Concrete Nouns
  • Collective Nouns

Fundamentals:
A noun is a naming word. It is the name of a person, place, thing or a state of being.

There are different kinds of nouns:

Common Noun:
A common noun is a general, ordinary name of a person, place, animal, thing or event. A list of Common Noun

  • Girl, boy, sister, brother, player, singer (Person)
  • Hospital, country, town, park, garden (Thing)
  • Bird, lion, elephant, hen, rabbit (animals and birds)
  • Cartoon show, concert, Football match (Animal)
  • Ship, book, house, bag, pen (things)

Proper Noun:
A name used for an individual person, place, or organization, spelled with an initial capital letter.

  • Arun, Akbar, Rajan, Mary (persons)
  • Sony Television, Lipton Tea (things)
  • Agra, Paris, Singapore (places)
  • Common wealth Games, Olympic Games (Events)

Collective Nouns:
Used for a collection of people or things.
A list of Collective Noun

  • a bunch of flowers
  • a flock of sheeps
  • a library of books.

Abstract Nouns:
Describes a concept, feeling or emotion.
A list of Abstract Noun

  • Childhood (the state of being a child)
  • Fighting (the action being involved in fight)
  • Richness (the state of being rich)
  • Flight (the action being involved in flying)

There are two numbers for nouns in English language.

  • Singular Number: A noun is said to be in the singular number, if it refers to one person, place or thing.
  • Plural Number: A noun is said to be in the plural number, if it refers to more than one person, place or thing

Formation of Plurals:
There are certain rules to change singular nouns to plural. Let us learn about them.

Example:

Train Trains
House Houses
Gas Gases
Dress Dress
Fly Flies
Baby Babies
Toy Toys
Valley Valleys
Shelf Shelves
Leaf Leaves

Noun Exercises With Answers for Class 7 CBSE

A. Underline the Common Nouns in the following sentences.

1. They arrived early but at the wrong station.
2. We counted only six different colours in the rainbow.
3. The man was trying to steal a horse with a cart full of apples.
4. They have gone to the zoo to see the black bear.

B. Underline the nouns in the following sentences.

Questions:
1. The book was lying on the table.
2. Love begets love.
3. We cannot live without water.
4. Alcohol is injurious to health.
5. Smoking is a bad habit.
6. Wild animals live in forests.
7. All the girls were singing.
8. Gold is a precious metal.
9. Rice is the staple food of South Indians
10. Mankind should love nature.
11. We get wool from sheep.
Answer:
1. The book was lying on the table.
2. Love begets love.
3. We cannot live without water.
4. Alcohol is injurious to health.
5. Smoking is a bad habit.
6. Wild animals live in forests.
7. All the girls were singing.
8. Gold is a precious metal.
9. Rice is the staple food of South Indians.
10. Mankind should love nature.
11. We get wool from sheep.

C. Form Abstract Nouns from the following words. The first one has been done for you.
1. man
manhood

2. know
3. long
4. brother
5. scholar
6. sell
7. strong
8. lose
9. king
10. think
11. wise
12. great

D. Fill in the blanks with Abstract noun.

1. The library is a completely silent place. The library is a place of complete _______________
2. The attic is a dirty room. The attic is filled with _______________
3. She was a famous singer. She first won _______________ as a singer.
4. I heard the joyful news. I could have shouted with _______________
5. The lake is deep. What is the _______________ of the lake?

E. Fill in each blank with the correct collective noun.

1. A _______________ of birds flew over our heads.
2. He saw a _______________ of roaring lions in his dream.
3. The farmer thinks he has the biggest _______________ of cattle in his farm.
4. He ate a _______________ of grapes all by himself.
5. Our friend likes to show off his _______________ of stamps.

F. Rewrite the following sentences in plural form.

1. A passerby stops to watch a dwarf performs a dance.
_____________________________________________
2. She likes to cook spicy octopus with tomato.
_____________________________________________
3. My mother-in-law owns a buffalo.
_____________________________________________
4. The trio has been playing a piano for an hour.
_____________________________________________
5. The child’s pet is a gold fish.
_____________________________________________

G.Choose the correct noun the given option and fill in the blank.

1. The cat is sitting on my _______ (bed/beds)
2. There are five _______ on my desk. (pencil pencils)
3. I have two _______ (sister/sisters)
4. They are riding their _______ (bike/bikes)
5. We have a _______ (dog/dogs)
6. How many _______ so you have in your bag? (book/books)
7. My mother has a new _______ (computer/computers)
8. There are three windows in the _______ (room/rooms)
9. Susan has four _______ on the floor. (pen/pens)
10. There is one _______ (poster/posters)
Answer:
1. bed
2. pencils
3. sisters
4. bikes
5. dog
6. books
7. computer
8. room
9. posters
10. pen

H. Change the nouns in bold from the masculine to feminine. The first one has been done for you.

1. The manager is still a bachelor.
The manageress is still a spinster.

2. In the movie, the tiger was killed by the hero.
__________________________________
3. His son-in-law is a steward.
__________________________________
4. The count has one brother.
__________________________________
5. The author is writing a book about the emperor.
__________________________________

Practice Questions on Nouns For Class 7 and Solutions

Question 1:
In the sentences given below identify nouns and state what type of noun it is.

  1.  A dog likes to eat bread.
  2.  Police have given a grand party to public.
  3.  The monitor told the class to keep mum.
  4.  Hari likes to read Indian story always.
  5.  The Ganga flows from the Himalayas.
  6.  A Bengal tiger looks great.
  7.  A man was standing there.
  8.  Players were playing football.
  9.  Oranges are a costly fruit.
  10.  Eggs were broken by a boy.

Solution:

  1.  Noun dog                 Common noun
    Noun bread              Common noun
  2.  Noun police             Collective
    Common noun
    Noun public             Collective noun
  3.  Noun monitor        Common noun
    Noun class              Collective noun
    Noun mum              Abstract noun
  4.  Noun Hari              Proper noun
    Noun Indian story                 Proper noun
  5.  Noun Ganga, Himalaya         Proper Noun
  6.  Noun Bengal tiger                   Proper noun
  7.  Noun Man                               Common noun
  8.  Noun Players                         Common noun
    Noun Football                         Proper noun
  9.  Noun Oranges                        Proper noun
    Noun Fruit                               Common noun
  10.  Noun Eggs                              Common noun
    (Countable)
    Noun Boy                                Common noun

Question 2:
In the sentences given below some nouns are countable and some are uncountable. Find the noun and state what type it is.

  1.  Hari bought rice and pulse for himself.
  2.  Maruti is selling a number of cars.
  3.  The forest has many trees to cut.
  4.  Cow gives us milk to drink.
  5.  Labourer works hard to finish the work.
  6.  I love the sweets that are attractive.
  7.  Water is a very precious mineral.
  8.  The apples he bought were very raw.
  9.  There are many ways to solve a question.
  10.  A stampede occurred yesterday due to the crowd.

Solution:

  1.  Uncountable pulse, rice (Material noun)
  2.  Countable car (Common noun)
  3.  Countable trees (Common noun)
  4.  Countable cow (Common noun)
    Uncountable milk (Material noun)
  5.  Countable laborer (Common noun)
    Uncountable work
  6. Uncountable sweets (Common noun)
  7.  Uncountable water (Material noun)
  8.  Countable apples (Proper noun)
  9.  Countable many ways, question (Common noun)
  10.  Countable crowd (Collective noun)

Question 3:
Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

  1.  A swarm of ………… are flying all around.
  2.  A …………… of musicians were performing.
  3.  Farmers keep a ……….. of buffaloes.
  4.  A …………. of girls could be seen here always.
  5.  The house was on the target by a gang of ……………
  6.  The board of ………….. decided to postpone it.
  7.  Mr Arora  booked ………….. of rooms in a hotel.
  8.  A troop of ………….. looks elegant on the go.
  9.  Forests show you a clump of …………..
  10.  The minister crossed with a heavy fleet of …………..

Solution:

  1.  bees
  2.  band
  3.  herd
  4.  bevy
  5.  thieves
  6. directors
  7.  a suite
  8. lions
  9.  trees
  10. cars

Question 4:
Make the plurals of the nouns given below.

  1.  Owl
  2.  Prime Minister
  3.  Goat
  4. Brush
  5.  Key
  6.  Negro
  7.  Kiss
  8.  Dish
  9.  Lady
  10.  Dwarf
  11.  Farmer
  12. Queen
  13.  Step-son
  14.  Louse
  15.  Cargo

Solution:

  1.  Owls
  2.  Prime Ministers
  3.  Goats
  4.  Brushes
  5.  Keys
  6. Negroes
  7.  Kisses
  8. Dishes
  9.  Ladies
  10.  Dwarfs
  11.  Farmers
  12.  Queens
  13.  Step-sons
  14. Lice
  15.  Cargoes

Question 5:
Match the following.
Nouns Worksheet For Class 7
Solution:
(i)  (d)       (ii) (a)
(iii) (e)      (iv) (b)
(v) (c)

Question 6:
Fill in the blanks using the opposite gender of the noun given in the bracket.

  1.  She likes the ………… of this movie. (hero)
  2.  It is a ritual to ride a ………….. during the wedding procession. (horse)
  3.  Farmers keep the …………. for the production of egg. (cock)
  4.  The …………. didn’t respond to the call, (waitress)
  5.  The …………. killed the wild beast easily. (huntress)
  6.  A …………… can give birth to four puppies, (dog)
  7.  Life for a ………….. is luxurious. (queen)
  8.  The ………….. presented his poems. (poetess)
  9.  Katrina is a beautiful …………… (actor)
  10.  The …………. delivers milk to us daily, (milkman)

Solution:

  1.  heroine
  2.  mare
  3.  hen
  4.  waiter
  5.  hunter
  6.  bitch
  7.  king
  8.  poet
  9.  actress
  10.  milkmaid

Question 7:
In the given sentences identify the case of the noun.

  1.  Prime Minister is going to Japan today.
  2.  Flowers smell so good.
  3.  Father teaches the child in the night.
  4.  Mohit is busy with school’s work.
  5.  The judge will sentence the thief later.
  6.  Anshu refused this on conscience’s call.
  7.  Vijay decorates the house beautifully.
  8. Jenifer’s decision can’t be changed now.
  9.  Sadhna is listening to Rahman’s music.
  10.  Umpire declared the batsman out now.

Solution:

  1.  Subject     –    Prime Minister
  2.  Subject      –   Flowers
  3.  Subject     –    Father
    Object       –    Child
  4.  Subject      –   Mohit
    Possession  –  School’s
  5.  Subject       –   The judge
    Object        –    The thief
  6.  Subject     –     Anshu
    Possession  –  Conscience’s
  7.  Subject      –   Vijay
    Object       –    House
  8. Possession  – Jenifer’s
  9. Subject      –   Sadhna
    Possession –  Rahman’s
  10.  Subject     –   Umpire
    Object     –     Batsman

The post Noun Exercises for Class 7 CBSE With Answers appeared first on Learn CBSE.

CBSE Class 9 English Letter Writing – Story Writing

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CBSE Class 9 English Letter Writing – Story Writing

Formulae Handbook for Class 9 Maths and ScienceEducational Loans in India

A story writing is an art that requires a lot of communication skills. First of all it requires the art of narrating things in an interesting way. You will be given either the introductory lines or some hints given in the input or both. You have to develop the story basing it on the information given in the input or the introductory lines. You have to develop it on the same theme as intended by the introductory lines or by the input. You can’t go against the stated theme.

You can master in English Grammar of various classes by our articles like Tenses, Clauses, Prepositions, Story writing, Unseen Passage, Notice Writing etc.

SALIENT FEATURES OF A GOOD STORY

  1. Basically, developing and writing a good story needs the art of narration. You have to narrate the incidents in a sequential order leading to the final conclusion.
  2. Students should follow the basic theme as expounded by the input or by the introductory lines. They are not supposed to invent new and different themes.
  3. Within the given limits, students are left with enough space where they can give expression to their creative talents.
  4. The beginning and the concluding lines must support the main part or the events described in the story.

* As per the CBSE syllabus, you are required to write a story in about 150-200 words.

More Resources for CBSE Class 9

Story Writing for Class 9 Solved Examples

Question 1:
Aradhna started writing a story of ‘Two Boys in a Jungle’. Due to the pressure of heavy engagements, you gave up, after writing a line or so. Taking help from the input given below and basing on the introduction Aradhna made, develop a complete story.
Veeru and Karim were young Keralites. Next week their school was going to organise a camp near a forest in Ponmuddy …
Outline: Went out to explore forest…. lost the way…….. away from the camp…….. cries of animals…… heard “thump-thump” sound……. a large elephant……. trumpted angrily ……. came towards them……… a balloon……. started blowing…….. big balloon……. hit hard with hand…… “bang-bang”…….. loud noise……. elephant turned away……. saved.
Answer:     

Two Boys in a Jungle

Veeru and Karim were young Keralites. The next week their school was going to organise a camp near a forest in Ponmuddy. The following week they joined the camp. One day they went out together. They thought of going inside the forest to explore it. Soon they lost their way. The sun had set. They were walking along the Periyar river. They heard a loud noise. They stood still and listened to it. They heard the sound of an animal coming towards them. It was the sound of a big elephant. He was just fifty metres away from them. The elephant smelled them too. He saw them standing quietly behind an oak tree. He raised his long trunk up in the air and trumpted loudly. The boys didn’t move. Veeru was a little frightened, but Karim was not. Slowly the elephant started coming nearer and nearer. Now he was only ten metres away. “Let’s do something,” said Karim. “Do it, before he attacks us,” said Veeru.
Karim pulled out a balloon from his pocket. He put it in his mouth and started blowing into the balloon. At last, it was blown to the size of a small bag. Karim hit the full blown balloon hard with his hand. “Bang-Bang!” The elephant stopped and trumpeted angrily. He was confused.The elephant turned away and disappeared into the forest. The boys ran and ran till they reached safe at the camp.

Question 2:
Sneha wanted to write a story but could not go beyond a line or two. Taking help from ,the information given below along with the lines Sneha wrote a complete story.
Mr. Aggarwal was a very wealthy businessman. One day he was alone sitting at his dining table when…
Outline: Thief entered…….. Mr. Aggarwal thanked……… to give company……. birthday ……. gave him good food and drinks…….. gave a purse full of silver coins………… years passed by……. fortunes changed…….. business was ruined……… Mr. Aggarwal became poor……. 50th birthday……….. alone……. no food………. no drinks…….. bell rang …….. a man emerged…….. recognised…….. the old thief…….. came with fruits, sweets and drinks and a bag full of money.
Answer:

 The Return Gift

Mr. Aggarwal was a very wealthy businessman. One day he was alone sitting at his dining table. It was his birthday. He heard the footsteps of a man behind the curtains. He knew there was a thief there. “Come on! Thank you for coming to my house on my birthday. I’m alone,give me your company.” The thief was starving. He had good food and drinks. Mr. Aggarwal gave him a big purse. It had silver coins. Years rolled by. His fortunes changed. Mr. Aggarwal ,was a very poor man now. His business was ruined.
Today was his 50th birthday. But he had become a pauper now. He was alone reflecting over his good old days. It was 9 pm. The bell rang. “Who can be at such a time to visit a poor man?” thought Aggarwal. He saw a man in a new suit with a lovely bouquet of red roses. He had many packets of gifts, fruits, sweets and a few bottles. He tried to recognise the man. “I’m your old thief,” replied the man. With the money you gave me I did some business. I earned a lot of money within these years. Now I am a rich businessman. “Let’s celebrate your birthday,” he said. “It is for you, a little return-gift.” He gave a bag to Mr. Aggarwal. Mr. Aggarwal opened the bag. It was full of new currency notes.

Question 3:
Mahesh wrote only a few lines and couldn’t complete the story he wanted to write. Taking help from the given input, and basing it on the beginning Mahesh made, write a complete story.
A woodcutter was chopping down trees on the bank of a river. His hands were so much wet with his sweat that he lost his grip………..
Outline: Axe fell down into river…….. couldn’t swim….. unhappy at his misfortune and wept…… God of Forests appeared……….. promised to get back his axe……. dived……… came out with an axe of gold… “not mine”……… dived again……… came out with silver axe …….. “not mine” said woodcutter…… dived again……… came out with woodcutter’s axe…….. “this is my axe”……. truly honest…….. rewarded all three axes to the woodcutter.
Answer:                                                    

Honesty Pays in the Long Run

A woodcutter was chopping down trees on the bank of a river. His hands were so much wet with his sweat that he lost his grip over the axe. It slipped away from his hands and fell down ;     into the river. The poor man couldn’t even swim. He thought that his axe was lost forever. He was very sad at his misfortune and started sobbing and weeping. Suddenly there was a flash of light. The god of the Forests appeared before him. The woodcutter explained what had happened. The god consoled him, “Don’t you worry. I’ll get back your axe for you.” Having said these words, he dived into the river. After a few moments he came out with an axe. It was made of gold. “Is this yours?” he asked. The woodcutter only said “No!” A few seconds later he came out of the river with another axe. It was made of silver. “No, no, sir, this is not mine,” said the woodcutter. He dived again and came out with the third axe. The woodcutter cried loudly looking at the axe “Yes, yes, it’s mine—the woodcutter’s axe with an iron blade.” The god of Forests was impressed with the woodcutter’s honesty. “Keep all three of these axes as a present from me.” The god uttered these words and disappeared.

Question 4:
Mohan wrote just a few lines but couldn’t develop the story he wanted to write. Taking help from the input given below and the introductory lines written by Mohan, complete the story.
The celebrated archer Guru Dronacharya taught the royal princes the finer points of archery. One day he wanted to test…
Outline: Selected a tree in forest……. placed a wooden bird on a bare branch……. were to hit the bird in the eye…… Yudhisthir stepped forward…….. “Can you see me?” asked Dronacharya. ‘Yes’ replied Yudhisthir…… asked him to put down the bow……….. each prince replied the same……. asked to retire from the competition…… finally came Aijuna ……. “Aijuna, do you see me?” asked Dronacharya. “I see only my target,” said Aijuna Aijuna hit the bird’s eye.
Answer:    

Arjuna: The Most Accomplished Marksman

The celebrated archer Guru Dronacharya taught the royal princes the finer points of archery. One day he wanted to test the archery skill of his pupils. They came to a forest. The Guru chose a tree standing in the open. He placed a wooden bird on a bare branch of that tree. The princes were asked to stand 200 yards away and aim at their target one by one. They were to hit the eye of the bird. Yudhisthir was asked to start the competition. He took his bow and looked at his target. “Can you see me?” asked Dronacharya. “Yes sir!” replied Yudhisthir. “Put down your bow,” asked the Guru. The disappointed prince retired from the contest. The same thing happened with all other princes. The same question was asked and all of them gave the same reply. Hence, all of them were asked to retire from the competition.
Finally, it was Arjuna’s turn. “Arjuna do you see me?” asked the Guru. “I see nothing but only my target, the eye of the bird,” replied Aijuna. “Good, Aijuna, shoot now,” asked Dronacharya. Aijuna released the arrow aiming at his target. The arrow hit the eye of the wooden bird. And finally, Aijuna was adjudged as the most accomplished marksman.

Question 5:
Renuka started writing a short story. However, due to an unavoidable reason, she had to give it up after writing a few lines. Taking help from the input given below and using the beginning Renuka made, write a complete story.
Raghu and Raj were two friends and neighbours. Raghu had a servant named Ramu. The name of Raj’s servant was Shammu …
Outline: Both servants foolish……. two friends debated…….. who is more foolish?……. Ramu or Shammu?…… decided to give a test………. Raghu told Ramu “Run back to my house to find out if I am there or not”…. Ramu rushed home……. Raj told Shammu……. Go to your room and find out if you are there or not.” Ramu and Shammu returned …….. Ramu complained…….. wasted time……… master could have phoned to find himself….. Shammu reported…….. he was not in the room……. nothing to choose between them.
Answer:        

Who is a Lesser Fool?

Raghu and Raj were two friends and neighbours. Raghu had a servant named Ramu. The name of Raj’s servant was Shammu. Both the servants were big fools. The two friends debated for hours whose servant was a greater fool. At last, they decided to give them a test to find out who was more foolish.
Next morning all the four gathered at Raj’s house. Raghu told his servant, “Run back to my house and find out if I am there or not.” Without wasting even for a second, Ramu rushed home. Then Raj called his servant Shammu and said, “Hurry up! Go to your room and find out if you are there or not.” Without even thinking for a moment, Shammu ran to his room. After some time they returned. Both of them were annoyed with their masters. Ramu complained, “Why did you waste your time? You could have phoned to find out whether you were there or not.” Shammu expressed his displeasure in these words: “Why didn’t you tell me before? I would not have come out of my room.” He reported that he was not found in the room. Raghu and Raj heaved a sigh. There was really nothing to choose between the two fools. Only God could decide who was the lesser fool?

Question 6:
Taking help from the information given below, write a story on ‘A Grain as Big as a Hen’s Egg’. You can invent your own details.
Outline: Children found a thing shaped like a grain……… a traveller bought it from the children……. sold to the king……… asked wisemen……… it was a grain……… when and how was it grown? asked the king……… an old farmer was called………. he was on two crutches……. weak and deaf…… told he never sowed or reaped anything like that …. old farmer’s father was called…… he walked with one crutch……. told the same thing……… the grandfather of the old farmer was called….. he was healthy, walked freely…… could hear clearly……. told they sowed and reaped such grains…….. the king asked why his old grandson and son were so weak, miserable and unhealthy……. the grand old man replied ……. in his old times all land was free…….. there was no money…….. men lived on their own labour…….. in his grandson’s and son’s time men started grabbing others’ land……. depended on others’ labour…….. didn’t live according to God’s law and were miserable.
Answer:        

  A Grain as Big as a Hen’s Egg

One day some children found a thing shaped like a grain of com. A traveller bought it from the children for a penny and sold it to the king. The king called together his wisemen, and told them to find out what the thing was. The wisemen told him that it was a grain of com. The king ordered the wisemen to find out when and where such com had grown. The wisemen presented an old farmer. He was pale, toothless and walked on crutches. The old man saw the grain. He told the king that he never sowed or reaped any grain like it in the fields. Perhaps his father could tell him, something about it. The king sent for the old farmer’s father. He was shown the grain but he also didn’t know anything where a com like that grew. He told that perhaps his father would tell something about the grain. The old man’s father was called. He could walk easily and without crutches and spoke clearly. The old grandfather looked at the grain. He told that people used to grow grain like that everywhere long time ago. “Did you buy it or grow it all yourself?” asked the king. The grand old man told that in his time it was a sin to buy or sell land. They knew nothing of money. Each man had com enough of his own. Their fields were God’s earth. Land was free. Labour was the only thing men called their own. The king asked why his grandson walked with two crutches and your son with one. He needed no cmtches, his teeth were sound, speech clear and hearing perfect. The grand old man answered that his grandson and son made themselves miserable as men had ceased to live by their own labour. They were miserable as they started depending on the labour of others. In the old times men lived according to God’s law and had only what was their own.

Question 7:
Taking help from the information given below and inventing your own ideas, write a story on ‘Alyosha’.
Outline: Young Alyosha….. weak and thin……. father placed him with a merchant……..did everything as required……… never set eyes on his wages…….. his father grabbed all his wages…….. Cook Ustinia watched him…….. took interest in him…….. she was ready to marry Alyosha ……. But the master and his wife didn’t want married servants………… Alyosha’s father forbade him…….. Alyosha consented……… one day fell from the roof ……. priest was called………. Alyosha thanked Ustinia for being kind to him……. died.
Answer:                      

Alyosha

Alyosha was tiny, thin fellow with ears like wings and a huge nose. At twelve he began to plough and drive the cart. He was weak but cheerful. His father placed him with a merchant. He did everything quickly and readily. He forgot nothing and found time for everything. He would get up before daybreak, chop the wood, sweep the yard, feed cows and horses and cooked. Alyosha never set eyes on his wages. His father used to take his wages from the merchant leaving nothing for him. Towards the end of the second year the most startling thing happened to him. He felt for the first time in his life that he too was important for some human being. The cook Ustinia would sit watching him and it worried Alyosha. He feared that it might interfere with his work. She told him all about her life. She was ready to marry him. Alyosha’s father came to the merchant to collect his son’s wages. He came to know from the merchant’s wife that Alyosha wanted to marry Ustinia. Both the merchant and his wife told him that they didn’t want and approve of married servants. They would not keep them in the house. His father told Alyosha that he couldn’t marry Ustinia. Alyosha consented. From that day Alyosha went to his work as usual. One day he fell down from the roof and hurt himself. He was taken to the lodge, and the doctor examined him. He was about to die. A priest was called. “Are you going to die?” asked Ustinia. “Of course, I am.” He thanked Ustinia for being so good to him. They were lucky that they didn’t marry. He lay in wonderment, then stretched himself and died.

Question 8:
Taking help from the information given below and inventing your own details, write a short story on ‘Evil Allures, But God Endures’.
Outline: Lived a noble and generous man……… all his slaves adored him……. the Devil was vexed……. he got one of the slaves Aleb on his side……. was to incite others against the master …… master was showing rams and eves to his guests……….. special praise for a ram…….. priceless……… Aleb played mischief…….. seized the left leg of the ram and snapped before the master……… The Devil was happy at Aleb’s conspiracy………… The master looked heaven wards…… “O Aleb, Aleb! Your master bade you anger me; but my master is stronger than yours. I am not angry with you.”…….. The Devil grinding his teeth fell down from the tree.
Answer:               

Evil Allures but God Endures

There lived in the olden times a noble and generous man. The slaves prided themselves on their master. They considered him the best master under the sun as he fed and clothed them well. The Devil was vexed to hear such words of praise for the master. He got one of the slaves Aleb on his side. He asked Aleb to incite other slaves against their master. Aleb did the mischief. He tried to prove that their master was good because they were good to him. He would repay evil for evil and act differently in such a situation. The other slaves opposed Aleb. Aleb pledged to make the master angry. The master was walking around his enclosure showing his guests his eves and lambs. He had special praise for a twisted homed ram. He considered it priceless. Aleb rushed like a lion among the sheep. He seized the left hind leg of the ram and just before his master’s eyes snapped it like a dry branch. The ram’s leg was broken. The visitors and the slaves cried in dismay. The devil was sitting up in a tree. He was happy that Aleb had done his job rather very cleverly. The master raised his eyes heavenward. He looked down at Aleb with a smile saying: “Oh, Aleb, Aleb! Your master bade you anger me but my master is stronger than yours. I am not angry with you, but I will make your master angry.” He set Aleb free. The kind master returned with his guests to the house. The devil, grinding his teeth, fell down from the tree.

Question 9:
Taking help from the information given below and inventing your own ideas, write a short story on ‘God Sees the Truth, but Waits’.
Outline: In Vladimir lived a young merchant Aksyonof……. going to Nizhny Fair……… met a merchant at the inn…… stayed in the adjoining rooms………. next morning he was arrested…….. blood stained dagger found……. remained in prison for 26 years in Siberia ……. one day a new prisoner Makar came……. from his talks and movements Aksyonof was sure that Makar killed the merchant……… Makar dug a tunnel……. asked Aksyonof to go out……. the tunnel discovered………. Aksyonof didn’t tell anything about Makar’s conspiracy…….. Makar came to Aksyonof at ‘night’…….. wept…….. confessed his guilt to the police     Aksyonof died before he could be released.
Answer:              

God Sees the Truth, but Waits

There lived in Vladimir, a young merchant Aksyonof. One summer he was going to the Nizhny Fair. When he had travelled half-way, he met a merchant whom he knew quite well. They stayed at the same inn and went to bed in an adjoining room. The next morning, Aksyonof continued his journey. Two soldiers and an officer stopped him on the way. Aksyonof was searched and a blood-stained knife was recovered from his bag. He was arrested for killing and looting his fellow merchant in the inn. Aksyonof pleaded innocence. He was charged with the murder and robbing the merchant of 20,000 roubles. For twenty six-years Aksyonof lived as a convict in Siberia. His hair turned white and his beard grew long, thin and grey. No news reached from his home’ and Aksyonof didn’t know if his wife and children were alive or not. One of the new convicts was from Aksyonof’s town Vladimir. He was Makar. He told that Aksyonofs were rich but their mother was dead and father was in Siberia. Aksyonof asked Makar if he had heard who killed the merchant. He replied that the man in whose bag the knife was found must be the murderer. He asked, “How could anyone put a knife into your bag while it was under your head”? Aksyonof felt sure that Makar was the man who had killed the merchant. One night Makar came to Aksyonof’s room and told him that he had dug a tunnel under the wall and Aksyonof could go out of the prison. The next day, the soldiers found the tunnel. They asked Aksyonof who dug the tunnel. “It is not God’s will that I should tell!” told Aksyonof.
That night Makar came to Aksyonof and confessed that it was he who had killed the merchant and hid the knife in his bag. He wept bitterly and asked for forgiveness. He would confess and Aksyonof could be released. “Where could I go now?……. My wife is dead, and my children have forgotten me. I have nowhere to go.” Makar confessed his guilt. But when the order for Aksyonof’s release came, he was already dead.

Question 10:
Taking help from the information given below, write a short story ‘Where there is Love, there is God’. You can invent your own details.
Outline:
Martin……. a cobbler…….. his son died……… no interest in life……. a religious man reminded that Martin couldn’t judge God’s ways……. heard a voice……… “Martin! Look out in the street tomorrow, for I shall come”…….. next morning an old man stood shivering in cold…… Martin invited him inside……. offered tea……. no one came…….. next morning a poor woman stood with a baby in arms….. Martin gave her his bed…….. food and cabbage soup….. Martin kept on waiting but no one came…….. in dream……… first saw file old man……. then the woman with the child ………. Martin crossed himself………the Lord had really come to him.
Answer:          

Where there is Love, There is God

In a certain town there lived a cobbler named Martin. He could recognise the people by their boots. His only son died young and Martin didn’t wish to live any more. One day a noble man reasoned with Martin. He told him that they could not judge God’s ways. God gives him life and he must live for him. Martin fell asleep. Suddenly he heard a voice. “Martin! Look out into the street tomorrow, for I shall come.” Next morning, he saw an old man standing near his window. He was shivering in cold. “Come in and warm yourself a bit.” He asked him to sit down and have some tea. While the old man drank his tea, Martin kept looking out into the street. He told that he was expecting the Lord Himself. The old man thanked Martin for his hospitality and went away. No one came. When Martin was anxious, he saw a poor woman standing near the window with a crying baby in her arms. “Why do you stand out there with the baby in the cold?” Martin led her to the bed near the stove. The woman was hungry. He gave some bread and cabbage soup to her. She had no warm clothing as she had pawned her last shawl for six pence yesterday. Martin gave her six pence to get her shawl out of pawn. After the woman had gone, his eyes were still fixed at the window. And a voice whispered in his ear. “Martin, Martin, don’t you know me?” Martin looked around in surprise. And out of the dark comer stopped the old man, “It is I.” Then the figure disappeared. “It is I,” said the voice once more. And now the woman with the baby laughed and they too vanished. Martin crossed himself. He understood that his dream had come true. And the Lord had really come to him that day, and he had welcomed him.

Question 11:
Ramolla started writing a story but couldn’t complete it. Taking the help of the information given below, complete the story in about 150-200 words.
There lived a rich man in Varanasi. He had only one son who had turned ten …
Outline: good adviser for son before death. collected all relatives….. asked “Am I a wise and good man?”…. they called him wisest and best man.. man gave a diamond to each.. one man didn’t answer…. rich man sought his opinion…. “you are wise and good but there have been wiser and better persons than you,” said the man….. appointed him adviser…….next day all relatives complained… diamonds given not real. “They were as false as your words,” said the rich man.
Answer:

The False Diamonds

There lived a rich man in Varanasi. He had only one son who had just turned ten. He had a lot of land and property. He wanted to find out a good adviser for his son before his death. The man must be true and honest. This was what the rich man had thought. One day he invited all his relatives to a grand feast. He asked each of them if he was a wise and good man. Every relative called himself the “wisest and best” man in the world. “Ah!” exclaimed the rich man. He gave a diamond to each of his relatives. But one relative remained silent. The rich man asked what he thought of him as a man. The relative replied, “You are a wise and good man but there have been wiser and better men than you”.
This time the rich man gave a smile of satisfaction. He gave him a diamond as big as an almond. He had found the kind of man he wanted. He appointed him his son’s adviser. The next day other relatives came. They complained that the diamonds given to them yesterday were not real. “Yes, they were as false as your words,” said the rich man.

Question 12:
Rohini wanted to write a story but could write only a few lines. Using the input along with the introduction Rohini had made, develop the story.
Humayun was the king of India. Sher Shah, an Afghan chief and his bitter enemy gave…
Outline: attacked by Sher Shah at night………. escaped……… horse fell into river……….. struggling for life…….. a water carrier jumped with water-bag………… put Humayun on water bag……. saved him…….. Humayun asked what he could do for him……. “… make me king for 3 hours,” said water carrier………. reached Delhi…….. made him king for 3 hours   leather coins made        water carrier’s name on them.
Answer:     

The King for Three Hours

Humayun was the king of India. Sher Shah, an Afghan chief and his bitter enemy, gave him no peace. Sher Shah’s army attacked the Mughal soldiers at night. Humayun escaped. He decided to cross the river on horse back. He fell into the river and struggled for life. A water-carrier was on the bank. He realised that Humayun’s life was in danger. He jumped into the river with his water bag. The bag was full of air and floated on the water. He put Humayun on the water bag and brought him safely out of the river.
Humayun was grateful. The water-carrier had saved his life. “Tell me, what can I do for you?” asked the king. “Your Majesty, make me king for three hours,” said the water-carrier. “Let it be so,” said Humayun. The king reached Delhi. “Tomorrow, for three hours, you will be the king,” said the king. The water-carrier sat on Humayun’s throne. He ordered the courtiers, “Make coins from my water-bag.” They cut small round pieces of leather from the water-bag. The name of the water-carrier was stamped on it. And the people used those leather coins for three hours!

Question 13:
Sunder started writing a story but couldn’t go beyond a few lines. Using the information given below along with the introduction made by Sunder, develop the story.
Darius was the king of Persia. Zubaid, his only son fell seriously ill. The king …
Outline: worried……… called all doctors……. tried every medicine…….. didn’t get well ……. gave up all hopes……… Zubaid sure to die……….. gave alms………. Darius walked round Zubaid’s bed seven times……. prayed to God………. “save my son and take my life instead”after some weeks Zubaid got well Darius died.
Answer:                                                                     

Father’s Love Saves the Son

Darius was the king of Persia. Zubaid, his only son fell seriously ill. The king was worried. He called all the best doctors from Persia. They examined the prince. They tried every medicine. Even doctors from India and China were called. But the prince did not get well. On the other hand, Zubaid’s condition became still worse. The king had no other child to sit on the throne after his death. He cursed himself and his stars. He gave alms to the poor. But that too made no difference. Zubaid showed no sign of improvement. The king was heart broken. He was convinced that the prince would die sooner or later.
At last, the king had lost all hope. He came to his sick son. He looked at his weak and lifeless face for the last time. He stood up and walked round the prince’s bed for seven times. Every time he prayed, “Allah! save my son. Take jny life instead.” Then a miracle took place. Zubaid started showing signs of improvement. On the other hand, Darius fell ill. The prince was on the road to recovery but the king was nearing death. One day Zubaid got well and came out of the sickman’s bed. The moment he got up, Darius fell down dead never to rise again.

Question 14:
Mohan/Mohini decided to write a story. But due to other pressing engagement, she couldn’t complete it. Using the information given below along with the beginning Mohini made, complete the story.
Once a wise monkey lived on a big mango tree …
Outline: gave ripe mangoes to crocodile ……. took some for wife………. she was wicked……. wanted to eat the monkey itself……. she invited monkey for dinner…….. crocodile didn’t cooperate……. wife adamant……… crocodile gave in………… invited monkey for lunch……. monkey on crocodile’s back…….. in the middle of the river…… he disclosed wife’s plan……. clever monkey told…….. heart hanging on the tree……. back to the tree ……. climbed again……. laughed………… ‘heart is inside me’ friendship ended.
Answer:                                                              

Wisdom Saves

Once a wise monkey lived on a big mango tree on a river bank. Very near lived a crocodile in the river. They became intimate friends. Quite often the monkey gave ripe mangoes to his friend.One day the crocodile demanded some mangoes for his wife. She had never tasted mangoes in her life. The generous monkey picked a big ripe mango and gave it to the crocodile.
The crocodile’s wife liked the delicious mango very much. She was very cunning and wicked.She thought of eating the monkey itself. “One who eats such sweet mangoes, his heart must be very sweet,” said she. The poor crocodile was upset. He told his wife clearly that he would never allow to get such a friend killed. But the wicked wife made the crocodile’s life really miserable. At last, he gave in. The next day he went to the mango tree. He invited the monkey to have lunch with them. He took the monkey on his back. When they were in the middle of the river, the crocodile revealed the truth. His wife actually wanted to eat his heart. The wise monkey was quiet for a moment. Then he hit upon a plan. He said, “I’ve left my heart hanging on the mango tree. I want to go back and bring it.” Soon they were under the tree. The monkey lost no time in climbing up on the topmost branch. He pointed to his heart and said, “My heart is inside me. Go away and never come near the mango tree again. It’s the end of our friendship.”

Question 15:
Bhima started writing a story but couldn’t write beyond a line or two. Taking help from the given input and basing your story on the basis of the beginning develop the story.
The boat capsized but I managed to survive. I walked on and on …
Outline: searched for men or houses…….. completely exhausted……….. collapsed……… I woke up…….. arms and legs found tied down………. thousands of strings………. heard noises around…….. forty tiny men ………. climbed on me……… each 3 inches tall………. didn’t understand what they wanted……… felt thousand needles pricking my hand………. shooting arrow……… protected eyes……. soon the ladder came………… sent hundreds of men up to my face……… I got milk and food……. my first day among the Lilliputians.
Answer:           

My First Day in the Land of Lilliputians

The boat capsized but I managed to survive. I walked on and on till I could walk no more. I was completely exhausted. I collapsed on the short, soft grass and fell into a deep sleep. It was daylight now. I woke up. I tried to get up but couldn’t stand. I found my arms and legs tied down to the ground with strings. I found myself in a hopeless and helpless situation.
I could hear noises around me. They were faint human voices. Then I felt something moving on my body. It came near my face. He was a tiny little man of 3 inches. He was dressed like a soldier. Forty more followed him. I was amazed to see such tiny men. I couldn’t understand what they wanted to do with me. Then I felt as if a thousand needles were pricking my body.The little men were shooting arrows at me. Then I lay still without moving. One of the elders, perhaps their leader, stood on a raised platform near me. I indicated for food and water. He seemed to understand me. He sent hundreds of men up to my face. I had my dinner. After the generous dinner, I went to sleep again. This was my first day among Lilliputians.

Question 16:
Taking help from the information given below, write on ‘The Story of the Fisherman’. You can invent your own details.
Outline: A poor fisherman,……. used to cast his net only four times…… one day cast his net…….. found in it the carcass of an ass…… second time came ajar full of mud and sand ……. third time came broken jars and pots……… last time came a bottle with Suleman’s seal……. fisherman happy…….. could sell the seal for 10 gold coins………. rose a cloud from the bottle……. a Jinn appeared………. threatened to kill…….. the fisherman pleaded that he had liberated him…. wondered how such a huge Jinn could enter the bottle……..the Jinn entered the bottle little by little…… fisherman lost no time…….. sealed the bottle…. the Jinn pleaded……… fisherman took the bottle and threw it deep into the sea.
Answer:

The Story of the Fisherman

There was a poor fisherman. It was his custom to cast his net not more than four times a day. One day when he cast his net soon he found it to be very heavy. He pulled up the net but was disappointed to find in it the carcass of an ass. He cast the net second time and this time he found only a large jar full of sand and mud. The third time he got only broken jars and pots. He raised his head towards heaven, and said, “O God, Thou knowest that I cast not my net more than four times.” With the name of God he cast the net for the last time. This time he found in it a bottle of brass with a stopper of lead, bearing the seal of Suleman. He was rejoiced as he could sell it for ten pieces of gold. He shook the bottle and opened it. Nothing came out of it except a cloud of smoke which was condensed into a Jinn. The Jinn threatened to kill him. The fisherman told the Jinn that he had liberated him from the bottle and rescued from the bottom of the sea. The Jinn was unrelenting. The fisherman then said, “How was Thou in this bottle? How can it contain the whole body?” He said that he would never believe it until he saw in it. Upon this the Jinn was converted into smoke and then became condensed and entered the bottle little by little. The fisherman hastily sealed the bottle. The Jinn tried to escape but in vain. “Open to me, I may confer benefits upon thee,” said the Jinn. The fisherman replied, “Thou liest, thou accursed!” And he threw the bottle back deep into the sea.

Question 17:
Taking help from the information given below write on ‘The Story of the Merchant and the Jinn’. You can invent your own details.
Outline: There lived a merchant in Basra……….. felt hungry……… ate bread and a date ……. threw the stone of the date……….. a Jinn appeared……… threatened to kill because the stone of the date killed his son…….. he raised his arm to strike him……. with a sword ……. told the Jinn……….. had to pay debts…….. settle the property issue…….. say good bye to wife and family…….. pledged to come back……. Jinn liberated the merchant……. came back to the Jinn as promised……. Jinn impressed………. liberated him………. gave lots of gold in bargain.
Answer:          

The Story of the Merchant and the Jinn

There lived a merchant in Basra. He had great wealth and traded extensively. One day he was mounting on his horse journeying to a neighbouring country to collect his due. When he felt hungry, he ate a morsel of bread and a date. Having eaten the date, he threw aside the stone.
Immediately appeared before him a Jinn holding a drawn sword in his hand. He threatened to kill the merchant, as the stone of the date killed his son. The merchant pleaded that he didn’t do it intentionally and he should be pardoned. The Jinn replied that his death was indispensable. Saying this he raised his arm to strike him with the sword. The merchant wept bitterly. Then the merchant said that he had debts to pay, property to settle and say good bye to his wife and children. He bound himself with a vow that he would return to him and he could do what he wanted to do with him. The merchant returned to his town, paid every one what he owed him and informed his wife and children of the event. On hearing this, all members of the family wept. Ultimately, the merchant presented himself before the Jinn. The Jinn was impressed with his honesty and sincerity. He spared the life of the merchant and liberated him. The Jinn also gave a lot of gold and jewels to him in the bargain.

Question 18:
Taking help from the information given below and inventing your own details write on ‘The Story of the Hunchback’.
Outline: There lived a tailor in Baghdad………. met a hunchback……….. invited him to his house…….. his wife served dinner ………. a large piece of fish stuck in throat………… hunchback died…….. the dead body to a Jewish physician…….. set the dead man against the wall…….. die physician struck against hunchback’s body in the dark………. physician thought that the sick man died with his blow……. placed the dead body in the terrace of his neighbour……. a steward and a Muslim……… the steward thought a thief was hiding ……. struck with a great mallet……….. thought he killed the hunchback……….. took the
body to market place…….. placed file dead hunchback there…….. soon came a! Christian clerk in intoxication……… struck him…….. the watchman handed him over to the chief police magistrate…… he was to be hanged………. when the rope was put around his neck ……. came running the Muslim steward……….. confessed…….. the rope was put in his neck…….. when the Muslim steward was to be hanged……… came the Jewish physician running…….. confessed and the rope was put around his neck……… in the end came the tailor…….. the unique case was presented before the king…………. pleased that so many honest and sincere people lived in his kingdom……. set all of them free.
Answer:            

The Story of the Hunchback

In ancient times there lived a tailor in Baghdad. When he was returning home, he met a hunchbacked man. His aspect was such as to excite laughter even in the angry and dispel grief. The tailor invited the hunchback to his house to enjoy the pleasure of gazing at him. The tailor’s wife served him a large piece of fish and asked him to swallow it once. The hunchback swallowed it. It got stuck in his throat and he died at once. They took the dead body to the house of a physician who was a Jew. They set the dead man up against the wall and went out. The physician came out to see the sick man in haste. In the dark, his foot struck against the lifeless hunchback. He thought that his foot made him fall down the stairs and die. He was frightened. He wanted to dispose of dead body. He went to the terrace and threw the dead hunchback into the house of his Muslim neighbour. When the Muslim steward went up, he saw a man standing in the comer. He took him for a thief and struck him with a great mallet. The dead body of the hunchback fell down and the steward found him dead. The Muslim steward took the dead body to the market place and placed it by the side of a shop and retired. Soon after there came a Christian clerk.in a state of intoxication. So when he saw the hunchback standing there, he concluded that he intended to harm him. He struck him on the neck and attempted to throttle him. As he was doing it, the watchman came. He bound his hands behind him and took him to the chief police magistrate. “Why did you kill him?” said the magistrate. He was sentenced to death. The executioner threw his rope round the neck of the Christian. When he was to hang him, the Muslim steward came running. He confessed that it was he who had killed the hunchback. The executioner put the rope around the neck of the Muslim steward. Then came running the Jewish physician. He confessed that it was he who killed the hunchback. The rope was put around the neck of the Jewish physician. He was about to be hanged when the tailor came and pleaded guilty. He requested to liberate the Jew. The matter was reported to the king. He was surprised that such true and honest persons were still alive in his kingdom. They would not let others die for their sins. He was pleased and granted freedom to all.

Question 19:
Taking help from the information given below, write on ‘The Story of Two Sindibads’. You can also invent your own details.
Outline: In Baghdad there lived a poor man………. Sindibad the Porter…… bore burdens for hire upon his head ……… tired……… stopped to take rest in front of a palatial building ……  started singing……. a young servant invited him……….. went inside.. …the master was sitting with nobles ……… a little paradise …………  good food, wine, flowers, music and beautiful girls………. the master asked the Porter to sing ………..  heard when he was singing outside…….. asked his name and place…….. the master told that his name was also Sindibad …… he was called Sindibad of the sea………. he took many voyages…….. struggled and earned money, name and fame….. he appointed Sindibad the Porter as his personal assistant.
Answer:       

Story of Two Sindibads

In Baghdad, there lived a man called Sindibad, the Porter. He was a poor man who bore burdens for hire upon his head. One day the heat was oppressive. The porter put down his burden outside a palatial house. He thought about the rich. They were free from worries and wretchedness. He started singing. When he was about to stand up and depart, a young servant came to him. He told the porter that the master had called for him. He entered the grand mansion and saw noblemen and great lords sitting there. There were all kinds of flowers and scents, wines and varieties of fresh and dried fruits. A lot of music and beautiful slave girls made the place a portion of Paradise. The porter saluted the assembly and stood hanging down his head in humility. The master of the house gave him the permission to sit beside him. He asked his name and trade. He answered that he was Sindibad, the Porter and bore upon his head men’s burden for hire. The master smiled and told him that his name was like him. He was called Sindibad of the sea. He told that he attained so much wealth, respect and fame not all of a sudden. He struggled hard and performed seven voyages and attained that prosperity. He desired to let him hear the verses that he sang while he stood at the gate. The porter recited those verses to him and they pleased Sindibad of the Sea. He employed Sindibad, the Porter as his personal assistant giving him and his family a big furnished house with lots of conveniences.

Question 20:
Taking help from the information given below, write on ‘The First Voyage of Da’ud’. You can invent your own details.
Outline: Da’ud inherited lots of wealth ………. became a spendthrift ………. wealth soon passed away…….. sold buildings and land…… collected 3000 coins……… bought goods and commodities……. sea voyage ……. ship landed on an island……… not an island but a huge sea fish ….. captain warned…….. many boarded the ship…… Da’ud was left…….. saved……. swam to the coast with a wooden plank……….. island full of sweet water and fruits…….. lived there for months …….  grew a beard………. couldn’t be recognised……. one day saw a ship coming… … the ship anchored……. the captain didn’t recognise Da’ud ……. but Da’ud recognised……… got all his merchandise back……. returned to his home town and family.
Answer:                                                      

The First Voyage of Da’ud

Da’ud had inherited a lot of wealth and property from his wealthy father. But the life of ease and comforts made him a spendthrift. He soon found that his wealth had passed away. Then he returned to his region and collected what he had. He sold his buildings and land and amassed three thousand pieces of silver. He bought for himself goods and commodities and other things required for performing a sea-voyage. He came to the city of Basra with his fellow merchants. They had passed by island after island and from sea to sea selling, buying and exchanging merchandises. They cast the anchor near an island and gave to eating and drinking. The master of the ship signalled an alarm bell. He announced that the ship had anchored on a huge fish stationed in the midst of the sea. Many hastened to go up into the ship. Da’ud was among those who remained behind the island. But God saved him from drowning as he swam across with the help of a wooden plank. He threw himself upon the island like one dead and soon became unconscious. The island had fruits in abundance and sweet water. Therefore, his health and spirit revived. He spent a few months, grew a beard and his face bore a different resemblance. One day when he was walking upon the shore of the island, he saw an indistinct object in the distance. Suddenly a great ship approached and anchored near the shore. The captain saw Da’ud but didn’t recognise him. He told him that there were some goods in the hold of the ship. Their owner was drowned in the sea at one of the islands during their voyage there. He also told Da’ud that they desired to sell those things and give the money to his family in Baghdad. Da’ud had already recognised the captain and said, “O master, I am the owner of the goods, and I am Da’ud”. The captain welcomed him aboard the ship. Da’ud proceeded to have a reunion with his wife and children. He got a lot of money after selling the merchandise in Baghdad.

Question 21:
Be imaginative and develop a readable story in about 100-120 words with the help of the given outline.
Outline: A poor woodcutter………. cutting trees in a forest………. one day axe falls into the river……… water deep……… helpless woodcutter weeps………. God Mercury appears ……. asks woodcutter the reason ……….. brings a golden axe ………. woodcutter does not accept it……… God Mercury then brings a silver axe………… woodcutter again refuses it ………  brings his own iron axe…… woodcutter happy………… takes his axe……. God is pleased rewards him.        
Answer:
Once a woodcutter lived in a village with his wife and children. He was poor, no doubt, but honest and truthful. Each day, he would go to the forest with his axe to cut trees for wood. One day while he was felling a tree at the bank of river, his axe slipped out of his hand and fell into the water below. The poor woodcutter began to weep in extreme frustration. God Mercury heard his cries. He appeared before him and asked him why he was weeping. The woodcutter told him the whole story. God said, “Don’t worry, I’ll get back your axe”. The very next moment he took off his clothes and dived into the river. After a while, He came out of the water with a golden axe. The woodcutter said, “This axe is made of gold. It is not mine”. Then the God dived into the river again and came out of the water with an axe made of silver. The woodcutter said, “This isn’t mine. Mine is an ordinary iron axe”.God dived into the water the third time. After a few minutes he came out with an iron axe. The woodcutter jumped up with joy on seeing the axe and cried, “This is mine! This is mine! Thank you very much! God was pleased with the honesty of the woodcutter. He gave all the three axes to him as a reward for his truthfulness.”

The post CBSE Class 9 English Letter Writing – Story Writing appeared first on Learn CBSE.


NCERT Books for all Classes 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1

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NCERT Books: National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) which is also known as the universalization of elementary education. NCERT works under the government of India for the improvement of school education. The main role of NCERT is to prepare and publish model textbooks, supplementary material, newsletters, study material, journals and develops educational kits, multimedia digital materials for the betterment of school education.

NCERT Books

A complete selection of textbooks published by NCERT for Class 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 of CBSE & CBSE affiliated schools.

All the NCERT Textbooks from class 1 to class 12 are published by the officials of NCERT (National Council Of Educational Research and Training), New Delhi. These NCERT Books are recommended followed by the CBSE and other major state boards in India.  Also, most of the competitive exam question papers such as JEE Main, NEET, UPSC, etc., are prepared based on the content present in the NCERT Textbooks.

So the students who are in search of NCERT Textbooks for their education reference can refer to this article. In this article, LearnCBSE is providing the list of NCERT Books from class 1 to class 12 along with the download link of the books. Read on to know further about Free NCERT Textbooks from class 1 to class 12. You can also download the NCERT Solutions mobile APP for these textbooks.

NCERT Books for Class 12

Uttar Pradesh Board (UP Board) also implementing the NCERT Books for Senior Secondary classes (intermediate). UP Board has confirmed NCERT books for class 11 History, Geography, Civics, Maths, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Economics and sociology. Books for class 12 Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Maths.

NCERT Books for Class 12

NCERT BOOKS FOR CLASS 12 – DOWNLOAD PDF

NCERT Books for Class 12 – English Medium

एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ की किताबें हिंदी में

NCERT Class 12 Physics Part 1 Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ भौतिकी भाग 1
NCERT Class 12 Physics Part 2 Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ भौतिकी भाग २
NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Part 1 Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ रसायन विज्ञान भाग 1
NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Part 2 Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ रसायन विज्ञान भाग २
NCERT Class 12 Maths Part 1 Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ गणित भाग 1
NCERT Class 12 Maths Part 2 Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ गणित भाग २
NCERT Class 12 Biology Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ जीवविज्ञान
NCERT Class 12 Accountancy Books NCERT Class 12 Accountancy Books in Hindi
NCERT Class 12 Accountancy 1 Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ लेखाशास्त्र भाग 1
NCERT Class 12 Accountancy 2 Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ लेखाशास्त्र भाग २
NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Books NCERT Class 12 Business Studies Books in Hindi
NCERT Class 12 Business Studies 1 एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ व्यवसाय अध्ययन भाग 1
NCERT Class 12 Business Studies 2 एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ व्यवसाय अध्ययन भाग २
NCERT Class 12 Economics Books NCERT Class 12 Economics Books in Hindi
NCERT Book Introductory Microeconomics एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ परिचयात्मक व्यष्टि अर्थशास्त्र
NCERT Book Introductory Macroeconomics एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ परिचयात्मक सूक्ष्म अर्थशास्त्र
NCERT Class 12 Geography Books NCERT Class 12 Geography Books in Hindi
NCERT Book Fundamental of Human Geography एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ मानव भूगोल के मूल सिद्धांत
NCERT Book India- People and Economy एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ भारत लोग और अर्थव्यवस्था (भूगोल )
NCERT Book Practical Working Geography Part II एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ भूगोल में परिजयोजनात्मक प्रयोगात्मक कार्य
NCERT Class 12 History Books NCERT Class 12 History Books in Hindi
NCERT Book Themes in Indian History 1 एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ भारतीय इतिहास के कुछ विषय भाग 1
NCERT Book Themes in Indian History 2 एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ भारतीय इतिहास के कुछ विषय भाग २
NCERT Book Themes in Indian History 3 एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ भारतीय इतिहास के कुछ विषय भाग ३
NCERT Class 12 Political Science Books NCERT Class 12 Political Science Books in Hindi
NCERT Book Contemporary World Politics एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ समकालीन विश्व राजनीति
NCERT Book Political Science 2 स्वतंत्र भारत में राजनीति भाग २
NCERT Class 12 Psychology Books NCERT Class 12 Psychology Books in Hindi
NCERT Book Psychology एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ मनोविज्ञान
NCERT Class 12 Sociology Books NCERT Class 12 Sociology Books in Hindi
NCERT Book Indian Society एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ भारतीय समाज
NCERT Book Social Change and Development India एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ भारत में सामाजिक परिवर्तन और विकास
NCERT Class 12 Hindi Books
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ अंतरा
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ अंतराल भाग 2
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ आरोह
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १२ वितान
NCERT Class 12 English Books
NCERT Book Flamingo
NCERT Book Kaleidoscope
NCERT Book Vistas

NCERT Books for Class 11

NCERT Books for Class 11

NCERT BOOKS FOR CLASS 11 – DOWNLOAD FREE PDF

NCERT Books for Class 11 – English Medium

एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ की किताबें हिंदी में

NCERT Class 11 Physics Part 1 Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ भौतिकी भाग 1
NCERT Class 11 Physics Part 2 Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ भौतिकी भाग २
NCERT Class 11 Chemistry Part 1 Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ रसायन विज्ञान भाग 1
NCERT Class 11 Chemistry Part 2 Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ रसायन विज्ञान भाग २
NCERT Class 11 Maths Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ गणित
NCERT Class 11 Biology Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ जीवविज्ञान
NCERT Class 11 Accountancy Books NCERT Class 11 Accountancy Books in Hindi
NCERT Financial Accounting- 1 एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ लेखाशास्त्र भाग 1
NCERT Accountancy- 2 एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ लेखाशास्त्र भाग २
NCERT Class 11 Business Studies Books NCERT Class 11 Business Studies Books in Hindi
NCERT Business Studies एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ व्यवसाय अध्ययन
NCERT Class 11 Economics Books NCERT Class 11 Economics Books in Hindi
NCERT Indian Economic Development एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था का विकास
NCERT Class 11 Geography Books NCERT Class 11 Geography Books in Hindi
NCERT Class 11 Indian Physical Environment एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ भारतीय भौतिक पर्यावरण
NCERT Class 11 Practical Work in Geography एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ भूगोल में प्रयोगात्मक कार्य भाग 1 
NCERT Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ भौतिक भूगोल के मूल सिद्धांत 
NCERT Class 11 History Books NCERT Class 11 History Books in Hindi
NCERT Themes in World History एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ विश्व इतिहास के कुछ विषय
NCERT Class 11 Political Science Books NCERT Class 11 Political Science Books in Hindi
NCERT Indian Constitution at Work एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ भारत का संविधान सिद्धांत और व्यवहार
NCERT Political Theory एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ राजनीति सिद्धांत
NCERT Class 11 Psychology Books NCERT Class 11 Psychology Books in Hindi
NCERT Introduction to Psychology एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ मनोविज्ञान
NCERT Class 11 Sociology Books NCERT Class 11 Sociology Books in Hindi
NCERT Introducing Sociology एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ समाजशास्त्र भाग 1
NCERT Introducing Sociology एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ समाज का बोध
NCERT Class 11 Economics Books NCERT Class 11 Economics Books in Hindi
NCERT Indian Economic Development एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ भारतीय अर्थव्यवस्था का विकास
NCERT Class 11 Hindi Books
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ अंतरा
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ अंतराल
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ आरोह
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ११ वितान
NCERT Class 11 English Books
NCERT Hornbill
NCERT Snapshots Supplementary Reader English
NCERT Woven Words

NCERT Books for Class 10 – Download Free PDF

NCERT Books for Class 10 – English Medium

एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १० की किताबें हिंदी में

NCERT Class 10 Science Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १0 विज्ञान
NCERT Class 10 Maths Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १0 गणित
NCERT Class 10 Social Science Books NCERT Class 10 Social Science Books
NCERT Contemporary India एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १0 भारत और समकालीन विश्व भाग २
NCERT India and the Contemporary World-II एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १0 आर्थिक विकास की समझ
NCERT Understanding Economic Development एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १0 समकालीन भारत
NCERT Democratic Politics-II एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १0 लोकतान्त्रिक राजनीति
NCERT Class 10 Hindi Books
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १0 कृतिका 
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १0 क्षितिज
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १0 संचयन भाग २
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १0 स्पर्श
NCERT Class 10 English Books
NCERT First Flight
NCERT Footprints Without Feet Supplementary Reader

NCERT TextBooks for Class 9 – Download Free PDF

NCERT Books for Class 9 – English Medium

एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ९ की किताबें हिंदी में

NCERT Class 9 Science Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ९ विज्ञान
NCERT Class 9 Maths Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ९ गणित
NCERT Class 9 Social Science Books NCERT Class 9 Social Science Books in Hindi
NCERT Contemporary India एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ९ भारत और समकालीन विश्व भाग- I
NCERT India and the Contemporary World-I एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ९ अर्थशास्त्र
NCERT Economics एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ९ समकालीन भारत
NCERT Democratic Politics एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ९ लोकतान्त्रिक राजनीति
NCERT Class 9 Hindi Books
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ९ कृतिका
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ९ क्षितिज
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ९ संचयन 
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ९ स्पर्श
NCERT Class 9 English Books
NCERT BeeHive English Textbook
NCERT Moments Supplementary Reader
NCERT Words and Expressions- I

NCERT TextBooks for Class 8 – Download Free PDF

NCERT Books for Class 8 – English Medium

एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ८ की किताबें हिंदी में

NCERT Class 8 Science Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ८ विज्ञान
NCERT Class 8 Maths Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ८ गणित
NCERT Class 8 Social Science Books NCERT Class 8 Social Science Books in Hindi
NCERT Our Past-III: Part 1 एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ८ हमारे अतीत III(Itihas)
NCERT Our Past- III: Part 2 एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ८ हमारे अतीत भाग २
NCERT Social and Political Life एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ८ सामाजिक एवं राजनीतिक जीवन
NCERT Resource and Development (Geography) एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ८ संसाधन एवं विकास (भूगोल )
NCERT Class 8 Hindi Books
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ८ भारत की खोज 
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ८ दूर्वा 
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ८ वसंत
NCERT Class 8 English Books
NCERT HoneyDew
NCERT It So Happened

NCERT TextBooks for Class 7 – Download Free PDF

NCERT Books for Class 7 – English Medium

एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ७ की किताबें हिंदी में

NCERT Class 7 Science Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ७ विज्ञान
NCERT Class 7 Maths Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ७ गणित
NCERT Class 7 Social Science Books NCERT Class 7 Social Science Books in Hindi
NCERT Our Past-II एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ७ हमारे अतीत II
NCERT Social and Political Life-II एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ७ हमारा पर्यावरण
NCERT Our Environment एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ७ सामाजिक एवं राजनीतिक जीवन
NCERT Class 7 Hindi Books
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ७ दूर्वा
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ७ महाभारत
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ७ वसंत
NCERT Class 7 English Books
NCERT Honeycomb
NCERT An Alien Hand SupplementaryReader

NCERT TextBooks for Class 6 – Download PDF

NCERT Books for Class 6 – English Medium

एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ६ की किताबें हिंदी में

NCERT Class 6 Science Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ६ विज्ञान
NCERT Class 6 Maths Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ६ गणित
NCERT Class 6 Social Science Books NCERT Class 6 Social Science Books in Hindi
NCERT Our Pasts-I एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ६ हमारे अतीत I
NCERT The Earth Our Habitat एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ६ पृथ्वी हमारा आवास (भूगोल )
NCERT Social and Political Life-I एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ६ सामाजिक एवं राजनीतिक जीवन
NCERT Class 6 Hindi Books
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ६ बाल राम कथा
न सी ई आर टी कक्षा ६ दूर्वा 
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ६ वसंत
NCERT Class 6 English Books
NCERT A Pact With The Sun
NCERT HoneySuckle

NCERT TextBooks for Class 5 – Download PDF

NCERT Books for Class 5 – English Medium

एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ५ की किताबें हिंदी में

NCERT Class 5 Maths Magic Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ५ गणित
NCERT Class 5 Environmental Studies Books NCERT Class 5 Environmental Studies Books in Hindi
NCERT Looking Around एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ५ आस पास
NCERT Class 5 Hindi Book
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ५ रिमझिम
NCERT Class 5 English Book
NCERT Marigold

NCERT TextBooks for Class 4 – Download PDF

NCERT Books for Class 4 – English Medium

एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ४ की किताबें हिंदी में

NCERT Class 4 Maths Book – Magic एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ४ गणित का जादू 
NCERT Class 4 Environmental Studies Books NCERT Class 4 Environmental Studies Books in Hindi
NCERT Looking Around EVS एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ४ आस पास
NCERT Class 4 Hindi Book
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ४ रिमझिम
NCERT Class 4 English Book
NCERT Marigold

NCERT TextBooks for Class 3 – Download PDF

NCERT Books for Class 3 – English Medium

एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ३ की किताबें हिंदी में

NCERT Class 3 Maths Book एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ३ गणित
NCERT Class 3 Environmental Studies Books NCERT Class 3 Environmental Studies Books in Hindi
NCERT Looking Around एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ३ आस पास
NCERT Class 3 Hindi Book
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा ३ रिमझिम
NCERT Class 3 English Book
NCERT Marigold

NCERT Books for Class 2 – Download PDF

NCERT Class 2 Maths Book – Magic
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा २ गणित
NCERT Class 2 Hindi Book
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा २ रिमझिम
NCERT Class 2 English Book
NCERT Marigold
NCERT Raindrops

NCERT Books for Class 1 – Download PDF

Maths Class 1 Maths Book – Magic
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १ गणित का जादू 
NCERT Class 1 Hindi Book
एन सी ई आर टी कक्षा १ रिमझिम
NCERT Class 1 English Books
Marigold
Raindrops

एनसीईआरटी पुस्तकें: सीबीएसई कक्षा 5 से 12 के लिए मुफ्त डाउनलोड

देश भर के सभी सीबीएसई स्कूल और परीक्षा एनसीईआरटी द्वारा पालन करते हैं। इस लेख में, आपको सभी वर्गों के लिए डाउनलोड करने योग्य NCERT पुस्तकों की सूची मिल जाएगी।

नेशनल काउंसिल ऑफ एजुकेशनल रिसर्च एंड ट्रेनिंग (NCERT) भारत सरकार का एक स्वायत्त संगठन है, जिसे 1 सितंबर 1961 को सोसाइटीज़ रजिस्ट्रेशन एक्ट (1860 के अधिनियम XXI) के तहत एक साहित्यिक, वैज्ञानिक और धर्मार्थ सोसाइटी के रूप में स्थापित किया गया था। इसका मुख्यालय नई दिल्ली में श्री अरबिंदो मार्ग पर स्थित है। डॉ। हृषिकेश सेनापति सितंबर 2015 से परिषद के निदेशक हैं। NCERT स्कूली शिक्षा से संबंधित शैक्षणिक मामलों पर केंद्र और राज्य सरकारों की सहायता और सहायता करता है। यह लेख संक्षेप में NCERT पुस्तकों की चर्चा करता है। आप उन्हें यहाँ डाउनलोड कर सकते हैं!

एनसीईआरटी बुक्स के बारे में

प्रवेश स्तर की परीक्षा की तैयारी करते समय, किसी को पूरी तरह से एक प्रक्रिया के माध्यम से तैयारी करनी चाहिए जिसके लिए विषय की आपकी समझ का समग्र विकास आवश्यक है। यह कठोर प्रक्रिया एक उपयुक्त संशोधन के साथ उचित अध्ययन सामग्री और मुश्किल अंकों को हल करने के माध्यम से जाने की मांग करती है। यहाँ पर निभाई गई सबसे महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका अध्ययन सामग्री की है जो इसके लिए पहला ठोस आधार है जिस पर आगे की समझ आधारित है। एनसीईआरटी की किताबें अपनी सादगी के लिए सबसे अच्छी तरह से जानी जाती हैं और अवधारणाओं को सामने लाती हैं क्योंकि वे बिना अधिक जटिल सिद्धांतों के बहुत अधिक गहराई तक गोता लगाती हैं।

एनसीईआरटी बुक्स के बारे में कुछ मुख्य बातें नीचे सूचीबद्ध हैं:

प्रवेश परीक्षा के अधिकांश प्रश्न एनसीईआरटी पुस्तकों से हैं: एनसीईआरटी पुस्तकों से अध्ययन करने का सबसे बड़ा लाभ यह है कि एनईईटी में कई प्रश्न या तो सीधे इन पुस्तकों से प्राप्त होते हैं या समान पैटर्न का पालन करते हैं। इसलिए, आपको अपनी तैयारी के लिए इन पुस्तकों को संदर्भित करना नहीं भूलना चाहिए।

विश्वसनीय जानकारी: विषयों पर गहन शोध करने के बाद सभी NCERT पुस्तकें विशेषज्ञों द्वारा लिखी गई हैं। जानकारी पूरी तरह से प्रामाणिक है और अन्य स्रोतों से कहीं बेहतर है।

मजबूत मूल बातें और बुनियादी बातें: एनसीईआरटी की पुस्तकों में छात्रों के लिए सभी विषयों पर मूल बातें और बुनियादी बातें शामिल हैं। इसलिए, छात्रों को अवधारणाओं को समझना और किसी भी प्रतियोगी परीक्षा के लिए बेहतर तरीके से तैयार करना आसान बनाता है, चाहे वह जेईई-मेन या एआईपीटीटी हो।

पढ़ने और समझने में सरल: एनसीईआरटी की पुस्तकों में आसानी से समझी जाने वाली भाषा होती है और व्यापक शोध के बाद विशेषज्ञों द्वारा लिखी जाती है। चूंकि ये पुस्तकें अपने दृष्टिकोण में स्पष्ट और प्रत्यक्ष हैं, इसलिए छात्रों के लिए कैनेटीक्स या ऊर्जा जैसे विषयों के तकनीकी पहलुओं को समझना सरल हो जाता है।

यदि आपके पास अवधारणा को समझने और फिर किसी समस्या को हल करने के लिए आवेदन करने की आदत है, तो NCERT पुस्तकें आपके बोर्ड और प्रवेश परीक्षा की तैयारी को शुरू करने के लिए उत्कृष्ट सामग्री प्रदान करती हैं। थोड़ा और मार्गदर्शन और कठिन समस्याओं के संपर्क में आने के बाद, आप वैचारिक प्रश्नों के साथ अद्भुत काम कर सकते हैं।

वरिष्ठ माध्यमिक के लिए विषय-वार विश्लेषण

आइए विषय-वार देखें कि एनसीईआरटी की किताबें बोर्ड परीक्षाओं के लिए पर्याप्त हैं और आपको अतिरिक्त अध्ययन सामग्री का संदर्भ देने पर विचार करना चाहिए।

  • NCERT for Physics: NCERT भौतिकी में ऑप्टिक्स जैसे कुछ अध्याय हैं, जो उत्कृष्ट हैं। पुस्तक को पूरी तरह से समझने के लिए विस्तृत चित्र के साथ अच्छी तरह से चित्रित किया गया है। उनमें से प्रत्येक को समझ लेना सुनिश्चित करें।
  • गणित के लिए NCERT: NCERT पाठ और समस्याओं को पूरी तरह से पढ़ने की जरूरत है, विशेष रूप से LP, त्रिकोणमिति और समन्वित ज्यामिति के लिए। एनसीईआरटी एक्जम्पलर से बड़े पैमाने पर अभ्यास करना महत्वपूर्ण है। यदि आप इन समस्याओं को बहुत कठिन पाते हैं, तो यह पिछले बोर्ड पेपर और कम्पार्टमेंट पेपर का अभ्यास करने के लिए अच्छी तरह से काम करेगा। प्रोबेबिलिटी और 3 डी जियोमेट्री के लिए भी आप एनसीईआरटी पुस्तकों के बाहर से बहुत सारे प्रश्नों की अपेक्षा कर सकते हैं। सभी ने कहा, किसी भी अन्य पुस्तक में कूदने से पहले सुनिश्चित करें कि आप एनसीईआरटी की पुस्तकों को पूरा करें।
  • एनसीईआरटी फॉर केमिस्ट्री: केमिस्ट्री की पाठ्यपुस्तकों की बहुत प्रशंसा की जाती है और छात्रों में सबसे लोकप्रिय भी है। इसकी व्याख्या की सादगी के साथ, कठिन अवधारणाओं से निपटा जाता है और कोई भी पत्थर नहीं छोड़ा जाता है। किसी भी प्रकार की अवधारणाओं को साफ करने के लिए ये आपकी गो-टू बुक्स होनी चाहिए।

अपने बोर्डों में, और कुछ प्रवेश परीक्षाओं में एक हद तक उत्कृष्टता प्राप्त करने के लिए, एनसीईआरटी की पुस्तकों को पूर्ण और पूरी तरह से पढ़ा जाना अनिवार्य है। कोशिश करो और याद करो और साथ ही साथ सभी अवधारणाओं को समझो, जितना आप कर सकते हैं। परिणामी रीडिंग के साथ, आप आसानी से विषय को सीख और समझ सकते हैं। ये पुस्तकें विषय पर सहायक और व्यावहारिक होने के लिए हैं। सुनिश्चित करें कि आप उस सभी लेखक को अवशोषित करते हैं जो आपके लिए समझने का इरादा रखता है।

खुद को सतर्क और तेज रखने के लिए, आपको विभिन्न प्रकार की परीक्षा सामग्री से अभ्यास करना चाहिए। इस तरह, भले ही बोर्ड आउट ऑफ द बॉक्स सवाल फेंकता है, आप इसे हल कर सकते हैं। अपने बोर्ड परीक्षा में सफल होने के लिए, आपको विषय की अच्छी समझ, NCERT पुस्तकों का गहन संशोधन, मन की उपस्थिति और बहुत अधिक मेहनत की आवश्यकता होगी।

NCERT Solutions

प्रत्येक अध्याय के अंत में NCERT पाठ्यपुस्तकों में दिए गए प्रश्न और उत्तर न केवल परीक्षा के लिए महत्वपूर्ण हैं, बल्कि अवधारणाओं को बेहतर तरीके से समझने के लिए आवश्यक हैं। इसलिए, हम दृढ़ता से इन किताबों को अच्छी तरह से पढ़ने और प्रत्येक अध्याय में उचित नोट्स बनाने की सलाह देते हैं जो तेजी से संशोधन करेंगे।

ये मॉडल समाधान NCERT पाठ्यपुस्तकों में सभी प्रश्नों के लिए गहराई से और चरण-दर-चरण समाधान प्रदान करते हैं और छात्रों के लिए एक अपूरणीय समर्थन है जो उन्हें सीखने, असाइनमेंट पर काम करने और परीक्षा की तैयारी में मदद करेंगे।

What is the use of  NCERT Books?

The advantages of NCERT books are listed below:

  1. Useful For Competitive Exams: Most of the competitive exams like JEE Main, NEET, UPSC, FCI and other government job question papers content are derived from the NCERT textbooks only. And for this reason, every aspirant must have a good knowledge of the content present in the NCERT textbooks to crack the exam easily.
  2. Useful for CBSE Students: NCERT Textbooks strictly follow the CBSE circular and thus the students of CBSE must refer NCERT Books for their board exam preparation.
  3. Clears all Fundamental Concepts: NCERT textbooks are not only enough to cover the entire CBSE syllabus but are also enough to cover all the basics and fundamentals on all topics in simple and easy language. Which in turn helps every aspirant to make their concepts crystal clear.
  4.  Offers in-depth Knowledge in Simple Language:All the content which is present in the NCERT textbooks are written by the experts which provide apt information in easy & understandable language. For this reason, the NCERT e – textbooks PDF’s are easily accessible by anyone.

Now that you are provided with all the necessary information regarding NCERT e Textbooks from class 1 to class 12 and we hope this detailed article is helpful. If you have any doubt regarding this article NCERT Books, leave your comments in the comment section below and we will get back to you as soon as possible.

The post NCERT Books for all Classes 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 appeared first on Learn CBSE.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8

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NCERT Solutions for Class 8

Here we have provided Updated NCERT Solutions for Class 8 for 2019 CBSE Board Exams. NCERT Solutions clear your concepts to the core ensuring to stay with you in the long run. These are created by experts in accordance with the CBSE curriculum. You can find 100% accurate step-by-step solutions for every question in all the latest NCERT books. Practice with these daily to perform better in boards.

CBSE Class 8 study materials by LearnCBSE are the best materials to prepare for the final exams. The materials here are provided here for free in PDF format, for all the students. These materials can be easily downloaded and accessed offline as well. Our subject experts and experienced teachers have prepared these materials keeping in mind the latest syllabus(2019-20). Using these materials the students will find it easy to prepare for the exams and score excellent marks. The important materials provided here for Maths, Science, Social Science, English and Hindi subjects are syllabus as per CBSE, solutions for NCERT textbooks, sample papers, previous year question papers, important questions and revision notes.

Students of 8th standard can always use these materials as per their need. Revision notes will help them to have a quick look on all the important concepts, whereas the solutions will give them the best methods to answer the questions in an easier and quicker way. Students can also make use of last year question papers to get an idea of question pattern and practice more questions using sample papers to get an excel on topics.

The post NCERT Solutions for Class 8 appeared first on Learn CBSE.

Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers

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Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers

Real Numbers Class 10 Important Questions Very Short Answer (1 Mark)

Question 1.
The decimal expansion of the rational number \(\frac { 43 }{ { 2 }^{ 4 }{ 5 }^{ 3 } }\) will terminate after how many places of decimals? (2013)
Solution:
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers 1

Question 2.
Write the decimal form of \(\frac { 129 }{ { 2 }^{ 7 }{ 5 }^{ 7 }{ 7 }^{ 5 } }\)
Solution:
Non-terminating non-repeating.

Question 3.
Find the largest number that will divide 398, 436 and 542 leaving remainders 7, 11, and 15 respectively.
Solution:
Algorithm
398 – 7 = 391, 436 – 11 = 425, 542 – 15 = 527
HCF of 391, 425, 527 = 17

You can practice more Grade 8 Real Numbers Common Core Questions and Answers to score good marks in the exams.

Question 4.
Express 98 as a product of its primes.
Solution:
2 × 72

Question 5.
If the HCF of 408 and 1032 is expressible in the form 1032 × 2 + 408 × p, then find the value of p.
Solution:
HCF of 408 and 1032 is 24.
1032 × 2 + 408 × (p) = 24
408p = 24 – 2064
p = -5

Real Numbers Class 10 Important Questions Short Answer-I (2 Marks)

Question 6.
HCF and LCM of two numbers is 9 and 459 respectively. If one of the numbers is 27, find the other number. (2012)
Solution:
We know,
1st number × 2nd number = HCF × LCM
⇒ 27 × 2nd number = 9 × 459
⇒ 2nd number = \(\frac { 9\times 459 }{ 27 }\) = 153

Question 7.
Find HCF and LCM of 13 and 17 by prime factorisation method. (2013)
Solution:
13 = 1 × 13; 17 = 1 × 17
HCF = 1 and LCM = 13 × 17 = 221

Question 8.
Find LCM of numbers whose prime factorisation are expressible as 3 × 52 and 32 × 72. (2014)
Solution:
LCM (3 × 52, 32 × 72) = 32 × 52 × 72 = 9 × 25 × 49 = 11025

Question 9.
Find the LCM of 96 and 360 by using fundamental theorem of arithmetic. (2012)
Solution:
96 = 25 × 3
360 = 23 × 32 × 5
LCM = 25 × 32 × 5 = 32 × 9 × 5 = 1440
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers 2

Question 10.
Find the HCF (865, 255) using Euclid’s division lemma. (2013)
Solution:
865 > 255
865 = 255 × 3 + 100
255 = 100 × 2 + 55
100 = 55 × 1 + 45
55 = 45 × 1 + 10
45 = 10 × 4 + 5
10 = 5 × 2 + 0
The remainder is 0.
HCF = 5
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers 3

Question 11.
Find the largest number which divides 70 and 125 leaving remainder 5 and 8 respectively. (2015)
Solution:
It is given that on dividing 70 by the required number, there is a remainder 5.
This means that 70 – 5 = 65 is exactly divisible by the required number.
Similarly, 125 – 8 = 117 is also exactly divisible by the required number.
65 = 5 × 13
117 = 32 × 13
HCF = 13
Required number = 13

Question 12.
Find the prime factorisation of the denominator of rational number expressed as \(6.\bar { 12 }\) in simplest form. (2014)
Solution:
Let x = \(6.\bar { 12 }\) …(i)
100x = 612.\(\bar { 12 }\) …(ii)
…[Multiplying both sides by 100]
Subtracting (i) from (ii),
99x = 606
x = \(\frac { 606 }{ 99 }\) = \(\frac { 202 }{ 33 }\)
Denominator = 33
Prime factorisation = 3 × 11

Question 13.
Complete the following factor tree and find the composite number x. (2014)
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers 4
Solution:
y = 5 × 13 = 65
x = 3 × 195 = 585

Question 14.
Prove that 2 + 3√5 is an irrational number. (2014)
Solution:
Let us assume, to the contrary, that 2 + 3√5 is rational.
So that we can find integers a and b (b ≠ 0).
Such that 2 + 3√5 = \(\frac { a }{ b }\), where a and b are coprime.
Rearranging the above equation, we get
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers 5
Since a and b are integers, we get \(\frac { a }{ 3b } -\frac { 2 }{ 3 }\) is rational and so √5 is rational.
But this contradicts the fact that √5 is irrational.
So, we conclude that 2 + 3√5 is irrational.

Question 15.
Show that 3√7 is an irrational number. (2016)
Solution:
Let us assume, to the contrary, that 3√7 is rational.
That is, we can find coprime a and b (b ≠ 0) such that 3√7 = \(\frac { a }{ b }\)
Rearranging, we get √7 = \(\frac { a }{ 3b }\)
Since 3, a and b are integers, \(\frac { a }{ 3b }\) is rational, and so √7 is rational.
But this contradicts the fact that √7 is irrational.
So, we conclude that 3√7 is irrational.

Question 16.
Explain why (17 × 5 × 11 × 3 × 2 + 2 × 11) is a composite number? (2015)
Solution:
17 × 5 × 11 × 3 × 2 + 2 × 11 …(i)
= 2 × 11 × (17 × 5 × 3 + 1)
= 2 × 11 × (255 + 1)
= 2 × 11 × 256
Number (i) is divisible by 2, 11 and 256, it has more than 2 prime factors.
Therefore (17 × 5 × 11 × 3 × 2 + 2 × 11) is a composite number.

Question 17.
Check whether 4n can end with the digit 0 for any natural number n. (2015)
Solution:
4n = (22)n = 22n
The only prime in the factorization of 4n is 2.
There is no other prime in the factorization of 4n = 22n
(By uniqueness of the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic).
5 does not occur in the prime factorization of 4n for any n.
Therefore, 4n does not end with the digit zero for any natural number n.

Question 18.
Can two numbers have 15 as their HCF and 175 as their LCM? Give reasons. (2017 OD)
Solution:
No, LCM = Product of the highest power of each factor involved in the numbers.
HCF = Product of the smallest power of each common factor.
We can conclude that LCM is always a multiple of HCF, i.e., LCM = k × HCF
We are given that,
LCM = 175 and HCF = 15
175 = k × 15
⇒ 11.67 = k
But in this case, LCM ≠ k × HCF
Therefore, two numbers cannot have LCM as 175 and HCF as 15.

Real Numbers Class 10 Important Questions Short Answer-II (3 Marks)

Question 19.
Prove that √5 is irrational and hence show that 3 + √5 is also irrational. (2012)
Solution:
Let us assume, to the contrary, that √5 is rational.
So, we can find integers p and q (q ≠ 0), such that
√5 = \(\frac { p }{ q }\), where p and q are coprime.
Squaring both sides, we get
5 = \(\frac { { p }^{ 2 } }{ { q }^{ 2 } }\)
⇒ 5q2 = p2 …(i)
⇒ 5 divides p2
5 divides p
So, let p = 5r
Putting the value of p in (i), we get
5q2 = (5r)2
⇒ 5q2 = 25r2
⇒ q2 = 5r2
⇒ 5 divides q2
5 divides q
So, p and q have atleast 5 as a common factor.
But this contradicts the fact that p and q have no common factor.
So, our assumption is wrong, is irrational.
√5 is irrational, 3 is a rational number.
So, we conclude that 3 + √5 is irrational.

Question 20.
Prove that 3 + 2√3 is an irrational number. (2014)
Solution:
Let us assume to the contrary, that 3 + 2√3 is rational.
So that we can find integers a and b (b ≠ 0).
Such that 3 + 2√3 = \(\frac { a }{ b }\), where a and b are coprime.
Rearranging the equations, we get
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers 6
Since a and b are integers, we get \(\frac { a }{ 2b } -\frac { 3 }{ 2 }\) is rational and so √3 is rational.
But this contradicts the fact that √3 is irrational.
So we conclude that 3 + 2√3 is irrational.

Question 21.
Three bells toll at intervals of 9, 12, 15 minutes respectively. If they start tolling together, after what time will they next toll together? (2013)
Solution:
9 = 32, 12 = 22 × 3, 15 = 3 × 5
LCM = 22 × 32 × 5 = 4 × 9 × 5 = 180 minutes or 3 hours
They will next toll together after 3 hours.

Question 22.
Two tankers contain 850 liters and 680 liters of petrol. Find the maximum capacity of a container which can measure the petrol of each tanker in the exact number of times. (2012)
Solution:
To find the maximum capacity of a container which can measure the petrol of each tanker in the exact number of times, we find the HCF of 850 and 680.
850 = 2 × 52 × 17
680 = 23 × 5 × 17
HCF = 2 × 5 × 17 = 170
Maximum capacity of the container = 170 liters.
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers 7

Question 23.
The length, breadth, and height of a room are 8 m 50 cm, 6 m 25 cm and 4 m 75 cm respectively. Find the length of the longest rod that can measure the dimensions of the room exactly. (2015)
Solution:
To find the length of the longest rod that can measure the dimensions of the room exactly, we have to find HCF.
L, Length = 8 m 50 cm = 850 cm = 21 × 52 × 17
B, Breadth = 6 m 25 cm = 625 cm = 54
H, Height = 4 m 75 cm = 475 cm = 52 × 19
HCF of L, B and H is 52 = 25 cm
Length of the longest rod = 25 cm

Question 24.
Three alarm clocks ring at intervals of 4, 12 and 20 minutes respectively. If they start ringing together, after how much time will they next ring together? (2015)
Solution:
To find the time when the clocks will next ring together,
we have to find LCM of 4, 12 and 20 minutes.
4 = 22
12 = 22 × 3
20 = 22 × 5
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers 8
LCM of 4, 12 and 20 = 22 × 3 × 5 = 60 minutes.
So, the clocks will ring together again after 60 minutes or one hour.

Question 25.
In a school, there are two Sections A and B of class X. There are 48 students in Section A and 60 students in Section B. Determine the least number of books required for the library of the school so that the books can be distributed equally among all students of each Section. (2017 OD)
Solution:
Since the books are to be distributed equally among the students of Section A and Section B. therefore, the number of books must be a multiple of 48 as well as 60.
Hence, required num¬ber of books is the LCM of 48 and 60.
48 = 24 × 3
60 = 22 × 3 × 5
LCM = 24 × 3 × 5 = 16 × 15 = 240
Hence, required number of books is 240.
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers 9

Question 26.
By using Euclid’s algorithm, find the largest number which divides 650 and 1170. (2017 OD)
Solution:
Given numbers are 650 and 1170.
1170 > 650
1170 = 650 × 1 + 520
650 = 520 × 1 + 130
520 = 130 × 4 + 0
HCF = 130
The required largest number is 130.

Question 27.
Find the HCF of 255 and 867 by Euclid’s division algorithm. (2014)
Solution:
867 is greater than 255. We apply the division lemma to 867 and 255, to get
867 = 255 × 3 + 102
We continue the process till the remainder is zero
255 = 102 × 2 + 51
102 = 51 × 2 + 0, the remainder is zero.
HCF = 51
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers 10

Question 28.
Using Euclid’s division algorithm, find whether the pair of numbers 847, 2160 are coprime or not.
To find out the minimum (least) time when the bells toll together next, we find the LCM of 9, 12, 15.
Solution:
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers 11

Real Numbers Class 10 Important Questions Long Answer (4 Marks)

Question 29.
Prove that 3 + 2√5 is irrational. (2012, 2017 D)
Solution:
Let us assume, to the contrary, that 3 + 2√5 is rational
So that we can find integers a and b (b ≠ 0), such that
3 + 2 √5 = \(\frac { a }{ b }\), where a and b are coprime.
Rearranging this equation, we get
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers 12
Since a and b are integers, we get that \(\frac { a }{ 2b }\) – \(\frac { 3 }{ 2 }\) is rational and so √5 is rational.
But this contradicts the fact that √5 is irrational.
So we conclude that 3 + 2√5 is irrational.

Question 30.
There are 104 students in class X and 96 students in class IX in a school. In a house examination, the students are to be evenly seated in parallel rows such that no two adjacent rows are of the same class. (2013)
(a) Find the maximum number of parallel rows of each class for the seating arrange¬ment.
(b) Also, find the number of students of class IX and also of class X in a row.
(c) What is the objective of the school administration behind such an arrangement?
Solution:
104 = 23 × 13
96 = 25 × 3
HCF = 23 = 8
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers 13
(a) Number of rows of students of class X = \(\frac { 104 }{ 8 }\) = 13
Number maximum of rows class IX = \(\frac { 96 }{ 8 }\) = 12
Total number of rows = 13 + 12 = 25
(b) No. of students of class IX in a row = 8
No. of students of class X in a row = 8
(c) The objective of school administration behind such an arrangement is fair and clean examination, so that no student can take help from any other student of his/her class.

Question 31.
Dudhnath has two vessels containing 720 ml and 405 ml of milk respectively. Milk from these containers is poured into glasses of equal capacity to their brim. Find the minimum number of glasses that can be filled. (2014)
Solution:
1st vessel = 720 ml; 2nd vessel = 405 ml
We find the HCF of 720 and 405 to find the maximum quantity of milk to be filled in one glass.
405 = 34 × 5
720 = 24 × 32 × 5
HCF = 32 × 5 = 45 ml = Capacity of glass
No. of glasses filled from 1st vessel = \(\frac { 720 }{ 45 }\) = 16
No. of glasses filled from 2nd vessel = \(\frac { 405 }{ 45 }\) = 9
Total number of glasses = 25

Question 32.
Amita, Sneha, and Raghav start preparing cards for all persons of an old age home. In order to complete one card, they take 10, 16 and 20 minutes respectively. If all of them started together, after what time will they start preparing a new card together? (2013)
Solution:
To find the earliest (least) time, they will start preparing a new card together, we find the LCM of 10, 16 and 20.
10 = 2 × 5
16 = 24
20 = 22 × 5
LCM = 24 × 5 = 16 × 5 = 80 minutes
They will start preparing a new card together after 80 minutes.

Question 33.
Find HCF of numbers 134791, 6341 and 6339 by Euclid’s division algorithm. (2015)
Solution:
First, we find HCF of 6339 and 6341 by Euclid’s division method.
Important Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 Real Numbers 14
6341 > 6339
6341 = 6339 × 1 + 2
6339 = 2 × 3169 + 1
2 = 1 × 2 + 0
HCF of 6341 and 6339 is 1.
Now, we find the HCF of 134791 and 1
134791 = 1 × 134791 + 0
HCF of 134791 and 1 is 1.
Hence, the HCF of the given three numbers is 1.

Question 34.
If two positive integers x and y are expressible in terms of primes as x = p2q3 and y = p3q, what can you say about their LCM and HCF. Is LCM a multiple of HCF? Explain. (2014)
Solution:
x = p2q3 and y = p3q
LCM = p3q3
HCF = p2q …..(i)
Now, LCM = p3q3
⇒ LCM = pq2 (p2q)
⇒ LCM = pq2 (HCF)
Yes, LCM is a multiple of HCF.
Explanation:
Let a = 12 = 22 × 3
b = 18 = 2 × 32
HCF = 2 × 3 = 6 …(ii)
LCM = 22 × 32 = 36
LCM = 6 × 6
LCM = 6 (HCF) …[From (ii)]
Here LCM is 6 times HCF.

Question 35.
Show that one and only one out of n, (n + 1) and (n + 2) is divisible by 3, where n is any positive integer. (2015)
Solution:
Let n, n + 1, n + 2 be three consecutive positive integers.
We know that n is of the form 3q, 3q + 1, or 3q + 2.
Case I. When n = 3q,
In this case, n is divisible by 3,
but n + 1 and n + 2 are not divisible by 3.
Case II. When n = 3q + 1,
In this case n + 2 = (3q + 1) + 2
= 3q + 3
= 3(q + 1 ), (n + 2) is divisible by 3,
but n and n + 1 are not divisible by 3.
Case III.
When n = 3q + 2, in this case,
n + 1 = (3q + 2) + 1
= 3q + 3 = 3 (q + 1 ), (n + 1) is divisible by 3,
but n and n + 2 are not divisible by 3.
Hence, one and only one out of n, n + 1 and n + 2 is divisible by 3.

Question 36.
Find the HCF and LCM of 306 and 657 and verify that LCM × HCF = Product of the two numbers. (2016 D)
Solution:
306 = 2 × 32 × 17
657 = 32 × 73
HCF = 32 = 9
LCM = 2 × 32 × 17 × 73 = 22338
L.H.S. = LCM × HCF = 22338 × 9 = 201042
R.H.S. = Product of two numbers = 306 × 657 = 201042
L.H.S. = R.H.S.

Question 37.
Show that any positive odd integer is of the form 41 + 1 or 4q + 3 where q is a positive integer. (2016 OD)
Solution:
Let a be a positive odd integer
By Euclid’s Division algorithm:
a = 4q + r …[where q, r are positive integers and 0 ≤ r < 4]
a = 4q
or 4q + 1
or 4q + 2
or 4q + 3
But 4q and 4q + 2 are both even
a is of the form 4q + 1 or 4q + 3.

Important Questions for Class 10 Maths

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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 1 ध्वनि

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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 1 ध्वनि are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi. Here we have given solutions for all the questions provided in the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Book Chapter 1.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi Vasant Chapter 1 ध्वनि

प्रश्न-अभ्यास

Question 1.
कवि को ऐसा विश्वास क्यों है कि उसका अंत अभी नहीं होगा?
Solution:
कवि को ऐसा विश्वास इसलिए है क्योंकि अभी उसके मन में नया जोश व उमंग है। अभी उसे काफ़ी नवीन कार्य करने है। वह युवा पीढ़ी को आलस्य की दशा से उबारना चाहते हैं।

Question 2.
फूलों को अनंत तक विकसित करने के लिए कवि कौन-कौन-सा प्रयास करता है?
Solution:
फूलों को अनंत तक विकसित करने के लिए कवि उन्हें कलियों की स्थिति से निकालकर खिले फूल बनाना चाहता है। कवि का मानना है कि उसके जीवन में वसंत आया हुआ है। इसलिए वह कलियों को हाथों के वासंती स्पर्श से खिला देगा। वह फूलों की आँखों से आलस्य हटाकर उन्हें चुस्त व जागरूक करना चाहता है।

Question 3.
कवि पुष्पों की तंद्रा और आलस्य दूर हटाने के लिए क्या करना चाहता है?
Solution:
कवि पुष्पों की तंद्रा और आलस्य दूर हटाने के लिए उन पर अपना हाथ फेरकर उन्हें जगाना चाहता है। वह उनको चुस्त, प्राणवान, आभावान व पुष्पित करना चाहता है।
अतः कवि नींद में पड़े युवकों को प्रेरित करके उनमें नए उत्कर्ष के स्वप्न जगह देगा, उनका आलस्य दूर भगा देगा तथा उनमें नये उत्साह का संचार करना चाहता है।

Question 4.
वसंत को ऋतुराज क्यों कहा जाता है? आपस में चर्चा कीजिए।
Solution:
वसंत को ऋतुराज कहा जाता है क्योंकि यह सभी ऋतुओं का राजा है। इस ऋतु में प्रकृति पूरे यौवन होती है। इस ऋतु के आने पर सर्दी कम हो जाती है। मौसम सुहावना हो जाता है। इस समय पंचतत्व अपना प्रकोप छोड़कर सुहावने रूप में प्रकट होते हैं। पंचतत्व जल, वायु, धरती, आकाश और अग्नि सभी अपना मोहक रूप दिखाते हैं। पेड़ों में नए पत्ते आने लगते हैं। आम बौरों से लद जाते हैं और खेत सरसों के फूलों से भरे पीले दिखाई देते हैं। सरसों के पीले फूल ऋतुराज के आगमन की घोषणा करते हैं। खेतों में फूली हुई सरसों, पवन के झोंकों से हिलती, ऐसी दिखाई देती है, मानो, सामने सोने का सागर लहरा रहा हो। कोयल पंचम स्वर में गाती है और सभी को कुहू-कुहू की आवाज़ से मंत्रमुग्ध करती है। इस ऋतु में उसकी छठा देखते ही बनती है। इस ऋतु में कई प्रमुख त्यौहार मनाए जाते हैं, जैसे – वसंत पंचमी, महा शिवरात्रि, होली आदि।

Question 5.
वसंत ऋतु में आनेवाले त्योहारों के विषय में जानकारी एकत्र कीजिए और किसी एक त्योहार पर निबंध लिखिए।
Solution:
वसंत ऋतु में कई त्यौहार मनाए जाते है, जैसे – वसंत-पंचमी, महा शिवरात्रि, होली आदि।
होली
हमारा देश भारत विश्व का अकेला एवं ऐसा अनूठा देश है, जहँ पूरे साल कोर्इ न कोर्इ त्योहार मनाया जाता है। रंगों का त्योहार होली हिंदुओं का प्रसि़द्ध त्योहार है, जो फाल्गुन मास की पूर्णिमा को मनाया जाता है।
यह त्योहार रंग एवं उमंग का अनुपम त्योहार है जब वसंत अपने पूरे यौवन पर होता है। सर्दी को विदा देने और ग्रीष्म का स्वागत करने के लिए इसे मनाया जाता है। संस्कृत साहित्य में इस त्योहार को ‘मदनोत्सव’ के नाम से भी पुकारा जाता है।
होली के संबंध में एक पौराणिक कथा प्रचलित है कि भगवान विष्णु के परम भक्त प्रहलाद को अग्नि में जलाने के प्रयास में उसकी बुआ ‘होलिका’ अग्नि में जलकर स्वाहा हो गर्इ थी। इसी घटना को याद कर प्रतिवर्ष होलिका दहन किया जाता है। दूसरे दिन फाग खेला जाता है। इस दिन छोटे-बड़े, अमीर-गरीब आदि का भेदभाव मिट जाता है। सब एक दूसरे पर रंग फेंकते हैं, गुलाल लगाते हैं और गले मिलते हैं। चारों ओर आनंद, मस्ती और उल्लास का समाँ बँध जाता है। ढोल पर थिरकते, मजीरों की ताल पर झूमते, नाचते-गाते लोग आपसी भेदभाव भुलाकर अपने शत्रु को भी गले लगा लेते हैं। परन्तु कुछ लोग अशोभनीय व्यवहार कर इस त्योहार की पवित्रता को नष्ट कर देते हैं।
हमारा कर्तव्य है कि हम होली का त्योहार उसके आदर्शो के अनुरूप मनाएँ तथा आपसी वैमनस्य, वैर-भाव, घृणा आदि को जलाकर एक-दूसरे पर गुलाल लगाकर आपस में प्रेम, एकता और सद्भाव बढ़ाने का प्रयास करें।
“होली के अवसर पर आओ एक दूजे पर गुलाल लगाएँ
अपने सब भेदभाव भूलाकर, प्रेम और सद्भाव बढाएँ”

भाषा की बात

Question 1.
‘हरे-हरे’, ‘पुष्प-पुष्प’ में एक शब्द की एक ही अर्थ में पुनरावृत्ति हुई है।
कविता के ‘हरे-हरे ये पात’ वाक्यांश में ‘हरे-हरे’ शब्द युग्म पत्तों के लिए विशेषण के रूप में प्रयुक्त हुए हैं। यहाँ ‘पात’ शब्द बहुवचन में प्रयुक्त है।
ऐसा प्रयोग भी होता है जब कर्ता या विशेष्य एक वचन में हो और कर्म, या क्रिया या विशेषण बहुवचन में; जैसे – वह लंबी-चौड़ी बातें करने लगा।
कविता में एक ही शब्द का एक से अधिक अर्थों में भी प्रयोग होता है – ”तीन बेर खाती ते वे तीन बेर खाती है।” जो तीन बार खाती थी वह तीन बेर खाने लगी है।
एक शब्द ‘बेर’ का दो अर्थों में प्रयोग करने से वाक्य में चमत्कार आ गया। इसे यमक अलंकार कहा जाता है।
कभी-कभी उच्चारण की समानता से शब्दों की पुनरावृत्ति का आभास होता है जबकि दोनों दो प्रकार के शब्द होते हैं; जैसे – मन का/मनका।
ऐसे वाक्यों को एकत्र कीजिए जिनमें एक ही शब्द की पुनरावृत्ति हो।
ऐसे प्रयोगों को ध्यान से देखिए और निम्नलिखित पुनरावृत शब्दों का वाक्य में प्रयोग कीजिए –
बातों-बातों में, रह-रहकर, लाल-लाल, सुबह-सुबह, रातों-
रात, घड़ी-घड़ी।
Solution:
बातों-बातों में – बातों-बातों में कब घर आ गया पता ही नहीं चला।
रह-रहकर – कल रात से रह-रहकर बारिश हो रही है।
लाल-लाल – लाल-लाल आँखों से पिताजी अमर को घूर रहें थे।
सुबह-सुबह – दादीजी सुबह-सुबह ही पूजा करने मंदिर निकल जाती हैं।
रातों-रात – ईश्वर की कृपा से रामन रातों-रात अमीर हो गया।
घड़ी-घड़ी – घड़ी-घड़ी शिक्षक उसे पढ़ाई में ध्यान लगाने के लिए टोकते रहते थे।

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NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Hindi Kshitiz Chapter 1 पद

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Formulae Handbook for Class 10 Maths and Science

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Hindi Kshitiz Chapter 1 पद is part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Hindi. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Hindi Kshitiz Chapter 1 पद.

Board CBSE
Textbook NCERT
Class Class 10
Subject Hindi Kshitiz
Chapter Chapter 1
Chapter Name पद
Number of Questions Solved 27
Category NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Hindi Kshitiz Chapter 1 पद

प्रश्न 1.
गोपियों द्वारा उद्धव को भाग्यवान कहने में क्या व्यंग्य निहित है?
उत्तर-
गोपियों द्वारा उद्धव को भाग्यवान कहने में वक्रोक्ति है। वे दीखने में प्रशंसा कर रही हैं किंतु वास्तव में कहना चाह रही हैं कि तुम बड़े अभागे हो कि प्रेम का अनुभव नहीं कर सके। न किसी के हो सके, न किसी को अपना बना सके। तुमने प्रेम का आनंद जाना ही नहीं। यह तुम्हारा दुर्भाग्य है।

You can also download NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science to help you to revise complete syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

प्रश्न 2.
उद्धव के व्यवहार की तुलना किस-किस से की गई है?
उत्तर-
उद्धव के व्यवहार की तुलना दो वस्तुओं से की गई है

  • कमल के पत्ते से जो पानी में रहकर भी गीला नहीं होता है।
  • तेल में डूबी गागर से जो तेल के कारण पानी से गीली नहीं होती है।

प्रश्न 3.
गोपियों ने किन-किन उदाहरणों के माध्यम से उद्धव को उलाहने दिए हैं?
उत्तर-
गोपियों ने निम्नलिखित उदाहरणों के माध्यम से उद्धव को उलाहने दिए हैं ।

  1. उन्होंने कहा कि उनकी प्रेम-भावना उनके मन में ही रह गई है। वे न तो कृष्ण से अपनी बात कह पाती हैं, न अन्य किसी से।
  2. वे कृष्ण के आने की इंतज़ार में ही जी रही थीं, किंतु कृष्ण ने स्वयं न आकर योग-संदेश भिजवा दिया। इससे उनकी विरह-व्यथा और अधिक बढ़ गई है।
  3. वे कृष्ण से रक्षा की गुहार लगाना चाह रही थीं, वहाँ से प्रेम का संदेश चाह रही थीं। परंतु वहीं से योग-संदेश की धारा को आया देखकर उनका दिल टूट गया।
  4. वे कृष्ण से अपेक्षा करती थीं कि वे उनके प्रेम की मर्यादा को रखेंगे। वे उनके प्रेम का बदला प्रेम से देंगे। किंतु उन्होंने योग-संदेश भेजकर प्रेम की मर्यादा ही तोड़ डाली।

प्रश्न 4.
उद्धव द्वारा दिए गए योग के संदेश ने गोपियों की विरहाग्नि में घी का काम कैसे किया?
उत्तर-
श्रीकृष्ण के मथुरा चले जाने पर गोपियाँ पहले से विरहाग्नि में जल रही थीं। वे श्रीकृष्ण के प्रेम-संदेश और उनके आने की प्रतीक्षा कर रही थीं। ऐसे में श्रीकृष्ण ने उन्हें योग साधना का संदेश भेज दिया जिससे उनकी व्यथा कम होने के बजाय और भी बढ़ गई । इस तरह उद्धव द्वारा दिए गए योग के संदेशों ने गोपियों की विरहाग्नि में घी का काम किया।

प्रश्न 5.
‘मरजादा न लही’ के माध्यम से कौन-सी मर्यादा न रहने की बात की जा रही है?
उत्तर-
प्रेम की यही मर्यादा है कि प्रेमी और प्रेमिका दोनों प्रेम को निभाएँ। वे प्रेम की सच्ची भावना को समझें और उसकी मर्यादा की रक्षा करें। परंतु कृष्ण ने गोपियों से प्रेम निभाने की बजाय उनके लिए नीरस योग-संदेश भेज दिया, जो कि एक छलावा था, भटकाव था। इसी छल को गोपियों ने मर्यादा का उल्लंघन कहा है।

प्रश्न 6.
कृष्ण के प्रति अपने अनन्य प्रेम को गोपियों ने किस प्रकार अभिव्यक्त किया है?
उत्तर-
गोपियों ने कृष्ण के प्रति अपनी अनन्य भक्ति की अभिव्यक्ति निम्नलिखित रूपों में करती हैं

  • वे अपनी स्थिति गुड़ से चिपटी चींटियों जैसी पाती हैं जो किसी भी दशा में कृष्ण प्रेम से दूर नहीं रह सकती हैं।
  • वे श्रीकृष्ण को हारिल की लकड़ी के समान मानती हैं।
  • वे श्रीकृष्ण के प्रति मन-कर्म और वचन से समर्पित हैं।
  • वे सोते-जागते, दिन-रात कृष्ण का जाप करती हैं।
  • उन्हें कृष्ण प्रेम के आगे योग संदेश कड़वी ककड़ी जैसा लगता है।

प्रश्न 7.
गोपियों ने उधव से योग की शिक्षा कैसे लोगों को देने की बात कही है?
उत्तर-
गोपियों ने उद्धव को कहा है कि वे योग की शिक्षा ऐसे लोगों को दें जिनके मन स्थिर नहीं हैं। जिनके हृदयों में कृष्ण के प्रति सच्चा प्रेम नहीं है। जिनके मन में भटकाव है, दुविधा है, भ्रम है और चक्कर हैं।

प्रश्न 8.
प्रस्तुत पदों के आधार पर गोपियों का योग-साधना के प्रति दृष्टिकोण स्पष्ट करें।
उत्तर-
सूरदास द्वारा रचित इन पदों में गोपियों की कृष्ण के प्रति एकनिष्ठ प्रेम, भक्ति, आसक्ति और स्नेहमयता प्रकट हुई है। जिस पर किसी अन्य का असर अप्रभावित रह जाता है। गोपियों पर श्रीकृष्ण के प्रेम का ऐसा रंग चढ़ा है कि खुद कृष्ण का भेजा योग संदेश कड़वी ककड़ी और रोग-व्याधि के समान लगता है, जिसे वे किसी भी दशा में अपनाने को तैयार नहीं हैं।

प्रश्न 9.
गोपियों के अनुसार राजा का धर्म क्या होना चाहिए?
उत्तर-
गोपियों के अनुसार, राजा का धर्म यह होना चाहिए कि वह प्रजा को अन्याय से बचाए। उन्हें सताए जाने से रोके।

प्रश्न 10.
गोपियों को कृष्ण में ऐसे कौन-से परिवर्तन दिखाई दिए जिनके कारण वे अपना मन वापस पा लेने की बात कहती हैं?
उत्तर-
गोपियों को कृष्ण में ऐसे अनेक परिवर्तन दिखाई दिए जिनके कारण वे अपना मन श्रीकृष्ण से वापस पाना चाहती हैं; जैसे

  • श्रीकृष्ण ने अब राजनीति पढ़ लिया है जिससे उनके व्यवहार में छल-कपट आ गया है।
  • श्रीकृष्ण को अब प्रेम की मर्यादा पालन का ध्यान नहीं रह गया है।
  • श्रीकृष्ण अब राजधर्म भूलते जा रहे हैं।
  • दूसरों के अत्याचार छुड़ाने वाले श्रीकृष्ण अब स्वयं अनीति पर उतर आए हैं।

प्रश्न 11.
गोपियों ने अपने वाक्चातुर्य के आधार पर ज्ञानी उद्धव को परास्त कर दिया, उनके वाक्चातुर्य की विशेषताएँ लिखिए?
उत्तर-
गोपियाँ वाक्चतुर हैं। वे बात बनाने में किसी को भी पछाड़ देती हैं। यहाँ तक कि ज्ञानी उद्धव उनके सामने गैंगे होकर खड़े रह जाते हैं। कारण यह है कि गोपियों के हृदय में कृष्ण-प्रेम का सच्चा ज्वार है। यही उमड़ाव, यही जबरदस्त आवेग उद्धव की बोलती बंद कर देता है। सच्चे प्रेम में इतनी शक्ति है कि बड़े-से-बड़ा ज्ञानी भी उसके सामने घुटने टेक देता है।

प्रश्न 12.
संकलित पदों को ध्यान में रखते हुए सूर के भ्रमरगीत की मुख्य विशेषताएँ बताइए?
उत्तर-
सूरदास के पदों के आधार पर भ्रमरगीत की कुछ विशेषताएँ निम्नलिखित हैं

  1. सूरदास के भ्रमरगीत में विरह व्यथा का मार्मिक वर्णन है।
  2. इस गीत में सगुण ब्रह्म की सराहना है।
  3. इसमें गोपियों के माध्यम से उपालंभ, वाक्पटुता, व्यंग्यात्मकता का भाव मुखरित हुआ है।
  4. गोपियों का कृष्ण के प्रति एकनिष्ठ प्रेम का प्रदर्शन है।
  5. उद्धव के ज्ञान पर गोपियों के वाक्चातुर्य और प्रेम की विजय का चित्रण है।
  6. पदों में गेयता और संगीतात्मकता का गुण है।

रचना और अभिव्यक्ति

प्रश्न 13.
गोपियों ने उद्धव के सामने तरह-तरह के तर्क दिए हैं, आप अपनी कल्पना से और तर्क दीजिए।
उत्तर-
गोपियाँ-ऊधौ! यदि यह योग-संदेश इतना ही प्रभावशाली है तो कृष्ण इसे कुब्जा को क्यों नहीं देते? तुम यों करो, यह योग कुब्जा को जाकर दो। और बताओ! जिसकी जुबान पर मीठी खाँड का स्वाद चढ़ गया हो, वह योग रूपी निबौरी क्यों खाएगा? फिर यह भी तो सोचो कि योग-मार्ग कठिन है। इसमें कठिन साधना करनी पड़ती है। हम गोपियाँ कोमल शरीर वाली और मधुर मन वाली हैं। हमसे यह कठोर साधना कैसे हो पाएगी। हमारे लिए यह मार्ग असंभव है।

प्रश्न 14.
उद्धव ज्ञानी थे, नीति की बातें जानते थे; गोपियों के पास ऐसी कौन-सी शक्ति थी जो उनके वाक्चातुर्य में मुखरित हो उठी?
उत्तर-
उद्धव ज्ञानी थे, नीति की बातें जानते थे परंतु उन्हें व्यावहारिकता का अनुभव नहीं था। गोपियों ने यह जान लिया था कि उद्धव को श्रीकृष्ण से अनुराग नहीं हो सका, इसलिए उन्होंने कहा था, ‘प्रीति नदी में पाउँ न बोरयो’। उद्धव के पास इसका कोई जवाब न था। इससे गोपियों का वाक्चातुर्य मुखरित हो उठा। गोपियाँ कृष्ण के प्रति असीम, अथाह लगाव रखती थी। जबकि उद्धव को प्रेम जैसी भावना से कोई मतलब न था। उद्धव को इस स्थिति में चुप देखकर उनकी वाक्चातुर्य और भी मुखर हो उठी।

प्रश्न 15.
गोपियों ने यह क्यों कहा कि हरि अब राजनीति पढ़ आए हैं? क्या आपको गोपियों के इस कथन का विस्तार समकालीन राजनीति में नज़र आता है, स्पष्ट कीजिए।
उत्तर-
जब गोपियों ने देखा कि जिस कृष्ण की वे बहुत समय से प्रतीक्षा कर रही थीं, वे नहीं आए। उसकी जगह कृष्ण से दूर ले जाने वाला योग-संदेश आ गया तो उन्हें इसमें कृष्ण की एक चाल नज़र आई। वे इसे अपने साथ छल समझने लगीं। इसीलिए उन्होंने आरोप लगाया कि
हरि हैं राजनीति पढ़ि आए।

आज की राजनीति तो सिर से पैर तक छल-कपट से भरी हुई है। किसी को किसी भी राजनेता के वायदों पर विश्वास नहीं रह गया है। नेता बातों से नदियाँ, पुल, सड़कें और न जाने क्या-क्या बनाते हैं किंतु जनता लुटी-पिटी-सी नजर आती है। आज़ादी के बाद से गरीबी हटाओ का नारा लग रहा है किंतु तब से लेकर आज तक गरीबों की कुल संख्या में वृद्धि ही हुई है। इसलिए गोपियों का यह कथन समकालीन राजनीति पर खरा उतरता है।

अन्य पाठेतर हल प्रश्न

प्रश्न 1.
गोपियों ने उद्धवे को बड़भागी क्यों कहा है?
उत्तर-
गोपियों ने उद्धव को इसलिए बड़भागी कहा है क्योंकि उद्धव श्रीकृष्ण के प्रेम से दूर हैं। उन्हें कृष्ण का प्रेम अपने बंधन में न बाँध सका। ऐसे में उद्धव को प्रेम की वैसी पीड़ा नहीं झेलनी पड़ रही है जैसी गोपियाँ झेलने को विवश हैं।

प्रश्न 2.
‘गुर चाँटी ज्यों पागी’ कहने से गोपियों की किस मनोदशा की अभिव्यक्ति होती है?
उत्तर-
‘गुर चाँटी ज्यों पागी’ से गोपियों का कृष्ण के प्रति एकनिष्ठ प्रेम की अभिव्यक्ति का ज्ञान होता है। गोपियों की मनोदशा ठीक वैसी ही है जैसी गुड़ से चिपटी चीटियों की होती है। जिस तरह चीटियाँ किसी भी दशा में गुड़ को नहीं छोड़ना चाहती हैं उसी प्रकार गोपियाँ भी कृष्ण को नहीं छोड़ना चाहती हैं।

प्रश्न 3.
गोपियों ने अपने लिए कृष्ण को हारिल की लकड़ी के समान क्यों बताया है?
उत्तर-
गोपियों ने अपने लिए कृष्ण को हारिल की लकड़ी के समान इसलिए बताया है क्योंकि जिस प्रकार हारिल पक्षी अपने पंजे में दबी लकड़ी को आधार मानकर उड़ता है उसी प्रकार गोपियों ने अपने जीवन का आधार कृष्ण को मान रखा है।

प्रश्न 4.
ऐसी कौन-सी बात थी जिसे गोपियों को अपने मन में दबाए रखने के लिए विवश होना पड़ा?
उत्तर-
गोपियाँ कृष्ण से अनन्य प्रेम करती थीं। अब जब कृष्ण ब्रज से मथुरा चले गए तब भी गोपियाँ उनसे वैसा ही प्रेम करती थीं। गोपियाँ चाहती थीं कि वे कृष्ण के दर्शन करें और अपने प्रेम की अभिव्यक्ति उनसे करें। वे इन बातों को उद्धव से नहीं कर सकती थीं। यही बात उनके मन में दबी रह गई।

प्रश्न 5.
‘कमल के पत्ते’ और ‘तेल लगी गागर’ की क्या विशेषता होती है?
उत्तर-
कमल का पत्ता इतना चिकना होता है कि पानी की बूंद उस पर ठहर नहीं सकती है इसलिए कमल का पत्ता पानी में रहने पर भी गीला नहीं होता है। इसी प्रकार तेल लगी गागर को जब पानी में डुबोया जाता है तो उसे भी पानी छू नहीं पाता है और वह सूखी की सूखी रह जाती है।

प्रश्न 6.
गोपियों ने स्वयं को अबला और भोली कहा है। आपकी दृष्टि से उनका ऐसा कहना कितना उपयुक्त है?
उत्तर-
गोपियों ने स्वयं को अबला और भोली कहा है पर मेरी दृष्टि में ऐसा नहीं है। गोपियाँ कृष्ण से दूर रहकर भी उनके प्यार में अनुरक्त हैं। वे स्वयं को कृष्ण के प्रेमबंधन में बँधी पाती हैं। जिसे कृष्ण से इस तरह का प्रेम मिल रहा हो वह अबला और भोली नहीं हो सकती है।

प्रश्न 7.
‘प्रीति नदी में पाउँ न बोयो’ का आशय स्पष्ट कीजिए। ऐसा किसके लिए कहा गया है?
उत्तर-
‘प्रीति नदी में पाउँ न बोयो’ का आशय है कि-प्रेम रूपी नदी में पैर न डुबोना। अर्थात् किसी से प्रेम न करना और प्रेम का महत्त्व न समझना। ऐसा उन उद्धव के लिए कहा गया है, जो कृष्ण के पास रहकर भी उनके प्रेम से अछूते बने रहे।

प्रश्न 8.
गोपियाँ किस आधार पर विरह व्यथा सह रही थीं?
उत्तर-
मथुरा जाते समय श्रीकृष्ण ने गोपियों से एक निश्चित समय सीमा की ओर संकेत करके कहा था कि इतने समय के बाद ब्रज वापस आ जाएँगे। उसी आने की अवधि को आधार बनाकर गोपियाँ तन और मन की विरह व्यथा सह रही थीं।

प्रश्न 9.
गोपियों को मदद मिलने की आशा कहाँ लगी थी, पर उनकी यह आशा निराशा में कैसे बदल गई?
उत्तर-
गोपियाँ जो विरह-व्यथा झेलने को विवश थीं, को श्रीकृष्ण की ओर दर्शन और प्रेम संदेश के रूप में मदद मिलने की आशा लगी थी पर जब कृष्ण ने ही उद्धव के हाथों योग-संदेश भिजवाया तो उनकी यह आशा निराशा में बदल गई।

प्रश्न 10.
गोपियाँ अब धैर्य क्यों रखना चाहती हैं?
उत्तर-
गोपियों को श्रीकृष्ण की ओर प्रेम के प्रतिदान और शीघ्र आकर दर्शन देने की आशा लगी थी। उन्होंने कृष्ण का प्रेम पाने के लिए सामाजिक मर्यादा की परवाह नहीं की। इसके विपरीत श्रीकृष्ण ने प्रेम की मर्यादा का निर्वाह नहीं किया। इस कारण अब गोपियाँ धैर्य नहीं धारण करना चाहती हैं।

प्रश्न 11.
उद्धव गोपियों के पाए जिस उद्देश्य से आए थे, उसमें सफल नहीं हो सके?
उत्तर-
उद्धव गोपियों के पास ज्ञान और योग साधना का महत्त्व बताने और उसे अपनाने की सीख देने आए थे, परंतु उद्धव इस उद्देश्य में सफल न हो सके क्योंकि उद्धव को अपने ज्ञान और योग का घमंड सवार था। वे गोपियों के आदर्श प्रेम और उनकी मनोदशा समझ पाने में सर्वथा अनभिज्ञ रहे।

प्रश्न 12.
गोपियों ने कृष्ण को राजधर्म की बात क्यों याद दिलाई?
उत्तर-
गोपियों ने कृष्ण को राजधर्म की बात इसलिए याद दिलाई क्योंकि श्रीकृष्ण प्रेम में डूबी गोपियों के लिए योग संदेश भेजकर उनके साथ अनीति भरो आचरण कर रहे थे। उनका मानना था कि राजा अपनी प्रजा की भलाई की बात सदैव सोचता है। जबकि कृष्ण ऐसा नहीं कर रहे थे।

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NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers

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NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers Ex 1.1

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers Exercise 1.1
Ex 1.1 Class 7 Maths Question 1.
Following number line shows the temperature in degree Celsius (°C) at different places on a particular day.
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers 1
(a) Observe this number line and write the temperature of the places marked on it.
(b) What is the temperature difference between the hottest and the coldest places among the above?
(c) What is the temperature difference between Lahulspriti and Srinagar?
(d) Can we say temperature of Srinagar and Shimla taken together is less than the temperature at Shimla? Is it also less than the temperature at Srinagar?
Solution:
(a) From the given number line, we observe the following temperatures.

Cities Temperature
Lahulspriti -8°C
Srinagar -2°C
Shimla 5°C
Ooty 14°C
Bengaluru 22°C

(b) The temperature of the hottest place = 22°C
The temperature of the coldest place = -8°C
Difference = 22°C – (-8°C)
= 22°C + 8°C = 30°C
(c) Temperature of Lahulspriti = -8°C
Temperature of Srinagar = -2°C
∴ Difference = -2°C – (-8°C)
= -2°C + 8°C = 6°C
(d) Temperature of Srinagar = -2°C
Temperature of Shimla = 5°C
∴ Temperature of the above cities taken together
= -2°C + 5°C = 3°C
Temperature of Shimla = 5°C
Hence, the temperature of Srinagar and Shimla taken together is less than that of Shimla by 2°C.
i.e., (5°C – 3°C) = 2°C

Ex 1.1 Class 7 Maths Question 2.
In a quiz, positive marks are given for correct answers and negative marks are given for incorrect answers. If Jack’s scores in five successive rounds were 25, -5, -10, 15 and 10, what was his total at the end?
Solution:
Given scores are 25, -5, -10, 15, 10
Marks given for correct answers
= 25 + 15 + 10 = 50
Marks given for incorrect answers
= (-5) + (-10) = -15
∴ Total marks given at the end
= 50 + (-15) = 50 – 15 = 35

Ex 1.1 Class 7 Maths Question 3.
At Srinagar temperature was -5°C on Monday and then it dropped by 2°C on Tuesday. What was the temperature of Srinagar on Tuesday? On Wednesday, it rose by 4°C. What was the temperature on this day?
Solution:
Initial temperature of Srinagar on Monday = -5°C
Temperature on Tuesday = -5°C – 2°C = -7°C
Temperature was increased by 4°C on Wednesday.
∴ Temperature on Wednesday
= -7°C + 4°C = -3°C
Hence, the required temperature on Tuesday = -7°C
and the temperature on Wednesday = -3°C

Ex 1.1 Class 7 Maths Question 4.
A plane is flying at the height of 5000 m above the sea level. At a particular point, it is exactly above a submarine flowing 1200 m below the sea level. What is the vertical distance between them?
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers 2
Solution:
Height of the flying plane = 5000 m
Depth of the submarine = -1200 m
∴ Distance between them
= + 5000 m – (-1200 m)
= 5000 m + 1200 m = 6200 m
Hence, the vertical distance = 6200 m

Ex 1.1 Class 7 Maths Question 5.
Mohan deposits ₹ 2,000 in a bank account and withdraws ₹ 1,642 from it, the next day. If withdrawal of amount from the account is represented by a negative integer, then how will you represent the amount deposited? Find the balance in Mohan’s account after the withdrawal.
Solution:
The deposited amount will be represented by a positive integer i.e., ₹ 2000.
Amount withdrawn = ₹ 1,642
∴ Balance in the account
= ₹ 2,000 – ₹ 1,642 = ₹ 358
Hence, the balance in Mohan’s account after the withdrawal
= ₹ 358

Ex 1.1 Class 7 Maths Question 6.
Rita goes 20 km towards east from a point A to the point B. From B, she moves 30 km towards west along the same road. If the distance towards east is represented by a positive integer, then how will you represent her final position from A?
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers 3
Solution:
Distances travelled towards east from point A will be represented by positive integer i.e. +20 km.
Distance travelled towards the west from point B will be represented by negative integer, i.e., —30 km.
Final position of Rita from A
= 20 km – 30 km = – 10 km
Hence, the required position of Rita will be presented by a negative number, i.e., -10.

Ex 1.1 Class 7 Maths Question 7.
In a magic square each row, column and the diagonal have the same sum. Check which of the following is a magic square?
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers 7
Solution:
(i) Row one R1 = 5 + (-1) + (—4)
=5 – 1 – 4 = 5 – 5 = 0
Row two R2 = (-5) + (-2) + 7
= -5 – 2 + 7 = -7 + 7 = 0
Row three R3 = 0 + 3 + (-3)
= 0 + 3- 3 = 0
Column one C1t = 5 + (-5) + 0
= 5 – 5 + 0 = 0
Column two C2 = (-1) + (-2) + (3)
=-1 – 2 + 3 = -3 + 3 = 0
Column three C3 = (-4) + 7 + (-3)
= -4 + 7 – 3 = 7 – 7 = 0
Diagonal d12 = 5 + (-2) + (-3)
= 5 – 2- 3 = 5 – 5 = 0
Diagonal d2 = (-4) + (-2) + 0
= -4 – 2 + 0 = -6 + 0 = -6
Here, the sum of the integers of diagonal d2 is different from the others.
Hence, it is not a magic square.

(ii) Row one R1 = 1 + (-10) + 0
= 1 – 10 + 0 = -9
Row two R2 = (-4) + (-3) + (-2)
= -4 – 3 – 2 = -9
Row three R3 = (-6) + (4) + (-7)
= -6 + 4 – 7 = -9
Column one C3 = 1 + (-4) + (-6)
= 1 – 4 – 6 = -9
Column two C2 = (-10) + (-3) + 4
= -10 – 3 + 4 = -9
Column three C3 = 0 + (-2) + (-7)
= 0 – 2 -7 = -9
Diagonal d1 = 1 + (-3) + (-7)
= 1 – 3 – 7 = 1 – 10 = -9
Diagonal d2 = 0 + (-3) + (-6)
= 0 – 3- 6 = -9
Here, sum of the integers column wise, row wise and diagonally is same i.e. -9.
Hence, (ii) is a magic square.

Ex 1.1 Class 7 Maths Question 8.
Verify a – (-b) = a + b for the following values of a and 6.
(i) a = 21, b = 18
(ii) a = 118, b = 125
(iii) a = 75, b = 84
(iv) a= 28, 6 = 11
Solution:
(i) a – (-b) = a + b
LHS = 21 – (-18) = 21 + 18 = 39
RHS = 21 + 18 = 39
LHS = RHS Hence, verified.

(ii) a – (-b) = a + b
LHS = 118 – (-125) = 118 + 125 = 243
RHS = 118 + 125 = 243
LHS = RHS Hence, verified.

(iii) a – (-b) = a + b
LHS = 75 – (-84) = 75 + 84 = 159
RHS = 75 + 84 = 159
LHS = RHS Hence, verified.

(iv) a – (-b) = a + b
LHS = 28 – (-11) = 28 + 11 = 39
RHS = 28 + 11 = 28 + 11 = 39
LHS = RHS Hence, verified.

Ex 1.1 Class 7 Maths Question 9.
Use the sign of >, < or = in the box to make the statements true.
(a) (-8) +(-4) □(-8)-(-4)
(b) (-3) + 7 – (19) □ 15 – 8 + (-9)
(c) 23 – 41 + 11 □ 23 – 41 – 11
(d) 39 + (-24) – (15) □ 36 + (-52) – (-36)
(e) -231 + 79 + 51 □ -399 + 159 + 81
Solution:
(a) (-8) + (-4) □ (-8) – (-4)
LHS = (-8) + (-4) = -8 – 4 = – 12
RHS = (-8) – (-4) = -8 + 4 = -4
Here – 12 < -4
Hence, (-8) + (-4) [<] (-8) – (-4)

(b) (-3) + 7 – (19) □ 15 – 8 + (-9)
LHS = (-3) + 7 – (19) =-3 + 7-19
= -3 – 19 + 7
= -22 + 1 = -15
RHS = 15 – 8 + (-9)
= 15-8-9
= 15 – 17 = -2
Here -15 < -2
Hence, (-3) + 7 – (19) [<] 15 – 8 + (-9)

(c) 23 – 41 + 11 □ 23 – 41 – 11
LHS = 23 – 41 + 11 = 23 + 11 – 41 = 34 – 41 = -7
RHS = 23 – 41 – 11 = 23 – 52 = -29 Here, -7 > -29
Hence, 23 – 41 + 11 [>] 23 – 41 – 11

(d) 39 + (-24) – (15) □ 36 + (-52) – (-36)
LHS = 39 + (-24) – (15)
= 39 – 24 – 15
= 39 – 39 = 0
RHS = 36 + (-52) – (-36) = 36 – 52 + 36
= 36 + 36 – 52
= 72 – 52 = 20
Here 0 < 20
Hence, 39 + (-24) – (15) [<] 36 + (-52) – (-36)

(e) -231 + 79 + 51 □ -399 + 159 + 81
LHS = -231 + 79 + 51 = -231 + 130 = -101
RHS = -399 + 159 + 81 = -399 + 240 = -159
Here, -101 > -159
Hence, -231 + 79 + 51 [>] -399 + 159 + 81

Ex 1.1 Class 7 Maths Question 10.
A water tank has steps inside it. A monkey is sitting on the topmost step (i.e., the first step). The water level is at the ninth step.
(i) He jumps 3 steps down and then jumps back 2 steps up. In how many jumps will he reach the water level?
(ii) After drinking water, he wants to go back. For this, he jumps 4 steps up and then jumps back 2 steps down in every move. In how many jumps will he reach back the top step?
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers 4
(iii) If the number of steps moved down is represented by negative integers and the number of steps moved up by positive integers, represent his move in part (t) and (ii) by completing the following:
(a) – 3 + 2 – … = -8
(b) 4 – 2 + … = 8. In (a) the sum (-8) represents going down by eight steps. So, what will the sum 8 in
(b) represent?
Solution:
(i) The position of monkey after the
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers 5
1st jump J1 is at 4th step ↓
2nd jump J2 is at 2nd step ↑
3rd jump J3 is at 5th step ↓
4th jump J4 is at 3rd step ↑
5th jump J5 is at 6th step ↓
6th jump J6 is at 4th step ↑
7th jump J7 is at 7th step ↓
8th jump J8 is at 5th step ↑
9th jump J9 is at 8th step ↓
10th jump J10 is at 6th step ↑
11th jump J11 is at9th step ↓ (Water level)
Hence the required number of jumps = 11.

(ii) Monkey’s position after the
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers 6
1st jump J1 is at 5th step ↑
2nd jump J2 is at 7th step ↓
3rd jump J3 is at 3rd step ↑
4th jump J4 is at 5th step ↓
5th jump J5 is at 1st step ↑
Hence, the required number of jumps = 5.

(iii) According to the given conditions we have the following tables

Jumps J1 J2 J3 J4 J5 J6 J7 J8 J9 J10 J11
Number of steps -3 +2 -3 +2 -3 +2 -3 +2 -3 +2 -3

Therefore (a) Total number of steps
=-3 + 2 – 3 + 2 – 3 + 2 – 3 + 2 – 3 + 2 – 3
= -8 which represents the monkey goes down by 8 steps.
In case (ii), we get

Jumps J1 J2 J3 J4 J5
Number of steps + 4 -2 +4 -2 +4

Therefore (b) Total number of steps.
= +4 – 2 + 4 – 2 + 4 = 8
Here, the monkey is going up by 8 steps.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers Ex 1.1 Q1

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers Ex 1.1 Q1.1

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers Ex 1.1 Q2

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers Ex 1.1 Q3

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers Ex 1.1 Q4

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers Ex 1.1 Q5

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers Ex 1.1 Q6

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers Ex 1.1 Q7

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers Ex 1.1 Q8

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers Ex 1.1 Q9
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers Ex 1.1 Q10

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 1 Integers Ex 1.1 Q10.1

NCERT Solutions

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Notice Writing Class 12 Format, Examples, Topics, Exercises

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Notice Writing Class 12 Format, Examples, Topics, Exercises

Notice is a written or printed information or news announcement. Notices are either displayed at prominent places or published in newspapers/ magazines. It is meant only for a select group. Since a notice contains a formal announcement or information, its tone and style is formal and factual. Its language should be simple and formal. Notice is always brief and to the point.

♦ Important Tips to be followed while writing a Notice

  • Adhere to the specified word limit of 50 words.
  • Write the word NOTICE at the top.
  • Name and place of the school, organisation or office issuing the notice should be mentioned.
  • Give an appropriate heading.
  • Write the date of issuing the notice.
  • Clearly mention the target group (for whom the notice is to be displayed).
  • Purpose of the notice.
  • Mention all the relevant details (date, venue, time).
  • Signature, name and designation of the person issuing the notice.
  • Put the notice in a box.

Notice Writing Class 12

Notice Format CBSE Class 12

A NOTICE is always written in a box.

Notice:
Name of the Institution/Organization/Office, Place Suitable Heading

29 June 2012
Contents. The target group for whom the notice is. Date, time, venue and all-important details and any extra information that is needed (Body of the Notice, 50 words)

Signature
(NAME)
Designation

♦ Marking Scheme of Notice
format title (Notice/Heading/Place/Date/Signature with Name and Designation) 1 mark
Contents
(a) Where?
(b) When
(c) Target group
(d) Agenda
(All within 50 words) 2 marks
ExpressionCoherence, spellings and grammatical accuracy 2 marks

Notice Writing Exercises Previous Years CBSE Examination Questions

♦ Short Answer Type Questions

Format of Notice Writing For Class 12 Question 1.
As Principal of Sardar Patel Vidyalaya, Lucknow, draft notice in not more than 50 words informing students of the change in school timings with effect from the 1st of October. State valid reasons for the change. (Delhi 2009)
Answer:

Sardar Patel Vidyalaya, Lucknow
NOTICE

22nd September, 20xx

Change in School Timings
All students are hereby informed about a change in school timings from 1st October, 20xx. The school will now start at 9 a.m. & end at 3 p.m. In the past few years, it has been seen that winters are rather severe and it becomes quite difficult to start early due to the extreme cold weather and the dense fog. So these new timings will be followed till further notice.

Principal

Format of Notice Writing For Class 12 Question 2.
You are Secretary of the History Club of Vidya Mandir School. Draft a notice in not more than 50 words informing students of a proposed visit to some important historical sites in your city. (Delhi 2009)
Answer:

Vidya Mandir School
History Club
Notice

22nd September, 20xx

Visit Historical Sites
Members of the club are hereby informed of a proposed educational visit to a few important historical sites in our city which is likely to be scheduled between the 28th and the 30th of Sep. Interested members are required to pay ? 550 (inclusive of transport and snacks) during the zero periods to the undersigned by the 25th of September.

Secretary
History Club

Notice Writing Examples Class 12 Question 3.
As Sports Secretary of G.D.G. Public School, Pune, draft notice in not more than 50 words for your school notice board informing the students about the sale of old sports goods of your school. You are Rohini/Rohit. (Delhi 2010)
Answer:

G.D.G. Public School
Pune
Notice

29th July, 20xx

Sale of Old Spoils Goods
Students are hereby informed that our school is organising a sale of its old sports goods like cricket bats, badminton & lawn teams rackets, footballs, cricket & football gear etc. in the P.E. Room on 2K1 August, 2Oxx. Those interested in purchasing these can visit the P.E. Room on the assigned date during their free periods or recess time.

Rohit
Sports Secretary.

Notice Writing Exercises Examples Question 4.
You have found an expensive geometry box in the school playground. Draft a notice in not more than 50 words for the school notice board. You are Ra’Rani, Class XII, Angel School, Faridabad. (Delhi 2010)
Answer:

Angel School, Faridabad
Notice

31 October, 2Oxx

Found A Geometry Box
Have found a red-coloured ‘Faber-Castle’ Geometry Box in the school playground during the 8th period yesterday. Owner may please contact the undersigned in her class between the 6th and the 71 periods.

Rani
XII-C

Question 5.
You are SrinivafSrinidhi of D.P. Public School, Nagpur. As Student Editor of your school magazine, draft notice in not more than 50 words for your school notice board inviting article sketches from students of all classes. (Delhi 2011)
Answer:

D.P. Public School, Nagpur
Notice

Bring in your Articles and Sketches

29e” July, 2Oxx
Students of all classes are hereby invited to submit their articles and sketches for the school magazine to the undersigned Latest by the 6th of August in Room No. 102 during the V period. Please ensure that your articles are neat and legible and your sketches are clearly drawn.

Srinidhi
Editor
School Magazine

Question 6.
You are Secretary of Gymkhana Club, Madurai. Write a notice in not more than 50 words informing the members to attend an
an extraordinary meeting of the governing body. Include details like date, time, venue etc. Sign as PrabhufPratibha. (All India 2011)
Answer:

Gymkhana Club, Madurai
Notice

Extraordinary Meeting of Governing Body
22nd September, 20xx

All members of the governing body of the Club are hereby informed to attend an extraordinary meeting on 2S” September, 20xx at 4 p.m. in the Club Conference Room to discuss how to revise the Club’s policy for defaulter members for long outstanding dues.

Prabhu
Secretary

Question 7.
Due to a sudden landslide and inclement weather, St. Francis School, Vasco has to be closed for a week. As Principal of that school, draft notice in not more than 50 words to be displayed at the school main gate notice board. (All India 2011)
Answer:

St. Francis School, Vasco
Notice

School Closed for a Week

3rd January, 20xx
All are hereby informed that the school will remain closed for one week owing to the sudden landslide and inclement weather in the past few days. The school will re-open on the 10th of January, 20xx.

Principal

Question 8.
You are Secretary of J.P. Narain Housing Society, R.W.A., Meerut. Draft a notice in not more than 50 words stating that the second instalment of maintenance charges falls due on 31st March 2011, and requesting the members to pay before the due date. Sign as Anil/Anita. (All India 2011)
Answer:

J.P. Narain Housing Society
Meerut
Notice

All members of the Residents’ Welfare Association are hereby informed that the payment of the second instalment of maintenance charges is due on 31st March, 2011. Please pay before the due date to avoid late payment charges.

You are reminded that the amount of the same is? 550 only.

Anil
Secretary, R.W.A.

Question 9.
You are Scout Master/Guide Captain of K.R. Sagar Public School, Mysore. You have decided to send a troop of scouts and guides of your school to the jamboree to be held at Lucknow for a week. Draft a notice in not more than 50 words to be placed on the school notice board inviting the names of those scouts and guides who are interested to participate in the jamboree. Invent the necessary details. (All India 2011)
Answer:

K.R. Sagar Public School Mysore
Notice

Scouts & Guides Participation Needed
1st October, 20xx

Our school has decided to send a troop of scouts and guides to the jamboree to be held at Lucknow from the 20th to the 27th of October. Those scouts and guides interested to participate in the jamboree may give their names to the undersigned by the 7th of October.

Scout Master

Question 10.
You are Sports Secretary of Lalwani Public School, Udaipur. Draft a notice in not more than 50 words for your school notice board asking the students to give their names for participation in various events to be held on the Annual Sports Day of your school. Invent the details of the events. Sign as Lalit/Lalita. (All India 2011)
Answer:

Lalwani Public School
Udaipur
Notice

6th November, 20xx

Our school is celebrating its Annual Sports Day on 30th November, 20xx. Students are hereby informed to give their names for participation in various events to be held on the Sports Day.
The list of events is given below:

  • 100 metres race
  • high jump
  • 200 metres relay
  • short put
  • gymnastics
  • kho-kho

Please give your names to the undersigned latest by the 10th of November during the ‘0’ period in the Sports Room.

Lalit
Sports Secretary

Question 11.
Your school has planned an excursion to Lonavala near Mumbai during the autumn holidays. Write a notice in not more than 50 words for your school notice board, giving detailed information and inviting the names of those who are desirous to join. Sign as NaresfyNamita, Head Boy/Head Girl, D.V. English School, Thane, Mumbai. (Delhi 2012)
Answer:

D.V. English School
Thane, Mumbai
Notice

22nd September, 20xx

Excursion TO Lonavala Our school has planned a four-day excursion to Lonavala Hill Station during the autumn break from the 10th to 13th October. Activities such as trekking, mountain biking, nature walks are the highlights of the trip. The total cost of this trip is? 5,000. Students desirous to join this trip may give in their names along with the money and a consent letter from their parents to the undersigned latest by the 1st of October.

Namita
Head Girl
XII – A

Question 12.
You lost your Titan wrist-watch in your school. Draft a notice, in not more than 50 words, to be placed on your school notice board. You are a student of Class XII of Rani Ahalya Devi Senior Secondary School, Gwalior. Sign as Rani/Ram. (All India 2012)
Answer:

Rani Ahalya Devi Senior Secondary School Gwalior
Notice

Lost Wrist Watch
7th August, 20xx

Lost a black strap, white dial Titan wrist-watch in the school playground during the 7th period yesterday. Anyone who finds it please contact the undersigned in class XII-A. Finder will be rewarded with a treat in the canteen.

Ram
XII-A

Question 13.
As Student Editor, draft notice in not more than 50 words for your school notice board inviting articles from the students for your school magazine. You are RohaiVRupini of Vasant Vihar School, Pune. (All India 2012)
Answer:

Vasant Vihar School
Pune
Notice

Inviting Articles for School Magazine
5th July, 20xx

Students are hereby informed to submit their articles for our school magazine ‘Vasant Times’ latest by the 15th of July, 20xx. Articles can be neatly handwritten or typed on A4 size sheets with the name, class and section of the student-written under it. Please submit your articles to the under¬signed in Room no. 10 during the ‘0’ period.

Rupini
Student Editor

Question 14.
You are Smitha/Sunil, Secretary AVM Housing Society. You are going to organize a blood donation camp. Write a notice in not more than 50 words, urging the members of your society to come in large numbers for this noble cause. Invent all the necessary details. (Delhi 2013)
Answer:

AVM Housing Society
Notice

22nd September, 20xx

Blood Donation Camp Our society is organising a blood donation camp in the Community Centre on 1st October, 20xx, from 10 AM to 4 PM. All arrangements will be adequately made along with drinks and refreshments for all donors. The camp is being conducted under the expert guidance of the doctors and nurses of the Red Cross Society. Residents are hereby requested to ensure an overwhelming response to this camp by even persuading their friends and relatives to come forward for this noble task.

Smitha
Secretary

Question 15.
You are Vineeta/Vikram, School Pupil Leader of Rani Laxmi Bai Senior Secondary School, Gwalior. Draft a notice for your school notice board in not more than 50 words inviting the names of the students who want to participate in the cultural programme organised in aid of the victims of the recent Assam floods. (All India 2013)
Answer:

Rani Laxmi Bai Sr. Sec. School
Gwalior
Notice

12th September, 2013

Relief for Assam Flood Victims Our school is organizing a cultural programme in aid of victims of the recent Assam Floods on 30th September, 20xx. The different categories of the programme include singing, dance, skits and elocution. Students, who are interested to participate in this programme for a noble cause, may give their names to the undersigned latest by the 16th of September.

Vineeta Pupil Leader
2014

Question 16.
An interschool Kabaddi Competition is organized by your school. Write a notice, in . not more than 50 words, requesting the students to be present at the venue to encourage the players. Invent all the necessary details. You are Arjun, the sports captain of your school. (Delhi 2013)
Answer:

Abc Public School
Notice

22nd September, 20xx

Inter-School Kabaddi Competition
An interschool Kabaddi Competition is being organized by our school on 1st Oct., 20xx in the big field. 20 schools from different states will be participating in this mega event. The event will start at 8 am. All the students are hereby requested to be present at the venue to encourage the players.

Arjun
(Sports Captain)

Question 17.
You are Smrithi Saran of Victoria Public School, Hyderabad. Your school has organized a Science Exhibition in connection with the death anniversary of Ramanujam. Write a notice in not more than 50 words inviting students to participate in it. Provide all the necessary. (Delhi 2013)
Answer:

Victoria Public School
Hyderabad
Notice

25th February, 20xx

Science Exhibition

Our school is organizing a Science Exhibition to commemorate the death anniversary of the great mathematician Ramanujam on the 12th of March, 20xx in the school lawns. Students are hereby informed to participate in this exhibition and make it a success.

Smrithi Saran

Question 18.
You are Anoop/Arya, the cultural secretary of your school. As part of the national heritage programme, the school has decided to put up a show on ancient art forms. Write a notice to be put up on the school notice board inviting students to watch the show and encourage the artists. Write the notice in not more than 50 words. (Delhi 2013)
Answer:

Abc Public School
Notice

16th August, 20xx

Show on Ancient Art Forms As part of the national heritage programme, our school has decided to put up a show on ancient art forms on 24th August, 20xx in the school auditorium from 9:00 am onwards. Students are hereby invited to watch the show and encourage the artists.

Arya
Cultural Secretary

Question 19.
Every year in the central part of the city a flower show is held in the month of February. Your school has received a circular from the District Collector inviting your students to visit it. Write a notice in about 50 words informing the students about the show and advising them to go and enjoy it. You are Navtej/Navita, Head Boy/Head Girl, Sunrise Public School, Surat. (Delhi 2015)
Answer:

Sunrise Public School, Surat
Notice

1st February, 20xx

Flower Show Invitation:
Every year the central park of our city organises a flower show in the month of February. The District Collector has sent circular inviting students of our school to visit this show which will be held from the 6th to 25th February. Students are hereby advised to visit the central park and enjoy this show.

Navita (Flead Girl)

Question 20.
Sarvodaya Education Society, a charitable organisation is coming to your school to distribute books among needy students. As Head Boy/Head Girl, Sunrise Public School, Surat, write a notice in about 50 words asking such students to drop the lists of books they need in the box kept outside the Principal’s office. You are Navtej/Navita. (D) (Delhi 2015)
Answer:

Sunrise Public School, Surat
Notice

18th March, 20xx
Book Distribution

By Sarvodaya education society
Sarvodaya Education Society, a charitable organisation is coming to our school to distribute books among the needy students on 31st March. Interested students are hereby informed to drop the list of books they need in the box kept outside the principal’s office by the 24th of March.

Navtej (Head boy)

Question 21.
Your club is going to organise an interclass singing competition. Write a notice in about 50 words inviting names of the students who want to participate in it. Give all the necessary details. You are Navtej /Navita, Secretary, Music Club, Akash Public School, Agra. (All India 2015)
Answer:

Akash Public School, Agra
Notice

1st November, 20xx

Interclass Singing Competition
The Music Club of our school is organising an interclass singing competition for classes Ist to Xth on 19th November, 20xx. Those students who want to participate in the competition are hereby invited to give their names to the undersigned by 5th November in the Music Room.

Navita (Secretary, Music Club)

Question 22.
An inter-class drama competition is to be held in St. Stephens School, Visakhapatnam. As Akash, Head Boy of the school draft a notice to be put up on the notice board inviting entries. Provide all necessary information in about 50 words. (Comput. Delhi 2015)
Answer:

St. Stephens School,
Visakhapatnam
Notice

1st October, 20xx

Inter-Class Drama Competition:
An inter-class drama competition will be held in our school for Classes IXth to XIIth on 22nd Oct., 20xx. Students who are interested to participate may give in their names to the prefects of their respective classes latest by the 5th of October.

Akash (Head Boy)

Question 23.
You are Amar/Amrita, Secretary, Cultural Club, Aryamba Public School, Kochi. A charity show has been arranged in your school in aid of cancer patients. Write a notice to be displayed on the school notice board informing the students of the show and asking them to cooperate and make it a success. Draft the notice in about 50 words giving all necessary details. (Comput. Delhi 2015)
Answer:

Aryamba Public School, Kochi
Notice

22nd September, 20xx

Charity Show For Cancer Patients:
The Cultural Club of our school has arranged a charity show in aid of cancer patients on 7th October, 20xx at 9:00 a.m. in the school auditorium. The entry fee for the show is? 250 per person. Students are hereby requested to attend this show and thus cooperate in making this charitable and noble show a success.

Amar (Secretary, Cultural Club)

Question 24.
Water supply will be suspended for eight hours (10 am to 6 pm) on 6th of March for cleaning of the water tank. Write a notice in about 50 words advising the residents to store water for a day. You are Karan Kumar/Karuna Bajaj, Secretary, Janata Group Housing Society, Palam Vihar, Kurnool. (Delhi 2016)
Answer:

Janata Group Housing Society
Palam Vihar, Kurnool
Notice

4th March, 20xx

Suspension of Water Supply:
Residents are hereby informed that water supply will be suspended for eight hours (10 am to 6 pm) on 6th March for cleaning of the water tank. Residents are advised to make necessary arrangements to store water for a day. We regret the inconvenience caused.

Karan Kumar
Secretary

Question 25.
Yesterday, during lunch break you misplaced your notes on chemistry lectures. You want to get them back. Write a notice in about 50 words for the school notice board. You are Karuna/Karan, a student of class XII A. (All India 2016)
Answer:

Abc School
Notice

31st October, 20xx

Lost Chemistry Notes
Lost notes on Chemistry lectures of class XII during lunch break in the basketball ground on 31st October, 20xx. Notes are kept in a blue-coloured file. Anyone who finds it is requested to return it to the undersigned and get a treat in the canteen as a reward.

Karan
XII-A

Question 26.
You are Reshma/ Rajan Head Girl/Head Boy of Moonrise Public School, Chandigarh. A cooking competition is going to take place in your school. Write a notice to be displayed on the school notice board informing the students of the competition and inviting them to participate. Draft the notice in about 50 words giving all necessary details. (Comput. D 2016)
Answer:

Moonrise Public School
Chandigarh
Notice

22nd September, 20xx

Cooking Competition Students are hereby informed that a cooking competition will be taking place in our school Mini Auditorium on 1st October from 9 am to 11 am for students of classes Xth to XIIth. Those interested to participate, please give in your names to the undersigned by the 26th of September during the recess period in Room No. 101.

Reshma Head Girl

Question 27.
As a librarian, Moonlight Public School, Surat, write a notice in about 50 words informing the students of a book exhibition which is going to be organised in your school on Teacher’s Day. (Comput. All India 2016)
Answer:

Moonlight Public School, Surat
Notice

26th August, 20xx
Book Exhibition on Teachers’ Day

Students are hereby informed that our school is organising a Book Exhibition on 5th September on Teachers’ Day in the Football Ground from 9 am-7 pm. Re¬nowned educationist, Mrs. Rachna Kumar has kindly consented to be our chief guest. A special attraction of the book exhibition is a separate section of books in different languages and titles dedicated to teachers and educators.

Librarian

Question 28.
While walking in a park in your neighbourhood you found a small plastic bag containing some documents and some cash. Write a notice in about 50 words to be put on the park notice board asking the owner to identify and collect it from you. You are Amai/Amrita 9399123456. (Delhi 2017)
Answer:

Abc Park Notice Board
Notice

Lost And Found
17th January, 20xx

Found a small plastic bag in the park yesterday evening under the bench near the swings. It contains some documents, iden¬tity cards and H,500 cash. The owner is requested to identify and collect it from the undersigned between 12:00 pm to 5:00 pm.

Amrita
Contact: 9399123456

Question 29.
After the rains cases of dengue, Chikungunya etc., are on the rise in your city. As Principal, Sunshine Public School, Manu Vihar, you have decided to allow your students to wear full sleeve shirts and trousers in the school for a period of one month. Write the notice in about 50 words. (Delhi 2017)
Answer:

Sunshine Public School
Manu Vihar
Notice

12th September, 20xx

Wear Full Sleeve Shirts and Trousers After the rains, cases of Dengue, malaria, Chikungunya etc. have been on the rise in our city. So, the school keeping in mind the students’ health and safety has decided to allow the students to wear full sleeve shirts and trousers during school for a period of one month as a precaution against mosquito bites.

Principal

Question 30.
You are Health Secretary, Students Council, Citizens Public School, Ram Bagh, Varanasi. The Council had decided to start from the second of October week-long cleanliness drive around the school. Draft a notice in about 50 words asking the Class XI students to enrol for the drive. (Delhi 2017)
Answer:

Citizens Public School, Ram Bagh
Notice

1st October, 20xx

Cleanliness Drive:
The Students Council has decided to start week-long cleanliness drive around the school from the 7th to 14th October, 20xx. Students of Class XI are hereby requested to enrol for this drive. All interested volunteers are requested to give in your names to the undersigned latest by 4th October, 20xx.

Health Secretary:
Students Council

Question 31.
RJ Public School is located in a Central Government employees residential colony. Cultural Society of the school has decided to organise a fancy dress show on 25th of January in which each participant will wear the dress particular to higher region. The aim is to show the cultural diversity of India. As Secretary write a notice in about 50 words inviting the names of those who want to participate. (Delhi 2017)
Answer:

Rj Public School C.G. Employees
Residential Colony
Notice

5th January, 20xx

Fancy Dress Show
The Cultural Society of our school is organising a fancy dress show on 25th Jan., 20xx in which each participant has to wear the dress particular to his/her region. The aim of the show is to depict the cultural diversity of India. Those interested to participate are hereby informed to give in your names to the undersigned latest by 12th January, 20xx.

Secretary,
Cultural Society

Question 32.
An NGO has approached your school to offer book grants to needy students. As Head girl of Sunshine Public School, Aram Bagh, write a notice in about 50 words asking students who are in need to put their requests into the box kept outside the Principal’s office. (Delhi 2017)
Answer:

Sunshine Public School
Aram Bagh
Notice

7th March, 20xx

Book Grants for Needy Students
An NGO has approached our school to offer book grants to needy students. Students in need of this grant are hereby informed to put their requests into the box, with their name and class mentioned on it, outside the Principal’s office latest by 29th March, 20xx.

Head Girl

Question 33.
The Principal, Sunshine Public School, Dindigul has invited the Inspector of Police (Traffic) to deliver a lecture on ‘Road Safety’ in her school. Draft a notice in about 50 words informing the students to assemble in the school auditorium. (All India 2017)
Answer:

Sunshine Public School
Dindigul
Notice

29th July, 20xx

Lecture on Road Safety Our school has invited the Inspector of Police (Traffic) to deliver a lecture on ‘Road Safety’ in our school on 6th August, 20xx from 10 am to 11 am. Students are hereby informed to assemble in the school auditorium latest by 9:30 am with their respective class teachers.

Principal

Important Questions for Class 12 English

The post Notice Writing Class 12 Format, Examples, Topics, Exercises appeared first on Learn CBSE.


NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English Chapter 1 Who Did Patrick’s Homework

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NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English Chapter 1 Who Did Patrick’s Homework

Working With the Text  (Page 11)

Answer the following questions of Class 6 English Chapter 1 (Refer to that part of the text whose number is given against the question. This applies to the comprehension questions throughout the book.)

1. What did Patrick think his cat was playing with? What was it really? (2)
Ans: Patrick thought that his cat was playing with a little doll. It was, in fact, a very small-sized man, an elf.

2. Why did the little man grant Patrick a wish? (2)
Ans: Patrick had saved the tiny man’s life from the cat by not handing him back to the cat. So he promised to fulfil one wish of Patrick.

3. What was Patrick’s wish? (3)
Ans: Patrick hated doing homework. His greatest wish was that the little man should do all his homework till the end of the session.

4. In what subjects did the little man need help, to do Patrick’s homework? (5, 6)
Ans: The little man needed Patrick’s help in maths, English and history.

5. How did Patrick help him? (7)
Ans: Patrick sat beside the little man and guided him. He brought books from the library and read out to him.

6. Who do you think did Patrick’s homework – the little man, or Patrick himself? Give reasons for your answer. (9, 10)
Ans: It was Patrick himself who actually did all the homework. He had to help the elf again and again with guidance and books.

Working with Language

A.The pill in the blanks in the sentences below with the words or phrases from the box. (You may not know the meaning of all the words. Look such words up in a dictionary, or ask your teacher.)

  semester       between you and me                look up

1.  Some people find household__________________ a bore, but I like to help at home.
2. Who stole the diamond is still a_____________________ .
3. This_________________ we are going to have a class exhibition.
4. _______________ , the elf began to help Patrick.
5.Can you__________________ this word in the dictionary?
6.I started early to be on time, but I was_____________________ . There was a traffic jam!
7.She says she’s got a lot of books, but______________________ I think most of them are borrowed.
Ans. 1. chores     2. mystery              3. semester                4. True to his word

  1. lookup out of luck          7. between you and me

B.Use the clues given below to complete this crossword puzzle.

Across
1.Very tired
2.had an angry look on the face
3.short trousers
4.a fault in a machine that prevents it from working properly
5.a small and naughty boy-fairy
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English Chapter 1 Who Did Patrick's Homework Working with Language 1
Down

  1. work that must be done every day, often boring
  2. a basket with a lid
  3. have a short, high-pitched cry

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English Chapter 1 Who Did Patrick's Homework Working with Language 2
Speaking  (Page 13)

1. In the story, Patrick does difficult things he hates to do because the elf pre­tends he needs help. Have you ever done something difficult or frightening, by pretending about it in some way? Tell your classmates about it.
Or
Say what you feel about homework. (The words and phrases in the boxes may help you.) Do you think it is useful, even though you may not like it? Form pairs, and speak to each other.

For example:
You may say, “I am not fond of homework.”
Your partner may reply, “But my sister helps me with my lessons at home, and that gives a boost to my marks.”
                                 (not) be fond of       (not) take to                  (not) develop a liking for
                                (not) appeal to      (not) be keen on               (not) have a taste for
                                             support        assist         with the aid of
                                             help        be a boon             give a boost to

Ans:
1. I am not very fond of keeping my room clean and tidy.
2. But my sister does all this for me.
3. I have not developed a liking for non-veg.
4. But my elder brother does not support me.
5. I have taken to playing football.
6. I have developed a liking for chess also.
7. I appeal to my friends to play some game.
8. Sports can be a boon in career making.
9. They give a boost to my confidence.
10. My deskmate is keen on getting ‘A’ grade.
11. I hope he will assist me also in preparing my lessons.

Writing  (Page 13)
A. This story has a lot of rhyming words, as a poem does. Can you write out some parts of it like a poem, so that the rhymes come at the end of separate lines? For example:
Patrick never did homework. ‘Too boring”, he said.
He played baseball and Hockey and Nintendo instead.
Ans. The man of the tiniest size
was true to his word and wise
Patrick saved the elf from the cat
The elf promised to do all that
Patrick loved sports and hated homework
He wasted his time and studies shirk

B. Look at these sentences.
1.‘Too boring,” he said.
2. Cleaned his room, did his chores.
When we speak we often leave out words that can easily be guessed.
We do not do this when we write unless we are trying to write as we speak (as in the story).
So, if we were to write carefully, we would say:

  • Homework is too boring, he said.
  • He cleaned his room and did his chores.

C. Rewrite the following incomplete sentences carefully, so that the reader does not have to guess what is left out.
1.more and more books.
2.too difficult.
3.got up late, missed the bus.
4.solved the mystery.

Ans:
1. The writers and poets read more and more books.
2. This personal question is too difficult to answer.
3. When I got up late yesterday morning, I missed the school bus.
4. Lord Krishna solved the mystery of life after .death.

D. Look at this cartoon by R. K. Laxman. Read the sentence given below the cartoon. Discuss the following questions with your partner.
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English Chapter 1 Who Did Patrick's Homework Page 13 Writing

  • What is it about?
  • Do you find it funny? If so, why?
  • Do you think a cartoon is a serious drawing? Why or why not?

Ans:

1. It is about a father’s concern for the betterment of his child.
2. Yes, the cartoon is really funny. Father orders the child to labour (to work hard) with his studies. But he forbids the boy to read the laws against child labour.
3. A cartoon is chiefly meant to make us laugh.
It is also a serious drawing in one sense.
It draws our attention to some problem that affects us all.

                                              MORE QUESTIONS SOLVED

I.SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. What was Patrick’s chief interest?
Ans: Patrick’s chief interest was to play hockey, football and video games.

2. What warning did the teachers give to Patrick?
Ans: The teachers noticed that Patrick never did his homework. So they warned him that he would remain a fool, an illiterate person.

3. How did Patrick get his wish granted by the elf?
Ans: Patrick saved the life of the elf from a cat. So the elf promised to fulfil one wish of his saviour.      ‘

4. What made Patrick believe that he was lucky?
Ans: Patrick hated homework and loved sports. He called himself lucky when the tiny man agreed to do all his homework.

5. Why did the little man’s face wrinkle and frown?
Ans: The little man was an elf. He had not studied maths or English. So he was angry when called upon to do Patrick’s homework.

6. The little man kept his word. But there was one glitch. What was it?
Ans: The little man did not go back on his promise. But his problem was that he did not know maths, English or human history.

7. The little elf was a nag. How did it tell upon Patrick’s health?
Ans: The little elf agreed to do Patrick’s homework. But he had a problem. He was always seeking Patrick’s help. Overwork tired him and caused swelling in his eyes.

8. What changes came in Patrick’s behaviour in the end?
Ans: In the end, Patrick became a model boy. He cleaned his room, did all his daily work, became cheerful and polite.

II.LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Who did Patrick’s homework? Why and how?
Ans: Patrick had no interest in studies. He hated doing homework. He was lucky to get a helper. It was an elf. He had saved the elf from a cat and the elf promised to do all Patrick’s homework for 35 days. But the poor elf was blank in English. and maths. He sought Patrick’s help and guidance. Patrick brought books from the library and worked hard to solve all sums. He got good marks. Actually, it was Patrick himself who did all his homework.

2. How did Patrick get supernatural help? Was the elf intelligent enough to answer questions in all the subjects?
Ans: One day Patrick found his cat playing with a doll. He rescued the tiny doll, who in fact was an elf. He promised to grant his saviour one wish. Patrick told him to do all his homework for 35 days. The elf had to keep his word. But he was quite ignorant of language and maths and even other subjects. He called out to Patrick to come and guide him.

3. Give the characteristic features of the elf which helped Patrick.
Ans: Patrick saved a little doll from his cat. That doll was, in fact, a very small sized man, an elf. He was timid. He felt grateful to his saviour. In return, he prom­ised to grant Patrick a wish. He could not say ‘no’ to any of Patrick’s requests. He agreed to do Patrick’s homework. But he was illiterate. He sought Patrick’s guidance at eveiy step.

NCERT SolutionsMathsScienceSocialEnglishHindiSanskritRD Sharma

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CBSE Class 6 English Message Writing

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CBSE Class 6 English Message Writing are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English. Here we have given CBSE Class 6 English Message Writing.

CBSE Class 6 English Message Writing

1. Read the following telephonic conversation between Rahul and Sonu. Sonu is about to leave for school and will not be able to meet her brother Mohit. She leaves a message for him. Write the message in about 50 words.

Rahul: Hello! Can I speak to Mohit, please?
Sonu: He is not at home. I’m his sister. Would you like to leave a message for him?
Rahul: I’m his friend Rahul. Kindly tell him that tomorrow we are going to Pragati Maidan tomorrow, where a book-fair is going to be held. Tell him to call me in the evening, in case he is interested.

MESSAGE
16th September 2017
4. 00 pm
Dear Mohit,
Rahul called up to inform that tomorrow morning they are going to a book-fair, being organised at Pragati-Maidan. If you are interested then call him in the evening.
Sonu

2. Read the following telephone conversation between Nitin Gupta and a caller from a hospital. The caller wants to talk to Brij Mohan but he is; at present, not in the office. He will be back only at 4 pm and Nitin will leave office before that. Thinking yourself as Nitin and using the telephone conversation as the subject, write a message for Brij Mohan in not more than 50 words.
Caller: Is it 5942361 ?
Nitin: Yes.
Caller: May I speak to Brij Mohan ? I have to talk to him urgently.
Nitin: He is not here at present. He has gone out and will come at 4 pm.
Caller: In that case, will you kindly leave a message for him ? It is really urgent.
Nitin: Yes, of course. But I am also going out on an important work. However, you needn’t worry. I shall leave this message on his table. What’s it ?
Caller: All right. Kindly tell him that his mother has met with an accident and she is, at present, in the civil hospital. She has broken her thumb which is in plaster. She, otherwise, is all right. Please tell Brij Mohan to reach the civil hospital along with his wife.
Nitin: Oh ! I am sorry to hear it. Please don’t worry. I shall leave the message for him.
Caller: Thank you very much.
Answer:
Message
3.3.2007
Brij Mohan
There was a telephone call for you in your absence. I am sorry to inform that your mother is in Civil Hospital with a broken thumb but in plaster. Don’t worry. She is feeling all right. Reach the hospital with your wife.
Nitin

3. Read the following telephone conversation between Neerqja and Sonum. Sonum is about to leave home and will not be able to meet Rohit. She leaves a message for him. Write that message, using not more than 50 words.
Neeraja: Hello ! Is that Sonum ?
Sonum: Speaking.
Neeraja: It is Neeraja here. Sonum, you know India International Trade Fair 20xx is on. I plan to visit it today.
Sonum: Oh ! it is a wonderful idea. But why not make it tomorrow ?
Neeraja: No. Tomorrow I am busy. Let’s make it today. Surinder is coming with me. You bring Rohit with you.
Sonum: He is not at home at present. But rest assured, he will be happy to be with us. He expressed a desire to visit it earlier.
Neeraja: Then it is settled. Please wait for us at Gate No. 3 at 1.30 pm today. In case, you reach earlier, please wait for us. If we reach earlier, we shall look for you.
Sonum: Fine. It shall be all right. We shall reach in time.
Neeraja: All right. Bye till then.
Sonum: Bye.
Answer:
Message
3.3.2007
Darling
We are visiting India International Trade Fair 2007 today.
Neeraja and Surinder shall wait for us at 1.30 pm today at Gate No. 3.1 shall be back from office at 12 noon to go there together. Please wait till then. I shall tell you everything.
Sonum

4. Write a message to be left at the desk of Anu about a telephone received for her when she was away. Write the message in about 30—35 words.
Karan: Hello. Is it 3319167 ? Could I talk to Anu, Annu Malik who works in purchase section.
Receptionist: That’s right. But I’m afraid Anu, Miss Annu Malik has not yet arrived.
Karan: Could you convey to her that her mother is quite serious in Chandigarh and she should leave for Chandigarh immediately. She is very critical, in the state of coma.
Receptionist: So sad. Anything else that I must convey.
Karan: Yes, that she should cany sufficient clothes. You never know about a patient in coma. I’m sure you will do this favour. Could you trace her ?
Receptionist: Yes. I’ll. I can understand the urgency. I pray for her recovery. Bye. By the way whom was I talking to ?
Karan: Karan, Karan Bhatia, her next door neighbour in Chandigarh.
Answer:
Message
14.2.2007
When you were away a telephone from Karan Bhatia, your neighbour in Chandigarh, came to me at the reception. I regret your mother is in coma. Reach Chandigarh at once, with sufficient clothes.
Receptionist

5. Read the following telephone conversation that took place when Rama answered the phone at Future Knowledge Encyclopaedias and Reference books. Write the message that Rama leaves for Mr. Debu using not more than 50 words.
Mr. Murli: Hello, This is Mr. Murli from Madras. May I speak to Mr. Debu please ?
Rama: Mr. Debu is not in at the moment: May I take a message for him ?
Mr. Murli: : Please convey my thanks to him. I have just received the encyclopaedia I ordered. The last payment would reach him tomorrow. I would also like some information on the latest reference books in Geography.
Rama: I’ll make sure he gets that message, Mr. Murli.
Mr. Murli: : Thank you.
Answer:
3.3.2007
Mr. Debu
Mr. Murli telephoned to you from Madras. He wanted to thank you as he has received the encyclopaedia ordered by him and assured that the last payment would reach you by to¬morrow. He would also like to get some information on the latest reference books in Geography.
Rama

We hope the CBSE Class 6 English Message Writing help you. If you have any query regarding CBSE Class 6 English Message Writing, drop a comment below and we will get back to you at the earliest.

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Report Writing Class 12 Format, Examples, Topics, Samples, Types

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Report Writing Class 12 Format, Examples, Topics, Samples, Types

♦ Formal Address:
A report is a brief account of an event that has already taken place. The report helps in recording the events of importance that occur in our day-to-day life. It attempts to present the firsthand information of an incident or event. A report of an event presents a record of events that took place. A report of an event includes one’s ideas, opinions and impressions about the event.

♦ Points to Remember:

  • Mention the place, date, time and other relevant facts about the event.
  • Include information collected from the people around or affected by the event.
  • Write the name of the reporter.
  • Provide a suitable title/heading.
  • Write in past tense.
  • Write in reported speech and use passive form of expression.
  • Develop ideas (causes, reasons, consequences, opinions) logically.
  • Write in a less formal and more descriptive manner, while writing a report for a school magazine.
  • Present your ideas and impressions to make the report interesting.

♦ Marks will be awarded for:

  1. Title
  2. Reporter’s name
  3. Content
  4. Expression: Accuracy + Fluency

report writing format cbse class 12

Report Writing Format and Examples

♦ Previous Years’ CBSE Examination Questions

♦ Very Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
You are Sweety/Suresh of L.M. Jain School, Ajmer. As Secretary of your School Co-curricular Activities Club, you visited a slum area in your city where the people suffered a great loss of life and property in a massive fire. The students of your school rendered their services and material help to the victims. Write a report in 100-125 words for your school magazine. (Delhi 2010)
Answer:

Students Service To Victims Of Fire
By: Sweety
L.M. Jain School

14th February, 20xx. A major slum area in Vilas Nagar was gutted by a massive fire on 10th February, 20xx. The fire whose exact cause is still not very clear caused extensive damage to life and property. Ten persons lost their lives, many were injured and about two hundred people were rendered homeless. Our school joined and relief to the victims. The students of our school got together and collected food packets, old clothes, medicines, utensils, etc. to be distributed to these homeless and helpless people. Ten students and three teachers personally visited this slum area to ensure proper and fair distribution of the items that had been collected and thus provided some relief to these unfortunate people in their time of crisis and misery.

Question 2.
Recently your school held a Seminar on Conservation of Water as a part of World Water Day celebrations. As the School Pupil Leader of Maryland School, Gurgaon, write a report in 100-125 words for a local daily. Sign as Pritham/Preeti. (Delhi 2010)
Answer:

Seminar On Water Conservation
By: Preeti
Maryland School,

Gurgaon 16th March, 20xx, Gurgaon: Our school organised a seminar on ‘Water Conservation’ as part of the World Water Day Celebrations on 13th August, 20xx. The main aim of this seminar was to remind us all about the need to save the government and the non-governmental organisations in providing help water as it is a precious source imperative for our survival.

distinguished environmentalists and eminent personalities were our guest speakers and they reiterated the need not only of conserving water but also spoke at length on how to conserve water by stressing upon the fact that each drop of water is precious. Dr. Yashraj, an eminent environmentalist, suggested rain-water harvesting as one of the best ways to conserve water.

Using visual aids to highlight his discourse, he suggested that to ensure availability of water for the future generations the withdrawal of fresh water from an ecosystem should not exceed its natural replacement rate. The seminar concluded on the note that water conservation is the most cost-effective, environmentally sound way to reduce our demand for water and so each one of us must do our bit towards improving water management to enhance optimum use of water.

Question 3.
Your school organised an exhibition-cum-sale of the items prepared under Work Experience Certificate by your school students. There was an overwhelming response from the public. Prepare a report in 100-125 words for a local daily. You are the Coordinator, S.U.P.W. activities, Nita School, Gurgaon. (All India 2010)
Answer:

An Exhibition-Cum-Sale
By: ABC, Coordinator, SUPW Activities
Nita School, Gurgaon

3rd Aug. 20xx, Gurgaon. Our school organised an exhibition-cum-sale of items prepared under Work Experience by our students on the 31st of July in the school lawns. It was heartening to see the overwhelming response our endeavour got from not only the parents but also from the general public who showed a lot of interest in the items made by the students. A wide array of items such as candles, greeting cards, jewellery boxes, wooden handicrafts had been prepared by talented students.

The students were really encouraged by the positive feedback they got from everyone present. Our principal too was personally present there all the time interacting with everyone. He appreciated the students’ hard work and creativity and announced that the money collected from the sale of items would be donated to an old-age home in the vicinity of our school. Our principal also decided that such initiatives would be taken up by our school more frequently to motivate the creative students and to help a noble cause.

Question 4.
Your state government has banned the use of plastic bags. Your are Amarjeet, a reporter of The National Herald. Write a report in 100-125 words on how the ban is being ignored and what damage the indiscriminate use of plastic bags in causing to the environment. (Comptt. Delhi 2010)
Answer:

Environment Unfriendly Polybags
By: Amarjeet, Staff Reporter
The National Herald

In the year 2002 the government had banned the production and use of plastic bags in our country. But unfortunately, these are now being widely used again everywhere. Not only are we using a huge number of polybags daily but we are also discarding them in our drains uncaring about the fact that they will block the flow of drain water. Polybags are also a threat to our environment. They cause pollution, kill wildlife and are responsible for using up the natural resources of the earth. They are one of the main factors that litter the landscape. If burnt, they will infuse the surrounding air with toxic fumes.

The main problem of plastic bags is that they are non-biodegradable. The decomposition of plastic takes around a thousand years, so with the plastic rubbish produced each day it is likely that this problem will never be solved. While the government works out ways to lessen the impact of polybags on the environment each one of us too should shoulder some responsibility for this problem that ultimately harms us all.

Question 5.
You are Ramesh/Rani, Sports Secretary, Government Senior Secondary School, Chandigarh. Last Monday an inter-school twenty-over cricket match was played on your school ground. Write a report in 100-125 words on the match. (Comptt. All India 2010)
Answer:

Inter-School Twenty
Over Cricket Match
Ramesh, Sports Secretary,

Govt. Senior Secondary School, Chandigarh 17th January, 20xx. Last Monday an inter-school twenty over cricket match played in our school grounds between Kendriya Vidyalaya, Sector-4 and Central School, Sector-37. It was one of the most thrilling match that we all had seen as the winner was decided only after the last ball of the match had been bowled. Kendriya Vidyalaya won the toss and chose to bat. They set a target of 130 runs in twenty overs for the opposition team who beat them in the last ball of the match by hitting a boundary which took their score to 131 runs. Central School had to make ten runs in the last two balls in order to win. Their star batsman ABC scored a six followed by a fantastic boundary to take his team to victory. It was a great match with a nail-biting finish and all the spectators present there thoroughly enjoyed watching it.

Question 6.
A major bus mishap which left several people seriously injured took place at Nicholas Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai. Luckily no life was lost. Collect the information from the eyewitnesses and send a report in 100-125 words to ‘The Nungambakkam Times’. You are Vinod/Vinodhini, a reporter. (Delhi 2011)
Answer:

Bus Mishap
Vinod, Staff Reporter

The Nungambakkam Times 14th February, 20xx: A major bus mishap took place at Nicholas Road in Nungambakkam, Chennai yesterday at about 10 a.m. It resulted in serious injuries to almost twelve of the twenty-five passengers who were on board the bus. Luckily though, there was no loss of life. An eyewitness accounts how the high speeding bus overturned when it took a sharp turn in an attempt to avert a collision with a truck that was coming in the wrong direction.

The authorities have arrested the truck driver for his negligence. The bus driver could not be taken into custody for overspeeding as he is admitted in hospital with grievous injuries. The state government has announced a compensation of? 25,000 for those seriously injured and ‘10,000 for those whose injurious are not very serious. A state-level inquiry has also been ordered into the mishap.

Question 7.
You are Poorva/Partha, Cultural Secretary of your school, D.B. Senior Secondary School, Ambur. A week-long Music and Dance festival was organised by your school. Write a report in 100-125 words for your school magazine. Invent the details. (All India 2011)
Answer:

Music And Dance Fiesta
Poorva, Cultural Secretary
D.B. Senior Secondary School, Ambur

26th August, 20xx: Our school organised a week-long Music and Dance festival, which commenced on the 18th of August and ended on the 26th of August, in which 15 schools of our town participated. It was a great music and dance extravaganza which saw a wide variety of Indian classical music and folklore and western music and dance forms. During this week-long festival, many competitions and programmes were organised in our school and these were graced by illustrious musicians and reputed dancers. On the concluding day of this festival, a two-hour-long programme displaying a unique fusion of classical and western dance and music was put up. This was a treat and delight for all music and dance lovers and was also the highlight of our festival. Seeing the huge success of this fiesta our principal assured us that attempts would be made to organise it on a regular basis.

Question 8.
You visited a Job Fair organised by Ability Foundation at Chennai recently. You were impressed to see that nearly 55 companies from various sectors such as information technology, telecommunication, electronics etc. offered jobs to the final year students of colleges. As a reporter of ‘The Deccan Times’, Chennai, prepare a report in 100-125 words. You are Peeyush/Priya. (All India 2011)
Answer:

Great Job Opportunities
For Young Students
Priya, Staff Reporter,
The Deccan Times

14th April, 20xx: The Ability Forum organised a Job Fair in Chennai for final year students of colleges. The fair witnessed an overwhelming response from job seekers and companies from across the region. The two-day event saw 55 companies from various sectors, such as information technology, telecommunication, electronics, etc. offering jobs to these students. It was really a great incentive for these fresh graduates to be offered jobs literally ‘on a platter’. Over 500 job seekers walked into seek well-paying jobs with the most renowned companies. This is surely going to motivate other undergraduates to attend this fair every year. Such employment fairs should be organised as these provide an ideal platform for students who are on the lookout for jobs after having completed their graduate-level education.

Question 9.
You witnessed a programme performed by differently-abled persons on Zee TV. You were very much impressed by their performance and were emotionally touched. Highlighting their talent, the reaction of the judges to their performance etc., prepare a report in 100-125 words for your school magazine. You are Gopal/Gopi, Student Editor of the magazine. (All India 2011)
Answer:

A Special Programme On Zee Tv
Gopi, Student Editor

On the occasion of Independence Day, Zee TV organized a special programme in which differently-abled persons performed in front of a live audience and were also watched by millions of people across the globe. They displayed their talent in the fields of music and dance. Their performances left the judges, the audience and the viewers enthralled. I am sure it also touched the hearts of many.

An outstanding sequence, in which wheelchair-bound boys and girls performed ‘Bharatnatyam’, left the audience spellbound and got a standing ovation from the judges.

It was most touching to see these children performing with such perfection despite their handicaps and their zest and enthusiasm added an extra touch to their performance. I strongly feel more such shows should be telecast so that more disabled children get an opportunity to showcase their talent. This will give them self-confidence that in spite of their disabilities they too are very much a part of our society.

Question 10.
You are Pulkil/Prema, a staff reporter of The Times of India. You have been asked to cover an incident of daylight robbery on the outskirts of Delhi when the inmates were present in the house. Write a report in 100-125 words. (Comptt. Delhi 2011)
Answer:

Daylight Robbery
Prema, Staff Reporter
Tire Times of India

17th August, 20xx, Delhi: A daring, daylight robbery has set fear and anxiety in the minds of the residents of Najafgarh, that lies on the outskirts of Delhi. Four armed robbers entered the house of a retired IAS official in broad daylight at about 4 p.m. The official himself was present in the house along with his wife, daughter-in-law and two-year-old grandson. Though the robbers did not harm the inmates, they locked them up in a store-room before escaping with? 75,000 cash and gold jewellery worth about? 3 lakhs. This incident evoked a lot of resentment among the residents of the area who complained about a total security lapse in their colony. The police have registered a complaint of robbery and on the basis of the appearance of the robbers given by the inmates a search has been launched to apprehend all the four.

Question 11.
Recently a cultural programme was arranged by B.M. Public School, Noida with the help of the local artists of the city for raising funds to
help an association for the differently-abled children of your city. Write a report in 100-125 words for publication in the newsletter of your school. You are Sunil/Sunita, Secretary of the Social Club of your school. (Comptt. Delhi 2011)
Answer:

Cultural Programme To
Help Disabled
By: Sunita, Secretary, Social Club

Our school arranged a cultural programme with the help of the local artists of our city to raise funds to help an association ‘Nirmal-Chaya’ that works for the differently-abled children of our city. All the proceeds from this programme were given to the NGO so that they are in a better position to provide assistance to these unfortunate children in the form of medical aid. It was most heartening to see the overwhelming response of our staff, students and their parents for our noble endeavour. The local artists too participated in this programme without charging any money as everyone wanted to do their bit for a good cause. Seeing the positive response of everyone who was involved in this noble cause, our school authorities have decided to organise one such event every year to help the NGOs of our city.

Question 12.
Write a report in 100-125 words on ‘No Tobacco’ campaign organized by your school in the academic session 2010-11. You are Deep/ Deepa, Cultural Secretary, Anupam Senior Secondary School, Meerut. (Comptt. Delhi 2011)
Answer:

‘No Tobacco’ Campaign
Deep, Cultural Secretary
Anupam Sr. Secondary School, Meerut

Our school organised a ‘No Tobacco’ Campaign on 19th November during the academic session 2010-11. Our school children took out a huge procession around the school carrying posters and placards and shouting slogans on the harmful effects of tobacco. This campaign also brought together experts from various fields like fitness experts, public health experts, media representatives and also members of the youth organizations who increased awareness about the dangers of using tobacco. Various interschool art competitions, debates and declamations were also organised as a part of this campaign. The main aim of our campaign was to highlight the hazards of using tobacco and to encourage people to give up use of tobacco in any form. Through this campaign the student community came forth in its own way to lend its voice and draw public attention to the fatal dangers of using tobacco.

Question 13.
Write a report as an eyewitness to the fire accident that occurred in your neighbourhood. Your report should be within 100-125 words. Invent the necessary details. You are Rashi/ Raman of 15, Ballimaran, Delhi. (Comptt. All India 2011)
Answer:

Fire Mishap
Raman
15 Ballimaran, Delhi

12th September, 20xx, Delhi: A fire broke out in our neighbourhood in Ballimaran yesterday in a two-storey house due to a gas cylinder explosion. Three persons received severe burn injuries and household goods worth almost five lakhs were completely destroyed. It was rather frightening to see the extent of the flames which seemed to engulf even the adjacent houses. Though the exact cause of the bursting of the cylinder is not known, it is suspected that a possible leakage in the gas pipe triggered the blast. It took three fire tenders almost four hours to control the fire. The police have registered a case of accident and a probe to investigate the exact cause of the fire will be carried out. The injured persons, a man and two women, have been admitted to the Bums Ward of ABC Hospital and their condition is stated to be critical.

Question 14.
You are an eye-witness to a road accident resulting in loss of human life and property. As a press reporter of National Herald, write a report in 100-125 words. (Comptt. All India 2011)
Answer:

Fatal Road Accident
XYZ, Staff Reporter
National Herald

5th May, 20xx, Delhi: Two persons were killed and three injured when a speeding Scorpio crashed into their Maruti 800 car near the INA Metro Station yesterday afternoon. The incident took place at around 12:45 p.m. when the victims, aged between 35-40 years, were going from their office to attend a meeting at South Extension. As their vehicle approached the INA Metro Station, a speeding Scorpio rammed into the Maruti from behind killing two people on the spot and injuring the other three occupants. The accident also caused a traffic snarl on the busy road before the police arrived on the scene and rushed the injured to the nearby AIIMS Trauma Centre. The accused, driver of the Scorpio, has been arrested and a case of rash and negligent driving causing death has been registered against him.

Question 15.
Your school Commerce Association organised a seminar for class XII students of the schools of your zone on the topic, ‘Rising prices create a crisis’. As Co-ordinator of the programme, write a report in 100-125 words for your school magazine. You are Piyush/Priya of ABC School, Agra. (Delhi 2012)
Answer:

Seminar On ‘Rising Prices’
Priya, Co-ordinator, Commerce Association
ABC School, Agra

The Commerce Association of our school organised a seminar for the class XII students of all the schools of our zone on 19th November, 20xx. The topic of the seminar was ‘Rising prices create a crisis’. The three-day seminar, which was attended by distinguished and eminent personalities from the field of finance and commerce, was an eye-opener as to how the ever-rising prices are most likely to cause a crisis to which there may be no solution. The need of the hour of our government is to check and control the rising prices which have strained the pocket as well as the well-being of the common man. The students got an insight into how inflation is hampering the economic growth of our country. On a concluding note our principal assured us that he would do his best to organise seminars on contemporary issues regularly.

Question 16.
A new indoor gymnasium has recently been constructed and inaugurated at APJ International School at Goa. As special correspondent of ‘The Hindu’ draft a report in 100-125 words on the gymnasium and the inauguration ceremony. (Delhi 2012)
Answer:

State-Of-The-Art
Gymnasium Inauguration
Special Correspondent,
The Hindu

7th August, Goa: An indoor gymnasium which had been under construction for the past few months was inaugurated at APJ International School. The State Health Minister, Shri S.D. Philips, inaugurated the fully equipped air-conditioned gymnasium yesterday in the presence of the staff and students of the school. In his inaugural speech, the Minister stressed upon the need of physical fitness and the importance of following a regular work-out regime in today’s stressful lifestyle. The gymnasium combines innovative early physical education, pre-gymnastics classes with state-of-the-art fitness equipment and other facilities.

Such initiatives empower the school children by j helping them to acquire the necessary skills, confidence and positive self-image needed to become healthy young adults.

Question 17.
Your school conducted a seminar on ‘How to prevent cruelty towards animals’, in which 40 city CBSE schools took part. As Co-ordinator of the programme, write a report in 100-125 words for the school magazine. You are Vikram/Vidhi of C.P.S. Senior Secondary School, Bengaluru. (Delhi 2012)
Answer:

Seminar To Prevent Cruelty Towards Animals
Vidhi, Co-ordinator
C.P.S. Senior Secondary School, Bangalore

Our school conducted a seminar for classes XI and XII on ‘How to prevent cruelty towards animals’. Forty city CBSE schools participated in this three-day seminar which started on 31st October, 20xx. The seminar discussed animal cruelty in perspective to two main themes — preventing cruelty to animals through early intervention, educating and changing legislation and examining the connection between cruelty towards animals in relation to the violent human nature. Distinguished members of the SPCA organisation addressed: the members during this seminar.

They stressed upon the need for compassion and care which is due to animals as living and responsive beings. Animals are entitled to kind and respectful treatment at the hands of humans, and that is not to be left to the compassionate impulses of humans but is an entitlement that must be protected under the law. During this seminar, other animal-cruelty issues that came under the scanner were fighting animal cruelty perpetrated by industries like factory farming, the fur industry, animal experimentation and animals used in entertainment.

Question 18.
You witnessed a bomb blast in a Delhi market when you went there for shopping along with your parents for Diwali purchases. Write a report in 100-125 words for your school magazine. (Delhi 2012)
Answer:

Bomb Explosion In Market-Place
By: ABC

Our shopping for Diwali could not have taken a more ghastly and ugly turn, that was beyond even our worst nightmare. On 24th October, 20xx, a powerful bomb blast rocked the busy Karol Bagh market where I had gone along with my parents for Diwali shopping. The explosion took place at about 6.10 pm near a three-wheeled vehicle which got ripped apart. Within seconds the entire area was strewn with glass and splattered with blood. Amidst utter fear, chaos and confusion people were seen running wildly, some in search of their dear ones and others to ensure their own safety.

I stood they are dumbfounded, almost paralysed with fear as my parents helped an old couple who had sustained severe injuries in the blast. Not even in my wildest dreams could I have imagined the horrific sights that then met my eyes. I am convinced that these nightmarish sights are there to stay in my memory for a lifetime. Every time I close my eyes I relive those horrifying moments where I can see people wailing and groaning.

Question 19.
You witnessed a fire accident in a slum area near your colony on Saturday night. You were very much disturbed at the pathetic sight. Write a report in 100-125 words for your school magazine. You are Lakshmi/Lakshman, a student of P.D.K. International School, Madurai. (All India 2012)
Answer:

Fire In Slum Area
By: Lakshmi

P.D.K. International School, Madurai A fire broke out near our colony, I.G. Extension on 12th October, 20xx. This ghastly fire burnt down at least 50 shanties and about 30 casualties were reported. The meagre belongings of daily wagers and labourers living in this slum were turned to ashes. The pathetic sight of wailing children and women was heartrending. Since the fire broke out at around 7.30 pm, most of the womenfolk were cooking their evening meals. So many slum dwellers had to go hungry that night as the fire brigades took almost four hours to douse the flames and control the fire. People from our colony came forward to help these distressed people. We offered packed food and water to them. The miserable plight of these people as their abodes turned to ashes will continue to haunt the residents of our locality for a long time.

Question 20.
You are Keshav/Karuna, Sports Secretary of Vidhyapeet, Bengaluru. You participated in the national level CBSE Chess Tournament at Delhi recently. Write a report for your school magazine, in 100-125 words on the programme and your team’s performance. (Comptt. Delhi 2012)
Answer:

Cbse Chess Tournament
By: Karuna,

Sports Secretary It was a great honour for me to represent my school, Vidhyapeet, Bengaluru, in the national level CBSE Chess Tournament held at Delhi j from 19th to 22nd September, 20xx. The I tournament was inaugurated by the CBSE chairman. Seven schools from all over India had qualified for the national level competition. The first round of the competition started on 19th September in the ABC Indoor Stadium. After various elimination rounds came the final round in which our school and Model School, Chennai qualified. Finally, this journey of ten cracker rounds was won by our school by scoring 8.5 points. With great pride I accepted the winning trophy. The Chairman, CBSE gave away the prizes during the closing ceremony. In his speech, he praised the CBSE officials for their good work in promoting the game of Chess.

Question 21.
You are Jay/Jaya, an NCC cadet from Shyamala Memorial Hall, Trichy. You were selected as a member of the contingent to represent Tamil Nadu in the Republic Day parade in Delhi. Write a report for your school magazine, in 100-125 words on the programme, and about your participation. (Comptt. All India 2012)
Answer:

Parade Honour
By: Jay, NCC Cadet
Shyamala Memorial Hall, Trichy

It was indeed a great honour for me to be selected as a member of the contingent to represent Tamil Nadu in the Republic Day Parade in Delhi. It was heartwarming to hear the loud applause and cheers that greeted our float as we marched past the VIP area which seated the President of India, the Prime Minister and various other foreign dignitaries. I felt extremely proud to be a member of the contingent to march on Rajpath with 86 other members. This march past was indeed wonderful with each contingent marching along in all their finery and official decorations. Our contingent highlighted the culture of Tamil Nadu by presenting the ‘Karagam’ folk dance. We had put in a great amount of practice and every minor detail was looked into minutely. We wanted to do everything perfectly including our costumes, jewellery and the essential props that were needed because the event we had been selected for was one that was of great national significance and pride. It was a lifetime opportunity for us and we wanted to put up our best.

Question 22.
You are Jay/Jaya, studying in Shyamala Memorial Hall, Trichy. Some students of your school attended a first aid training camp for a week at Red Cross Headquarters of your state. Write a report for your school magazine in 100-125 words on the events of the camp and your participation and performance. (Comptt. All India 2012)
Answer:

First Aid Training Camp
By: Jaya,

Shyamalan Memorial Hall Some students of class XII of our school got an opportunity to attend a first aid training camp for a week at the Red Cross Headquarters in Chennai. Attending this camp proved very helpful to us because it gave us an opportunity to learn as to how we can help in providing emergency health care for anyone who requires immediate first-aid. I am sure all those who attended this camp will help make a difference to society. Our seven-day training started with a batch of 20 volunteers who received training under a Red Cross trainer.

The training comprised practical sessions in artificial respiration, use of bandages, simple medication through common drugs and ointments etc. Apart from administering first aid in emergency situations, the trainer also made us understand the basis of home nursing. We were also trained in potentially life-saving techniques that can be performed with minimal equipment. At the end of our seven-day camp, we were given a course completion certificate in which our performance was evaluated. We were confident we were now in a position of saving a life in case of an emergency.

Question 23.
You are Deepak/Deepika, Secretary of Ahimsa club, Parsva Public School, Delhi. On 2nd October your school observed ‘International Day for Peace and Non-violence’, organizing various activities such as visit to Raj Ghat, Charkha spinning, lectures by eminent Gandhians etc. Write a report on the same in 100-125 words. (Delhi 2013)
Answer:

International Day For
Peace And Non-Violence
By: Deepika,

Secretary, Ahimsa Club Parsva Public School, Delhi Our school observed ‘International Day for Peace and Non-violence’ on 2nd October this year. This was our way to pay our tribute to the Father of our Nation by attempting to highlight the principles he followed that enabled him to win our independence. On this occasion, our school organized various activities such as a visit to Raj Ghat, Charkha Spinning, lectures by eminent Gandhians etc. It was enlightening to hear the lectures of the eminent Gandhians who emphasised Gandhiji’s foremost principles that guided all his thoughts and activities. These included complete unity and integrity of the body, mind and soul in an individual. It was also revealed that one of the greatest achievements of Gandhiji was the spiritualisation of politics. This celebration was the most enlightening way to commemorate the memory of the Father of Our Nation.

Question 24.
Your school, Sea View Public School, Kochi, organized a Blood-donation Camp on the occasion of the Republic Day celebrations. As Cultural Secretary of your school, write a report on the event in 100-125 words. (Delhi 2013)
Answer:

Blood Donation Camp
By: Cultural Secretary,

Sea View Public School, Kochi Our school organized a Blood Donation Camp on 26th January, 20xx on the occasion of the Republic Day celebrations. This camp was a huge success and saw the participation from over 300 students and 50 faculty members. The camp was organized in collaboration with the Red Cross Society of India. Dr. Bela Anand from the Red Cross Society appreciated the efforts of the school in organizing the camp. She . appreciated the overwhelming response from the students as well as teachers and said it felt good when people, especially young students, come forward for a noble cause. Refreshments, certificates of appreciation and blood donor cards were given to all the donors. Our Principal finally administered the vote of thanks.

Question 25.
Traffic police has launched a special drive against pollution causing vehicles. This has led to traffic jams and crowds at important intersections. Write a report in 100-125 words to be published in ‘Chennai Times’. You are Prince/Priya, 12 M.G. Road, Adayar, Chennai. (Delhi 2013)
Answer:

Pollution Check Causes A Mess
By: Priya,

12, M.G. Road, Adayar, Chennai 26th August, 20xx, Chennai: The traffic police has recently launched a special drive against the pollution causing vehicles. This has created more confusion than relief. It has led to traffic jams and crowds at important intersections. The traffic constables have gone into overdrive by putting barricades and conducting checks on pollution. These barricades, put up by the police, create heavy traffic snarls especially during the peak hours. Traffic congestion is a problem for commuters who are invariably delayed in reaching their destination. The police need to restrict their drive to lean traffic hours. This way they will be able to carry forth their drive against pollution without causing inconvenience to the commuters.

Question 26.
Maxim Gorky School, Kodaikanal celebrated ‘Nutrition Week’ from 1st September to 7th September by arranging inter-school cookery contests, oratorical, painting and poster competitions, besides talks by eminent nutritionists and medical professionals. There was an overwhelming response from students and parents. Prepare a report in 100-125 words to be published in your school magazine. You are Arjun/Anita, School Pupil Leader. (All India 2013)
Answer:

Nutrition Week Celebrated
By: Anita,
School Pupil Leader,

Maxim Gorky School, Kodaikanal Our school celebrated ‘Nutrition Week’ from the 1st to the 7th September, 20xx. The theme of the celebration was ‘Food & Nutrition for Better Health’. The celebration aimed to raise awareness about the importance of healthy eating. Inter-school cookery contests, oratorical, painting and poster competitions were held, besides talks by eminent nutritionists and medical professionals. It was heartening to see the overwhelming response of students and parents. The highlight of the week-long celebration was a constant reiteration of healthy eating habits and adequate physical activity as a key to a healthy life. The ‘Nutrition Week’ provided a reminder to everyone that an appropriate lifestyle can prevent us from diseases, improve our quality of life and increase life- expectancy. Nutrition Week was concluded by a prize distribution ceremony.

Question 27.
You are Roshan/Rohini, School Pupil Leader of Meerut Public School, Meerut. Your school joined a campaign organised by various agencies of your city to create awareness among people to conserve water. Write a report in 100-125 words highlighting the activities such as rainwater harvesting etc. (Delhi 2013)
Answer:

Water-Conservation
By: Rohini,

School Pupil Leader Meerut Public School, Meerut On 12th September, 20xx: Our school joined a water conservation campaign at the India Habitat Centre. This campaign was organised by various agencies of our city to create awareness among people to conserve water. The main agenda of this campaign was to reiterate the need to save water which is a precious source for our survival. Distinguished environmentalists suggested rain-water harvesting as the best way to conserve water and used visual aids to explain the process to harvest rainwater. The agencies explained time and again on the fact that water-conservation is the most cost-effective, environmentally sound way to reduce the demand of water and each one of us must do our bit towards improving water management to enhance optimum use of water.

Question 28.
You are Smitha/Smith, Secretary, Cultural Association, Motilal Fomra School, Tirupati. Last month your school celebrated Library Week in which book reading sessions, writing of book reviews, lectures by eminent writers, etc. were organised. Write a report on it to be published in your school newsletter in 100-125 words. (All India 2013)
Answer:

Library Week Celebrated
By: Smitha,

Secretary, Cultural Association Motilal Fomra School, Tirupati Our school celebrated Library Week from 5lh January to 12th January. This was a great opportunity for each one of us to recognise the value of libraries. It was a much-awaited event and we made lots of preparations for it. Competitions were held on topics ranging from English Elocution, Book Mark Making, Book Cover Designs and Writing Book Reviews. Many students participated in these events and gave in their best. In addition to these competitions, book reading sessions and lectures by eminent writers were also organised. The new books purchased by our school library were also displayed. Library Week was altogether a very interesting and enjoyable week for students as well as teachers, who are already looking forward to celebrating it in the following years.

Question 29.
You are Rohini/Rehan. Your school KRM Senior Secondary School, Gurgaon organised a workshop on how to conserve energy. A number of CBSE schools participated in it. Many eminent personalities addressed the students. Write a report in 100-125 words for your school magazine. (All India 2013)
Answer:

Workshop On
Energy Conservation
By: Rohini

KRM Senior Secondary School, Gurgaon Our school organised a workshop on ‘How to conserve energy’ on 24th April, 20xx. Around 25 CBSE schools participated in it. The participants were trained on various tools and methods for energy conservation and efficient use of energy. A training manual titled ‘Doing More with Less’ was distributed to all the participants. Many eminent personalities from the Energy Department of the NRSE Division addressed the students. They highlighted the importance of incorporating energy into different spheres. They also pointed out the various steps that could be taken at the individual levels to conserve energy and use it efficiently. This workshop which was organised as a part of the project, Building Energy Awareness on Conservation (BEACON), was most enlightening and everyone felt more such workshops should be organised at regular intervals.

Question 30.
Keeping in view the frequent occurrence of earthquakes, floods and torrential rains in different parts of the country, your school arranged a talk on disaster management. The speaker explained the precautionary measures to be taken by the public and the government in case of emergency. As a student reporter, Ravi/Rani prepare a report on the talk in 100125 words, to be published in your local paper. (All India 2013)
Answer:

Talk On Disaster Management
By: Ravi,
Student Reporter

1st April, 20xx: Keeping in view the frequent occurrence of earthquakes, floods and torrential rains in different parts of our country, our school arranged a talk on disaster management. The talk was held in our school auditorium at 11 AM, on 24th March, 20xx. The main aim for arranging this talk was to spread awareness among the people on how to deal with disasters. The speaker, who was a member of the National Disaster Response Force, explained all of us about the steps that need to be taken to minimise the risks in case of any disaster. He also explained with the help of visual aids the precautionary measures that should be taken by the public and the government in case of an emergency. This talk, with demonstrations, is sure to help each one of us to enhance our knowledge to deal with disasters.

Question 31.
Incessant rain has caused irrecoverable damage in your area. As an active participant in the flood relief programme, write a report in 125-150 words on the different flood relief measures carried out. You are Krishan/ Krishna. (Delhi 2014)
Answer:

Flood Relief Programme
By: Krishna

In an initiative to provide immediate material and trauma relief to the evacuees of the flood calamity struck victims in our area the volunteers of ‘The Saviours of the Earth Foundation’ organized a flood relief programme of which I was an active participant. Ever since incessant rains resulting in heavy floods lashed our area, volunteers of our organization have been working in coordination with the disaster management team to distribute door to door relief material to the victims. For providing material relief, our organization has been raising funds and has also been conducting trauma-relief meditation for the evacuees. A team of 250 volunteers of our organization including doctors are constantly providing medical aid and food, assisting in rescue operations and clearing the debris.

Question 32.
You have visited a book exhibition in your neighbourhood. Write a report in 125-150 words on the exhibition. You are Rohan/ Rohini. (Delhi 2014)
Answer:

Book Exhibition
By: Rohini

The Book Trust of India successfully organized a three day Book Exhibition in our neighbourhood, in the Raja Garden grounds. Many reputed national and international publishers participated in this event. This fair was inaugurated by the Vice-Chancellor of Indira Gandhi National Open University, Professor Kumar. He appreciated all the arrangements made at the book fair and also visited many stalls and thanked the publishers for making the book fair such a success. Many people enthusiastically visited the book fair as it housed a good collection of academic, fiction, research and general books. This book fair is likely to play a pivotal role in reiterating the importance of books and is likely to be recognized as a huge annual cultural event of book bonanza keenly awaited by students, teachers, scholars, intellectuals, authors and book lovers.

Question 33.
On Teachers’ day, the badge holders of your school organized a grand celebration to honour the teachers of your school. As the head boy of the school, write a report on the celebration in 125-150 words. (Delhi 2014)
Answer:
On the occasion of Teachers’ Day, on the 5th of September, the badge holders of our school organized a grand celebration to honour the teachers of our school. The programme started with a tribute to Dr. Radhakrishnan. The entire programme had an emotional and recreational touch. The students had made elaborate preparations to ensure that the Teachers’ Day, celebrations was a huge success. They had organized various games and a range of cultural programmes for the teachers.

The students also made a movie for the teachers in which they conveyed their heartfelt gratitude to their teachers. They also added on video messages from the school alumni and the members of the governing body of the school wherein the teachers were thanked for their contribution to the school and the society. The teachers were overwhelmed with emotion on seeing the movie. The programme ended with a vote of thanks from our principal.

Question 34.
As you were travelling by train, you happened to witness an accident at an unmanned level crossing. As the reporter of a newspaper, write a report on the accident, including details of the number of people injured and the extent of damage caused. (Delhi 2014)
Answer:

Two Killed In Train Accident
By: ABC, Staff Correspondent

16th March, 20xx: Delhi: Two persons were killed when their car was hit by the KK Express at an unmanned level crossing at Dabri Mor. They were rushed to a local hospital where they were declared brought dead. The car driver was identified as Umesh (36) and the other passenger as Soham (39). Expressing sorrow and shock at the accident, the State Transport Minister, stressed the need to set up manned level crossings, which should be taken up by the Centre. According to eyewitnesses, at around 11:15 am, the car was at the level crossing and stopped just before the KK Express was to pass, but unfortunately, it was too close to the tracks. The car was thrown around 20 feet from the level crossing. The area where the road crosses the railway tracks is unmanned, and according to local residents, this is the second time within one year that a car has been hit by a train. An enquiry has been ordered into the accident.

Question 35.
You had attended a workshop on personality development for students. Many eminent personalities had been present. Write a report in 125-150 words on how the workshop proved to be beneficial. You are Rajesh/Rajshree. (All India 2014)
Answer:

Workshop On Personality
Development For Students
By: Rajesh

19th April, 20xx: Regular personality development workshops are organized for students wherein eminent personalities from different fields are invited to interact with the students. I attended one such workshop organized by Bharat Vikas Sadan, an NGO that works for child development. About 72 students attended this workshop wherein, Mrs. Rachita Sharma, a student counsellor and personality trainer conducted the workshop for the development of students’ communication skills.

Through multimedia presentation, along-with an animated and energizing speech, she stressed that for rising in any field of career, communication skills play a very important role. After attending the one hour workshop I understood that this was bound to prove most beneficial to the students who had attended it. They were sure to gain a lot of valuable knowledge that would prove to be most useful to them in the future. I feel such workshops should be organized more frequently.

Question 36.
A few teachers and students from Edwin University had visited your school on an exchange programme. You welcomed them grandly. Write a report in 125-150 words on the celebration. You are Brijesh/Benu. (All India 2014)
Answer:

Exchange Programme
By: Brijesh

16th April, 20xx: A few teachers and students from Edwin University had visited our school on an exchange programme for ten days. They were given a grand welcome. The principal, staff and students of our school personally accorded them a warm welcome. A cultural extravaganza was held to familiarise them with our traditions and customs. They were served a traditional Indian meal and sweets. It was heartening to see the foreign teachers and students taking active and enthusiastic part in the different programmes we had specially organized for them. Our principal gave the welcome speech and then they were escorted to our school hostel where they stayed during their ten-day tour of our city.

Question 37.
You are AnuragfAnjali, a reporter with a national daily. You have heard that a multistorey building near the main railway station has collapsed causing panic in the area. You rush to the site of the accident along with your team. Write a report in 125-150 words mentioning the time and place of the accident, number of casualties, the cause of the accident and the rescue operation conducted by the authorities. (Comptt. Delhi 2014)
Answer:

Multistorey Building Collapses
By: Anjali,

Staff Correspondent 5th September, 20xx: Tragedy struck the city early on Monday morning when an eight storeyed NDMC building collapsed around 7 a.m. in Central Delhi, near the main railway station. This building, civic officials said, was old and probably not maintained well. Rescuers raced to reach the dozens of people feared trapped in the rubble. At least ten people are reported killed and twenty have been so far pulled alive from the building and rushed to the hospital, said Alok Bansal, local commander of the National Disaster Response Force. “Approximately 70 to 80 people are believed to be left behind under the debris.”, Mr. Bansal said, citing reports from his team on the scene. This is the latest of several building collapses in Delhi and NCR this year. The State Government has ordered an enquiry into the mishap.

Question 38.
Write a report in 100-125 words on the Zonal Cricket Tournament held in the playground of A.B.C. School, Laxmi Nagar last week. Your report should include details such as names of participating teams, exciting, cheerful atmosphere, decorated playground, a large crowd of cheering students and presentation ceremony. You are Gopalan/Gauri, Student Editor of your school magazine. (Comptt. Delhi 2014)
Answer:

Zonal Cricket Tournament
By: Gopalan,

Student Editor The Zonal Cricket Tournament was held in the playground of A.B.C. School, Laxmi Nagar from the 20th to the 27th of September, 20xx. The participating teams included JMJ School Rohini; XYZ Public School, Roop Nagar; PQR Public School, Fatehpuri; MPL School, Azadpur; RPW Senior Secondary School, Paschim Vihar and LML Boys School, Patel Nagar. After a series of knockout rounds, PQR Public School and XYZ Public School emerged as the finalists.

On the day of the finals, both these teams were cheered by a large crowd of students. After winning the toss, the PQR Public School team elected to bat first and set a target of 153 runs in 20 overs. But the XYZ team could only get 126 runs and thus PQR Public School won the match and their star batsmen Akash Ahuja was awarded with ‘Man of the Match’ trophy. It was most enthralling to see the cheerful and exciting atmosphere in the playground which seemed to resound with zest and enthusiasm.

The winning team was awarded with a trophy, medals and certificates which were presented by the Honorary Sports Secretary, Shri Vipin Kumar.

Question 39.
Members of the Social Activities Club of your school recently visited an orphanage run by a well-known N.G.O. Members of the club were greatly impressed with the atmosphere in the orphanage. Write a report in 125-150 words, giving details such as clean surroundings, nice and caring staff, well-fed children with glowing faces, toys and games for kids, etc. You are Nutan/Naveen, President of your school’s Social Activities Club. (Comptt. All India 2014)
Answer:

Visit To An Orphanage
By: Nutan,

President, Social Activities Club Members of the Social Activities Club of our school recently visited an orphanage run by a reputed N.G.O. It was indeed a pleasure to be greeted by smiling faces of innocent children. Before we actually got to interact with the kids, we were given a tour of the property. Walking around was a pleasant experience as our expectations of a dusty and gloomy place were replaced by the reality of a vibrant, heartwarming and welcoming environment. The children smiled with sparkling and curious eyes as we walked around. We were pleasantly surprised to encounter such happy and lively kids, who were being looked after by nice and caring staff. It was a day spent between fun and games and towards the end of our visit we parted with the promise to return soon.

We would like to convey our heartfelt gratitude to all the staff members and volunteers of the orphanage for giving us this opportunity to interact with these wonderful kids.

Question 40.
The members of Saraswati Residents Welfare Association held a protest rally at the District Park against the decision of the Municipal Corporation to cut down trees for widening of roads to ease traffic congestion. Write a report on the rally in 125-150 words. You are Puneeta/ Pramod, the President of the Association. (Comptt. All India 2014)
Answer:

Protest Rally
By: Puneeta, President, Saraswati R.W.A.

25th 20xx: The members of the Saraswati Residents Welfare Association held a protest rally at the District Park on 19th November, 20xx. This protest rally was held against the decision of the Municipal Corporation to cut down trees for widening of roads to ease traffic congestion. Dozens of concerned citizens marched to the District Park on early Monday morning to strongly protest against what they called ‘rampant slaughter of trees’.

Since July this year residents have been campaigning against the Municipal Corporation’s decision to remove around 125 trees as part of its road extension plan. Many multisectoral groups also joined this protest rally which turned out to be quite successful and hopefully effective. Through this protest rally we hope to garner support so as to deter the decision of the Municipal Corporation to cut down trees.

Question 41.
Cultural Society Sunshine Public School, Nellore organised an adult camp in its neighbourhood. Write a report in 150-200 words on the camp for your school newsletter. You are P.V. Sunitha, Secretary. Use the following clues: no. of volunteers—hours spent in teaching— location of the class—chairs, blackboards—no. of people attending the camp — benefit. (Delhi 2017)
Answer:

Adult Literacy Camp
By: P.V. Sunitlia, Secretary

Cultural Society, Sunshine Public School, Nellore The cultural society of our school organised an adult literacy camp in our neighbourhood from 22nd September to 21st October, 20xx for the slum dwellers, whose colony is located about two kilometres away from our school.

It was heartening to see the overwhelming response of our senior students who were keen volunteers and spent almost two hours each day teaching the adults who attended the camp in large numbers. The classes were held under a shed that the community center of our colony had allowed us to use for the camp. The members of the community center also lent us fifty chairs and five blackboards. The increasing number of adults who attended our month-long camp was proof enough of its success and of the fact that they were certainly gaining benefit from it. Reportedly, nearly 110 adults which included 45 females, benefitted from this noble initiative taken up by the cultural society of our school. Adult learners and the need for improved adult literacy deserves our attention and we need to constantly strive and take up initiatives to ensure literacy for all.

Question 42.
History Society of Kendriya Vidyalaya, Krishna Nagar sent a group of students to visit a place of historical interest. You, Anant/ Anita, were its leader. Write a report in 150200 words for the school newsletter on the tour, describing the place, its history, how you reached there and all that you have learnt. (All India 2017)
Answer:

Enlightening Visit
Tokonark Temple
By: Anant, Leader,

History Society Kendriya Vidyalaya, Krishna Nagar The History Society of our school organised a visit for thirty-two students to the Konark Temple in Orissa. As the leader of the group I was entrusted with a big responsibility to ensure that our travel, stay and visit was smooth as well as informative. We reached Bhubaneshwar railway station and took a deluxe bus from there to the Konark Temple which is about 65 kms away. After checking-in to our guesthouse, we were served lunch and given pamphlets about the history of the Konark Temple.

We rested that night and went to see the temple the next day. On reaching there we understood why the Konark Temple is an architectural marvel of India. It is believed that it was built by King Narasimhadeva I of Eastern Ganga Dynasty. The temple complex is in the shape of a gigantic chariot, having elaborately carved stone wheels, pillars and walls. Konark houses a massive temple dedicated to the Sun God. There are three images of the Sun God at different sides of the temple, positioned in such a direction as to catch the sun’s rays in the morning, noon and evening.

Our three-day visit to the Konark Temple was most enlightening and an experience that enriched us about the amazing cultural heritage of India. We hope our History Society organises more such trips to other historical sites.

Question 43.
You are Ram/Rajani, an N.C.C. cadet who attended Republic Day Parade in Delhi. You study in Shyamala Public School, Salem. Write a report to be published in your school magazine, in 150-200 words on Republic Day Camp & Parade. Don’t forget to mention the floats and how you enjoyed the occasion. (Comptt. All India 2017)
Answer:

The Grandeur Of Republic Day Celebrations
By: Ram, N.C.C cadet
Shyamala Public School, Salem

Being an N.C.C cadet I got the privilege of attending the Republic Day Parade in Delhi. I was awestruck by its sheer grandeur and magnificence. The parade showcases not only India’s defence capability but also gives us a unique glimpse of our cultural and social heritage.

The Republic Day Parade which is held in the capital city, New Delhi starts from the Rashtrapati Bhavan, along Rajpath, past India Gate. Before its commencement, the Prime Minister lays a floral wreath at the’ Amar Jawan Jyoti, a memorial to the soldiers who laid down their lives during various wars. The President then unfurls the National flag after which the different regiments of our armed forces march past with their bands in all their fineries saluting their commander-in-chief, the President of India.

Another highlight of the parade were the tableaus of different states that depicted India’s culture and diversity. Each Indian state and Union Territory is represented by a float that presents an aspect of its culture and is a visual treat. Watching the Republic Day celebrations was the most enjoyable experience and it was my good fortune to have got this opportunity to watch the parade from such close quarters, an experience that I will not be able to forget. The celebrations came to an end and everyone arose for the National Anthem following which the important dignitaries left Rajpath.

Important Questions for Class 12 English

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NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi Kshitiz Chapter 1 दो बैलों की कथा

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Formulae Handbook for Class 9 Maths and ScienceEducational Loans in India

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi Kshitiz Chapter 1 दो बैलों की कथा is part of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi Kshitiz Chapter 1 दो बैलों की कथा.

Board CBSE
Textbook NCERT
Class Class 9
Subject Hindi Kshitiz
Chapter Chapter 1
Chapter Name दो बैलों की कथा
Number of Questions Solved 43
Category NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi Kshitiz Chapter 1 दो बैलों की कथा

पाठ्यपुस्तक के प्रश्न-अभ्यास

प्रश्न 1.
कांजीहौस में कैद पशुओं की हाज़िरी क्यों ली जाती होगी?
उत्तर-
कांजीहौस एक प्रकार से पशुओं की जेल थी। उसमें ऐसे आवारा पशु कैद होते थे जो दूसरों के खेतों में घुसकर फसलें नष्ट करते थे। अत: कांजीहौस के मालिक का यह दायित्व होता था कि वह उन्हें जेल में सुरक्षित रखे तथा भागने न दे। इस कारण हर रोज उनकी हाजिरी लेनी पड़ती होगी।

प्रश्न 2.
छोटी बच्ची को बैलों के प्रति प्रेम क्यों उमड़ आया?
उत्तर-
छोटी बच्ची की माँ मर चुकी थी। सौतेली माँ उसे मारती रहती थी। इधर बैलों की भी यही स्थिति थी। गया उन्हें दिनभर खेत में जोतता, मारता-पीटता और शाम को सूखा भूसा डाल देता। छोटी बच्ची महसूस कर रही थी कि उसकी स्थिति और बैलों की स्थिति एक जैसी है। उनके साथ अन्याय होता देखा उसे बैलों के प्रति प्रेम उमड़ आया।

प्रश्न 3.
कहानी में बैलों के माध्यम से कौन-कौन से नीति-विषयक मूल्य उभर कर आए हैं?
उत्तर-
इस कहानी के माध्यम से निम्नलिखित नीतिविषयक मूल्य उभरकर सामने आए हैं

  • सरल-सीधा और अत्यधिक सहनशील होना पाप है। बहुत सीधे इनसान को मूर्ख या ‘गधा’ कहा जाता है।
  • इसलिए मनुष्य को अपने अधिकारों के लिए संघर्ष करना चाहिए।
  • आज़ादी बहुत बड़ा मूल्य है। इसे पाने के लिए मनुष्य को बड़े-से-बड़ा कष्ट उठाने को तैयार रहना चाहिए।
  • समाज के सुखी-संपन्न लोगों को भी आजादी की लड़ाई में योगदान देना चाहिए।

प्रश्न 4.
प्रस्तुत कहानी में प्रेमचंद ने गधे की किन स्वभावगत विशेषताओं के आधार पर उसके प्रति रूढ़ अर्थ ‘मूर्छ प्रयोग न कर किस नए अर्थ की ओर संकेत किया है?
उत्तर-
गधा सबसे बुद्धिहीन प्राणी माना जाता है। यदि किसी को मूर्ख कहना चाहते हैं तो हम उसे गधा कह देते हैं। गधा ‘मूर्ख’ के अर्थ में रुढ़ हो गया है परंतु लेखक ने इसे सही नहीं माना क्योंकि गधा अपने सीधेपन और सहनशीलता से किसी को हानि नहीं पहुँचाता है। गाय, कुत्ता और बैल जैसे जानवर कभी-कभी क्रोध कर देते हैं पर गधा ऐसा नहीं करता है। गुणों के विषय में वह ऋषियों-मुनियों से कम नहीं है।

प्रश्न 5.
किन घटनाओं से पता चलता है कि हीरा और मोती में गहरी दोस्ती थी?
उत्तर-
इस कहानी में अनेक घटनाएँ ऐसी हैं जिनसे पता चलता है कि मोती और हीरा में गहरी दोस्ती थी।

  1. पहली घटना-
    दोनों एक-साथ गाड़ी में जोते जाते थे तो यह कोशिश करते थे कि गाड़ी का अधिक भार दूसरे साथी के कंधे पर न आकर उसके अपने कंधे पर आए।
  2. दूसरी घटना-
    गया ने हीरा के नाक पर डंडा मारा तो मोती से सहा न गया। वह हल, रस्सी, जुआ, जोत सब लेकर भाग पड़ा। उससे हीरा का कष्ट देखा न गया।
  3. तीसरी घटना-
    जब मटर के खेत में मटर खाकर दोनों मस्त हो रहे तो वे सींग मिलाकर एक-दूसरे को ठेलने लगे। अचानक मोती को लगा कि हीरा क्रोध में आ गया है तो वह पीछे हट गया। उसने दोस्ती को दुश्मनी में बदलने से रोक लिया।
  4. चौथी घटना-
    जब उनके सामने विशालकाय साँड आ खड़ा हुआ तो उन्होंने योजनापूर्वक एक-दूसरे का साथ देते हुए उसका मुकाबला किया। साँड एक पर चोट करता तो दूसरा उसकी देह में अपने नुकीले सींग चुभा देता। आखिरकार साँड बेदम होकर गिर पड़ा।
  5. पाँचवीं घटना-
    मोती मटर के खेत में मटर खाते-खाते पकड़ा गया। हीरा उसे अकेला विपत्ति में देखकर वापस आ गया। वह भी मोती के साथ पकड़ा गया।
  6. छठी घटना-
    काँजीहौस में हीरा ने दीवार तोड़ डाली। उसे रस्सियों से बाँध दिया गया। इस पर मोती ने उसका साथ दिया। पहले तो उसने बाड़े की दीवार तोड़कर हीरा का अधूरा काम पूरा किया, फिर उसका साथ देने के लिए उसी के साथ बँध गया।

प्रश्न 6.
लेकिन औरत जात पर सींग चलाना मना है, यह भूल जाते हो।’-हीरा के इस कथन के माध्यम से स्त्री के प्रति प्रेमचंद के दृष्टिकोण को स्पष्ट कीजिए।
उत्तर
लेकिन औरत जात पर सींग चलाना मना है। हीरा के इस कथन के माध्यम से पता चलता है कि प्रेमचंद नारी जाति का अत्यधिक सम्मान करते थे। नारी विभिन्न रिश्ते बनाकर समाज में अपनी भूमिका का निर्वहन करती है। वह त्याग, दया, ममता, सहनशीलता का जीता जागता उदाहरण है। विपरीत परिस्थितियों में यदि नारी में क्रोध जैसे भाव आ भी जाते हैं तो इससे उसकी गरिमा कम नहीं हो जाती है और न उसके सम्मान में कमी आ जाती है। लेखक महिलाओं के प्रति अत्यधिक सम्मान रखता है। उसने यह भी कहना चाहा है कि जब पशु भी नारी जाति का सम्मान करते हैं तो मनुष्य को नारी जाति का सम्मान हर स्थिति में करना चाहिए।

प्रश्न 7.
किसान जीवन वाले समाज में पशु और मनुष्य के आपसी संबंधों को कहानी में किस तरह व्यक्त किया गया है?
उत्तर-
किसान जीवन में पशुओं और मनुष्यों के आपसी संबंध बहुत गहरे तथा आत्मीय रहे हैं।
किसान पशुओं को घर के सदस्य की भाँति प्रेम करते रहे हैं और पशु अपने स्वामी के लिए जी-जान देने को तैयार रहे हैं। झूरी हीरा और मोती को बच्चों की तरह स्नेह करता था। तभी तो उसने उनके सुंदर-सुंदर नाम रखे-हीरा-मोती। वह उन्हें अपनी आँखों से दूर नहीं करना चाहता था। जब हीरा-मोती उसकी ससुराल से लौटकर वापस उसके थाने पर आ खड़े हुए तो उसका हृदय आनंद से भर गया। गाँव-भर के बच्चों ने भी बैलों की स्वामिभक्ति देखकर उनका अभिनंदन किया। इससे पता चलता है कि किसान अपने पशुओं से मानवीय व्यवहार करते हैं।

प्रश्न 8.
इतना तो हो ही गया कि नौ दस प्राणियों की जान बच गई। वे सब तो आशीर्वाद देंगें’-मोती के इस कथन के आलोक में उसकी विशेषताएँ बताइए।
उत्तर-
इतना तो हो ही गया कि नौ-दस प्राणियों की जान बच गई। वे सब तो आशीर्वाद देंगे। मोती के इस कथन से पता चलता है कि वह परोपकारी स्वभाव वाला प्राणी है। परोपकार की ऐसी भावना वह मन में ही नहीं रखता है बल्कि इसे व्यावहारिक रूप में दर्शाता भी है। वह बाड़े की कच्ची दीवार को तोड़कर नौ-दस प्राणियों को भगाता है ताकि उनकी जान बच जाए। मोती सच्चा मित्र भी है। वह कांजीहौस में हीरा को अकेला छोड़कर नहीं जाता है। वह आशावादी भी है। उसे विश्वास है कि ईश्वर उनकी जान अवश्य बचाएँगे।

प्रश्न 9.
आशय स्पष्ट कीजिए
(क) अवश्य ही उनमें कोई ऐसी गुप्त शक्ति थी, जिससे जीवों में श्रेष्ठता का दावा करने वाला मनुष्य वंचित है।
(ख) उस एक रोटी से उनकी भूख तो क्या शांत होती; पर दोनों के हृदय को मानो भोजन मिल गया।
उत्तर-
(क) हीरा और मोती बिना कोई वचन कहे एक-दूसरे के मन की बात समझ जाते थे। प्रायः वे एक-दूसरे से स्नेह की बातें सोचते थे। यद्यपि मनुष्य स्वयं को सब प्राणियों से श्रेष्ठ मानता है किंतु उसमें भी यह शक्ति नहीं होती।

(ख) हीरा और मोती गया के घर बँधे हुए थे। गया ने उनके साथ अपमानपूर्ण व्यवहार किया था। इसलिए वे क्षुब्ध थे। परंतु तभी एक नन्हीं लड़की ने आकर उन्हें एक रोटी ला दी। उस रोटी से उनका पेट तो नहीं भर सकता था। परंतु उसे खाकर उनका हृदय जरूर तृप्त हो गया। उन्होंने बालिका के प्रेम का अनुभव कर लिया और प्रसन्न हो उठे।

प्रश्न 10.
गया ने हीरा-मोती को दोनों बार सूखा भूसा खाने के लिए दिया क्योंकि-
(क) गया पराये बैलों पर अधिक खर्च नहीं करना चाहता था।
(ख) गरीबी के कारण खली आदि खरीदना उसके बस की बात न थी।
(ग) वह हीरा-मोती के व्यवहार से बहुत दुखी था।
(घ) उसे खली आदि सामग्री की जानकारी न थी।
(सही उत्तर के आगे (✓) का निराश लगाइए।)
उत्तर-
(ग) वह हीरा-मोती के व्यवहार से दुखी था।

रचना और अभिव्यक्ति

प्रश्न 11.
हीरा और मोती ने शोषण के खिलाफ आवाज़ उठाई लेकिन उसके लिए प्रताड़ना भी सही। हीरा-मोती की इस प्रतिक्रिया पर तर्क सहित अपने विचार प्रकट करें।
उत्तर-
हीरा और मोती शोषण के विरुद्ध हैं। वे हर शोषण के विरुद्ध आवाज़ उठाते रहे हैं। उन्होंने झूरी के साले गयी का विरोध किया तो सूखी रोटियाँ खाई तथा डंडे खाए। फिर कॉजीहौस में अन्याय का विरोध किया तो बंधन में पड़े। उन्हें भूखे रहना पड़ा।
प्रतिक्रिया-मेरा विचार है कि हीरा और मोती का यह कदम बिल्कुल ठीक था। यदि वे कोई प्रतिक्रिया न करते तो उनका खूब शोषण होता। उन्हें गिड़गिड़ाकर, मन मारकर अपने मालिक की गुलामी करनी पड़ती। वे अपने दर्द को व्यक्त भी न कर पाते। परंतु अपना विद्रोह प्रकट करके उन्होंने मालिक को सावधान कर दिया कि उनका अधिक शोषण नहीं किया जा सकता। मार खाने के बदले उन्होंने मालिक के मन में भय तो उत्पन्न कर ही दिया।

प्रश्न 12.
क्या आपको लगता है कि यह कहानी आजादी की लड़ाई की ओर भी संकेत करती है?
उत्तर-
हाँ, हीरा-मोती ने अपनी परतंत्रता से मुक्ति पाने के लिए जिस तरह से नाना प्रकार की कठिनाइयाँ सहीं और मृत्यु के करीब जाकर भी बच निकले। वे अंततः अपने घर वापस आ गए, इससे यही संकेत मिलता है। हीरा-मोती गया के घर से पहली बार रस्सी तुड़ाकर आ जाते हैं। वे दुबारा गया के घर जाते हैं, तो उन्हें अपमानित और प्रताड़ित होना पड़ता है। और भूखा भी रहना पड़ता है। वहाँ से भागने पर उन्हें साँड रूपी मुसीबत का सामना करना पड़ता है। अंत में कांजीहौस में बंद होना तथा कसाई के हाथों बिकना तथा इसके उपरांत भी बचकर झुरी के पास आ जाना आदि आजादी की लड़ाई की ओर संकेत करती है।

भाषा अध्ययन

प्रश्न 13.
बस इतना ही काफ़ी है।
फिर मैं भी ज़ोर लगाता हूँ।
‘ही’, ‘भी’ वाक्य में किसी बात पर जोर देने का काम कर रहे हैं। ऐसे शब्दों को निपात कहते हैं। कहानी में से पाँच ऐसे वाक्य छाँटिए जिनमें निपात का प्रयोग हुआ हो।
उत्तर-
ही-

  • दोनों साथ उठते, साथ नाँद में मुँह डालते और रथ ही बैठते थे।
  • एक ही विजय ने उसे संसार की सभ्य जातियों में गण्य बना दिया।
  • ज्यादा-से-ज्यादा मेरी ही गरदन पर रहे।
  • यही उनका आधार था।
  • कभी-कभी उसे भी क्रोध आ ही जाता है।

भी-

  • कभी-कभी उसे भी क्रोध आ ही जाता है।
  • उसके चेहरे पर असंतोष की छाया भी न दिखाई देती।
  • गधे का एक छोटा भाई और भी है।
  • एक मुँह हटाता तो दूसरा भी हटा लेता था।
  • कभी-कभी अड़ियल बैल भी देखने में आता है।

प्रश्न 14.
रचना के आधार पर वाक्य भेद बताइए तथा उपवाक्य छाँटकर उसके भी भेद लिखिए-
(क) दीवार का गिरना था कि अधमरे-से पड़े हुए सभी जानवर चेत उठे।
(ख) सहसा एक दढ़ियल आदमी, जिसकी आँखे लाल थीं और मुद्रा अत्यंत कठोर, आया।
(ग) हीरा ने कहा-गया के घर से नाहक भागे।
(घ) मैं बेचूंगा, तो बिकेंगे।
(ङ) अगर वह मुझे पकड़ता तो मैं बे-मारे न छोड़ता।
उत्तर-
(क) वाक्य भेद – मिश्र वाक्य।
उपवाक्य – अधमरे से पड़े हुए सभी जानवर चेत उठे।
भेद – संज्ञा उपवाक्य

(ख) वाक्य भेद – मिश्रवाक्य।
उपवाक्य – जिसकी आँखें लाल थीं और मुद्रा अत्यंत कठोर।
भेद – विशेषण उपवाक्य।

(ग) वाक्य भेद – मिश्रवाक्य।
उपवाक्य – गया के घर से नाहक भागे।
भेद – संज्ञा उपवाक्य।

(घ) वाक्यभेद – मिश्रवाक्य।
उपवाक्य – तो बिकेंगे।
भेद – क्रियाविशेषण उपवाक्य।

(ङ) वाक्य भेद – मिश्रवाक्य।
उपवाक्य – तो बे मारे ने छोड़ता।
भेद – क्रियाविशेषण उपवाक्य।

प्रश्न 15.
कहानी में जगह-जगह मुहावरों का प्रयोग हुआ है। कोई पाँच मुहावरे छाँटिए और उनका वाक्यों में प्रयोग कीजिए।
उत्तर-

  • जी तोड़ काम करना
    वाक्य- भारतीय श्रमिक जी-तोड़कर काम करते हैं।
  • गम खा जाना
    वाक्य-भारत के मज़दूर इतने स्वाभिमानी हैं कि वे गम खा जाते हैं, हाय-तौबा नहीं मचाते।
  • ईंट का जवाब पत्थर से देना
    वाक्य-यह दुनिया उसी को सम्मान देती है जो ईंट का जवाब पत्थर से देना जानता है।
  • दाँतों पसीना आना
    वाक्य-क्रिकेट के मैदान से कुत्ते को बाहर खदेड़ने में माली को दाँतों पसीना आ गया।
  • कसर उठाना
    वाक्य-मालिक के कहने पर हम हर काम कर देते हैं। किसी प्रकार की कोई कसर नहीं उठा रखते

पाठेतर सक्रियता

प्रश्न 16.
छात्र पुस्तक से महादेवी वर्मा द्वारा लिखित कहानियाँ नीलकंठ, गिल्लू, गौरा, सोना आदि कहानियाँ पढे। ये कहानियाँ पशु-पक्षियों से संबंधित हैं।
उत्तर-
छात्र कक्षा में स्वयं चर्चा करें।

अन्य पाठेतर हल प्रश्न

लघु उत्तरीय प्रश्नोत्तर

प्रश्न 1.
गधा किस अर्थ में रुढ़ हो गया है? और क्यों?
उत्तर-
गधा ‘मूर्ख’ या बेवकूफ के अर्थ में रुढ़ हो गया है। किसी आदमी को जब बेवकूफ़ कहना चाहते हैं तो उसे गधा कहते हैं। ऐसा उसके सीधेपन और सब कुछ सहन करने के कारण कहा जाता है।

प्रश्न 2.
सहनशीलता के मामले में गाय और कुत्ता गधे से किस तरह भिन्न हैं?
उत्तर-
गाय और कुत्ता गधे जितना सहनशील नहीं है। गाय नाराज होने पर या अपने बच्चे को छेड़े जाते हुए देखकर हिंसक रूप धारण कर लेती है। इसी तरह कुत्ता भी काट लेता है जबकि गधा सब कुछ चुपचाप सहन कर लेता है।

प्रश्न 3.
अफ्रीका और अमरीका में भारतीयों की दुर्दशा का क्या कारण है?
उत्तर-
अफ्रीका और अमरीका में भारतीयों की दुर्दशा का कारण उनका सीधापन और उनकी सहनशीलता है। वे अपनी सहनशीलता के कारण शोषण और अन्याय के खिलाफ आवाज़ नहीं उठाते है और गम खाकर रह जाते हैं।

प्रश्न 4.
बैल को गधे का छोटा भाई क्यों कहा गया है?
उत्तर-
बैल को गधे का छोटा भाई इसलिए कहा गया है क्योंकि बैल भी सीधा-सादा जानवर है। वह भी सहनशील है पर गधे जितना नहीं। बैल सींग चलाकर, अड़ियल रुख अपनाकर तथा कई अन्य तरीके से अपना विरोध एवं असंतोष प्रकट कर देता है।

प्रश्न 5.
पशुओं की किस गुप्त शक्ति से मनुष्य वंचित है?
उत्तर-
पशु अपने मन के भाव-विचार मूक भाषा में व्यक्त करते हैं जिससे अन्य पशु समझ जाते हैं। इस तरह वे दूसरे के मन की बातें बिना कहे जान-समझ लेते हैं। पशुओं की यह ऐसी गुप्त शक्ति है जिससे मनुष्य वंचित है।

प्रश्न 6.
हीरा-मोती एक-दूसरे के प्रति प्रेम और मित्रता कैसे प्रकट करते थे?
उत्तर-
हीरा और मोती एक-दूसरे को चाट-चूटकर और सँघकर अपना प्रेम प्रकट करते थे। वे अपनी दोस्ती प्रकट करने के लिए कभी-कभी सींग भी मिला लेते थे। उनके ऐसा करने में विग्रह का भाव नहीं बल्कि मनोविनोद और आत्मीयता का भाव रहता था।

प्रश्न 7.
किन बातों से प्रकट होता है कि हीरा-मोती में भाई चारा था।
उत्तर-
हीरा-मोती जब हल में जोते जाते थे तब उनकी यही चेष्टा रहती थी कि वे एक-दूसरे का भार अपने कंधे पर ले ले। वे दिन भर के काम के बाद दोपहर या संध्या में चाट-चूटकर अपनी थकान उतारते। वे एक साथ नाँदों में मुँह डालते और हटाते थे। इन बातों से हीरा-मोती का भाई चारा प्रकट होता है।

प्रश्न 8.
बैलों को अपने साथ ले जाते हुए गया को क्या परेशानी हो रही थी ?
उत्तर-
दोनों बैलों को अपने साथ ले जाते हुए गया को यह परेशानी हो रही थी कि बैल उसके साथ नहीं जाना चाहते थे। यदि वह बैलों को पीछे से हाँकता था तो दोनों बैल दाँए-बाएँ भागते थे और वह पगहे पकड़कर आगे को खींचता तो दोनों पीछे को ज़ोर लगाते।

प्रश्न 9.
हीरा-मोती को वाणी की कमी क्यों अखर रही थी?
उत्तर-
हीरा-मोती गया के साथ अनिच्छा से जा रहे थे। वे सोच रहे थे कि गया के हाथों उन्हें बेच दिया गया है। वे अपने मालिक झूरी से अपने बेचे जाने का कारण जानना चाहते थे। हीरा-मोती बैल ये जो मूक भाषा में बातें कर सकते थे पर झूरी समझता कैसे। अपनी बात कहने के लिए हीरा-मोती को वाणी की कमी अखर रही थी।

प्रश्न 10.
हीरा-मोती की आँखों में विद्रोहमय स्नेह कब झलकता हुआ प्रतीत हुआ और क्यों?
उत्तर-
झूरी ने हीरा-मोती को गया के घर काम करने भेजा था पर इन दोनों को वहाँ गाँव, घर तथा मनुष्य सब बेगाने जैसे लग रहे थे। उन्हें गया से भी स्नेह नहीं मिल रहा था। वे दोनों वहाँ से रात में ही भाग आए थे। उन्हें अपने बेचे जाने का भ्रम होने के कारण उनकी आँखों में विद्रोहमय स्नेह झलक रहा था।

प्रश्न 11.
हीरा और मोती ने गया के घर स्वयं को अपमानित क्यों महसूस किया?
उत्तर-
हीरा और मोती ने गया के घर स्वयं को इसलिए अपमानित महसूस किया क्योंकि गया ने अपने बैलों के चारे में चूनी-चोकर, खली आदि मिलाया परंतु हीरा मोती के सामने सूखा भूसा डाल दिया। इन बैलों के साथ झूरी ने ऐसा कभी नहीं किया था।

प्रश्न 12.
गया और उसके घरवाले हीरा-मोती को नियंत्रण में करने के लिए क्या योजना बना रहे थे?
उत्तर-
गया और उसके घरवालों का व्यवहार बैलों के प्रति अच्छा न था। वह बैलों को मारता-पीटता था तब भी बैलों पर उसका पूरा नियंत्रण नहीं था। इन्हें नियंत्रित करने के लिए वे बैलों की नाक में नाथ डालने की योजना बना रहे थे।

प्रश्न 13.
बालिका ने बैलों को भागने में किस तरह मदद की?
उत्तर-
बालिका प्रतिदिन की तरह दो रोटियाँ लेकर हीरा-मोती के पास आई और घरवालों की योजना बताते हुए उनके गले की रस्सी खोल दी। वह चिल्लाने लगी कि फूफा वाले दोनों बैल भागे जा रहे हैं ताकि कोई भी उसपर संदेह न करे। इस तरह उसने बैलों को भागने में मदद की।

प्रश्न 14.
हीरा ने कब और कैसे सच्चे मित्र का फर्ज निभाया?
उत्तर-
हीरा और मोती भूखे थे। सामने के खेत में हरी मटर नजर आई। अभी उन्होंने दो-चार ग्रास ही खाए थे कि रखवाले लाठी लिए आए। हीरा तो भाग सकता था पर सींचे खेत में खुर धंसने से मोती फँस गया। रखवालों ने उसे पकड़ लिया तो हीरा भागा नहीं। इस तरह उसने सच्चे मित्र का फर्ज निभाया।

प्रश्न 15.
कांजीहौस में किन्हें बंद किया जाता है और उनके साथ कैसा व्यवहार किया जाता है?
उत्तर-
कांजीहौस में आवारा और लावारिस पशुओं को बंद किया जाता है। वहाँ उनके साथ अमानवीय व्यवहार किया जाता है। उनकी हालत अत्यंत दयनीय हो जाती है। अधिकांश मरने की कगार पर पहुँच जाते हैं।

प्रश्न 16.
दढ़ियल ने जब बैलों के कूल्हे में अँगुली से गोदा तो उन्होंने अपने अंतर्ज्ञान से क्या जान लिया?
उत्तर-
नीलामी के लिए खड़े हीरा-मोती के कूल्हे में जब दढ़ियल ने अँगुली से गोदा तो दोनों ने अपने अंतर्ज्ञान से यह जान लिया कि दढ़ियल कसाई है। वह नीलामी में उन्हें खरीदकर उन पर छुरी चलाएगा।

प्रश्न 17.
मोती के उस कार्य का वर्णन कीजिए जिसके बदले वह आशीर्वाद पाने की अपेक्षा कर रहा था?
उत्तर-
कांजीहौस में बंदी हीरा-मोती ने देखा कि वहाँ गधे, घोड़े बकरियाँ, भैंसें आदि नौ-दस जानवर मुरदों-से ज़मीन पर पड़े हैं। मोती ने रात में बाड़े की दीवार गिरा दी जिससे ये जानवर भाग गए और उनकी जान बच गई। अपने इसी कार्य के बदले वह आशीर्वाद पाने की अपेक्षा कर रहा था।

प्रश्न 18.
हीरा-मोती जब दढ़ियल के साथ जा रहे थे तो हार में चरते अन्य जानवरों को देखकर उनकी क्या प्रतिक्रिया हुई ?
उत्तर-
दढ़ियल के साथ जाते हीरा-मोती ने जब खेत में प्रसन्नतापूर्वक चर रहे अन्य जानवरों को देखा तो उन्हें वे जानवर स्वार्थी लगे क्योंकि कसाई के हाथों में उन्हें देखकर भी वे चिंता नहीं कर रहे थे। वे अपनी उछल-कूद और खुशी में डूबे थे।

प्रश्न 19.
झूरी के पास वापस आए बैलों को देखकर बच्चों ने अपनी खुशी किस तरह व्यक्त की?
उत्तर-
झूरी के पास लौटे हीरा-मोती को देखकर बच्चों ने ताली बजाकर उनका स्वागत अभिनंदन किया। वे इन्हें वीरता का प्रशस्ति पत्र देना चाहते थे। बच्चे खुशी-खुशी में भागकर अपने घरों से चूनी, गुड़, चोकर आदि लोकर खिलाने लगे। वे बहुत खुश दिख रहे थे।

प्रश्न 20.
दूसरी बार घर आए हीरा-मोती को देखकर मालकिन की प्रतिक्रिया पहली बार से किस तरह भिन्न थी?
उत्तर-
हीरा-मोती जब पहली बार गया के घर से लौटकर आए थे तो मालकिन ने उन्हें नमकहराम कहा और उनकी खली-चूनी भूसी आदि बंद करवा दिया, पर दूसरी बार हीरा-मोती के घर आने पर मालकिन हर्षित हुई और बैलों के माथे चूम लिए थे।

दीर्घ उत्तरीय प्रश्नोत्तर

प्रश्न 1.
हीरा और मोती अपने मालिक झूरी के साथ किस तरह का भाव रखते थे?
उत्तर-
हीरा और मोती अपने मालिक झूरी के साथ अत्यंत गहरा प्रेम एवं आत्मीय व्यवहार रखते थे। वे अपने मालिक से प्रेम करते हुए उसकी हर बात मानते थे। वे झूरी से अलग नहीं रहना चाहते थे। उनकी इच्छा थी उनका मालिक चाहे जितना काम करा ले पर वह उन्हें अपने से अलग न करे। झूरी ने जब गया के साथ उन्हें भेजा तो वे रस्सी पगहे तुड़ाकर गया के घर से भागकर आ गए। इस समय उनकी आँखों में विद्रोहमयी स्नेह झलक रहा था। हीरा-मोती को भागने का अवसर मिलने पर भी वे अंत में भागकर झूरी के पास आ जाते थे जो उनके असीम लगाव का प्रमाण था।

प्रश्न 2.
“दो बैलों की कथा’ पाठ में लेखक ने ‘सीधेपन’ के संबंध में क्या कहा है? इसके लिए उसने क्या-क्या उदाहरण दिए हैं?
उत्तर-
‘दो बैलों की कथा’ पाठ में लेखक प्रेमचंद ने ‘सीधेपन’ को इस संसार के लिए उचित नहीं बताया है। इसके लिए उसने गधे और बैलों के सीधेपन का उदाहरण देते हुए दर्शाया है कि अपने सीधेपन के लिए गधा मूर्ख के अर्थ में रूढ़ बन गया है तथा बैल को ‘बछिया का ताऊ’ कहा जाने लगा है। इस पाठ में भी हीरा-मोती के सीधेपन के कारण उन पर अत्याचार किया जाता है परंतु उनके सींग चलाते या अत्याचार का विरोध करते ही उन पर किया जाने वाला अत्याचार कम हो जाता है। इसी तरह अपनी सहनशीलता के कारण भारतीय अफ्रीका और अमेरिका में सम्मान नहीं पाते जबकि जापान ने युद्ध में विजय पाते ही दुनियाभर में सम्मान प्राप्त किया।

प्रश्न 3.
हीरा-मोती दो बार झूरी के घर से वापस आए। दोनों बार झूरी की पत्नी की प्रतिक्रिया अलग-अलग क्यों थी? स्पष्ट कीजिए।
उत्तर-
झूरी ने अपने बैलों हीरा और मोती को गया के घर काम के लिए भेजा। हीरा-मोती झूरी से बहुत लगाव रखते थे। वे झूरी को छोड़ कर गया के घर नहीं जाना चाहते थे। गया के साथ वे जैसे-तैसे चले गए पर बेगानापन महसूस होने के कारण वे रात में ही रस्सी पगहे तुड़ाकर चले आए। यह देख झूरी की पत्नी ने उन्हें नमक हराम कहा और उन्हें खली, चूनी-चोकर आदि देना बंद करके सूखा भूसा सामने डाल दिया। दूसरी बार हीरा-मोती कांजीहौस से नीलाम होकर किसी तरह घर पहुँचते हैं तो उनकी दशा देखकर झूरी की पत्नी के मन में उनके प्रति बदलाव आ जाता है। वह बैलों द्वारा सहे कष्ट का अनुमान लगा लिया और उनके माथे चूम लिया। ऐसी प्रतिक्रिया बैलों के द्वारा अपनी स्वतंत्रता के लिए किए गए संघर्ष के कारण थी।

प्रश्न 4.
मोती ने बैलगाड़ी को खाई में गिरा देना चाहा पर हीरा ने सँभाल लिया। इस कथन के आलोक में हीरा की स्वाभाविक विशेषताएँ लिखिए।
उत्तर-
हीरा-मोती गया के साथ नहीं जाना चाहते थे, इसलिए गया उन दोनों को बैलगाड़ी में जोतकर ले जा रहा था। अपना विरोध जताने के लिए मोती बैलगाड़ी को खाई में गिरा देना चाहता था, पर हीरा ने रोक लिया। इससे उसकी इन विशेषताओं का पता चलता है-

  • धैर्यवान-हीरा-मोती की तुलना में अधिक धैर्यवान है। वह किसी समस्या का धैर्यपूर्वक सामना करता है।
  • सहनशील-गया ने जब हीरा की नाक पर डंडे बरसाए तो हीरा सहन कर गया। इसी घटना के लिए मोती ने जब गयों को मार गिराना चाहा तो हीरा ने कहा कि यह हमारी जाति का धर्म नहीं है।
  • अहिंसक विद्रोही-कांजीहौस में मार खाकर भी हीरा शांत नहीं होता। यद्यपि उसे मोटी रस्सियों में बाँध दिया जाता है फिर भी वह कहता है ‘ज़ोर तो मारता ही जाऊँगा चाहे कितने ही बंधन पड़ते जाएँ।’
  • सच्चा मित्र-हीरा मोती के साथ सच्ची मित्रता निभाता है। वह रखवालों के हाथ पड़े मोती को अकेला नहीं छोड़ता है।

प्रश्न 5.
‘मोती के स्वभाव में उग्रता है’–उदाहरण द्वारा स्पष्ट कीजिए।
उत्तर-
मोती का स्वभाव उग्र है। वह अत्याचार एवं शोषण का विरोध करता है। वह अपने ऊपर ही नहीं हीरा पर भी अत्याचार देखकर क्रोधित हो उठता है और अत्याचार का सामना करने के लिए आक्रमण कर देता है। इसके एक नहीं अनेक उदाहरण हैं। गया जब हीरा की नाक पर डंडे बजाता है तो क्रोधित मोती हल जोत, जुआ लेकर भागता है। गया और उसके साथी जब उसे पकड़ने आते हैं तो वह कहता है-”मुझे मारेगा तो मैं भी एक दो गिरा दूंगा।” इसी तरह वह गया का अत्याचार देखकर एकाध को सींगों पर उठाकर फेंक देने की बात कहता है।

वह गिरे हुए शत्रु पर भी दया दिखाने का पक्षधर नहीं है। वह वेदम साँड को मार डालना चाहता है। उसका विचार है कि वैरी को ऐसा मारना चाहिए कि फिर न उठे। यह मोती के स्वभाव की उग्रता है कि दढ़ियल को सींग दिखाकर गाँव के बाहर इस तरह खदेड़ देता है कि वह लौटकर आने का साहस नहीं जुटा पाता है।

प्रश्न 6.
‘संगठन में शक्ति है’-हीरा-मोती ने इसका नमूना किस तरह प्रस्तुत किया?
उत्तर-
यह सर्वविदित है कि संगठन में शक्ति होती है। इसका एक नमूना हीरा-मोती ने अपने से बलशाली साँड को पराजित करके प्रस्तुत किया। गया के घर से भागे हीरा-मोती के सामने रास्ते में विशालकाय, मदमस्त साँड आ गया। हीरा-मोती ने सोच-विचार के बाद अपने से बलशाली शत्रु का मुकाबला करने की योजना बनाई मल्ल युद्ध में माहिर साँड को संगठित शत्रुओं से लड़ने का अनुभव न था। हीरा-मोती ने संगठित होकर साँड से युद्ध किया। एक ने आगे से वार किया तो दूसरे ने पीछे से। साँड जब हीरा को मारने दौड़ता तो मोती उस पर सींग से वार कर देता। वह जब मोती पर वार करता तो हीरा उसके बगल में सींग घुसा देता। इससे साँड जख्मी होकर बेदम हो गया और गिर गया।

प्रश्न 7.
हीरा-मोती स्वभाव से विद्रोही तो हैं पर उनके मन में दयाभाव भी है। इसका प्रमाण हमें कब और कहाँ मिलता है? ‘दो बैलों की कथा’ पाठ के आधार पर स्पष्ट कीजिए।
उत्तर-
हीरा और मोती स्वभाव से विद्रोही हैं। इसी विद्रोह के कारण वे दूसरी बार भी गया के घर से भागते हैं और खेत के रखवालों द्वारा पकड़कर कांजीहौस में बंद कर दिए जाते हैं। कांजीहौस में हीरा-मोती ने देखा कि यहाँ भैसे, घोड़ियाँ, गधे बकरियाँ आदि पहले से बंद हैं। वे चारा न मिलने के कारण मुरदों जैसे जमीन पर पड़े हैं। इन्हें देखकर हीरा-मोती दयार्द्र हो जाते हैं। पहले हीरा ने बाड़े की दीवार गिराना शुरू किया परंतु चौकीदार ने देख लिया और उसे बंधन में डाल दिया। अब मोती ने उग्र रुख अपनाया और दो घंटे के परिश्रम के बाद बाड़ की आधी दीवार गिरा दी। अब उसने सींग मार-मारकर जानवरों को वहाँ से भगा दिया और उनकी जान बचाई। इस प्रकार हीरा-मोती एक ओर जहाँ विद्रोही हैं वहीं दूसरी ओर उनके मन में दयाभाव भी है।

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NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Hindi Chapter 1 वह चिड़िया जो

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NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Hindi Chapter 1 वह चिड़िया जो is part of NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Hindi. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Hindi Chapter 1 वह चिड़िया जो.

Board CBSE
Textbook NCERT
Class Class 6
Subject Hindi
Chapter Chapter 1
Chapter Name वह चिड़िया जो
Number of Questions Solved 25
Category NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Hindi Chapter 1 वह चिड़िया जो

पाठ्यपुस्तक के प्रश्न-अभ्यास

कविता से

प्रश्न 1.
कविता पढ़कर तुम्हारे मन में चिड़िया का जो चित्र उभरता है उस चित्र को कागज़ पर बनाओ।
उत्तर-
कविता पढ़कर हमारे मन में निम्नलिखित चित्र उभरते हैं-

  • वह नीले पंखोंवाली सुंदर चिड़िया है।
  • चिड़िया मधुर स्वर में जंगल में गाती है।
  • वह बहती नदी का पानी पीती है।
  • चिड़िया का आकार छोटा है।
  • उसे आज़ादी बहुत पसंद है।

प्रश्न 2.
तुम्हें कविता का कोई और शीर्षक देना हो तो क्या शीर्षक देना चाहोगे? उपयुक्त शीर्षक सोचकर लिखो।
उत्तर-
‘नन्ही चिड़िया’, ‘सुंदर चिड़िया’ या ‘परिश्रमी चिड़िया’

प्रश्न 3.
इस कविता के आधार पर बताओ कि चिड़िया को किन-किन चीज़ों से प्यार है?
उत्तर-
इस कविता के आधार पर ज्ञात होता है कि चिड़िया को दूध भरे अनाज के दानों, नदी तथा जंगल से प्यार है। चिड़िया जुडी के दाने एवं अन्य अनाज के दानों को खाना पसंद करती है। इस चिड़िया को गीत गाना पसंद है। जंगल से इसे बहुत प्यार है। यह नदी से भी बहुत प्यार करती है।

प्रश्न 4.
आशय स्पष्ट करो
(क) रस उँडेलकर गा लेती है।
(ख) चढ़ी नदी का दिल टटोलकर जल का मोती ले जाती है।
उत्तर-
(क) चिड़िया जंगल में जब अकेली होती है, तब वह बिना किसी डर और संकोच के उन्मुक्त भाव से गाती है। वह मधुर स्वर में गाती है। उसके स्वर की मधुरता वातावरण में रस घोल देती है।

(ख) छोटी चिड़िया चढ़ी हुई नदी से बिलकुल भी नहीं घबराती है। वह उफनती नदी के बीच से अपनी चोंच में पानी की बूंद लेकर उड़ जाती है। यानी लबालब भरी नदी की जलराशि का अनुमान लगाकर उस जलराशि में से जल का मोती निकाल लाती है अर्थात उसी पानी से चिड़िया अपनी प्यास बुझाती है, इसीलिए पानी मोती की तरह अमूल्य है।

अनुमान और कल्पना

प्रश्न 1.
कवि ने नीली चिड़िया का नाम नहीं बताया है। वह कौन सी चिड़िया रही होगी? इस प्रश्न का उत्तर जानने के लिए पक्षी-विज्ञानी सालिम अली की पुस्तक ‘भारतीय पक्षी’ देखो। इनमें ऐसे पक्षी भी शामिल हैं जो जाड़े में एशिया के उत्तरी भाग और अन्य ठंडे देशों से भारत आते हैं। उनकी पुस्तक को देखकर तुम अनुमान लगा सकते हो कि इस कविता में वर्णित नीली चिड़िया शायद इनमें से कोई एक रही होगी-
नीलकंठ
छोटा किलकिला
कबूतर
बड़ा पतरिंगा
उत्तर-
इस कविता में वर्णित नीली चिड़िया शायद नीलकंठ रही होगी, क्योंकि उसके शरीर के ज्यादातर भाग का रंग नीला आकार छोटा तथा आवाज़ मीठी होती है।

प्रश्न 2.
नीचे कुछ पक्षियों के नाम दिए गए हैं। उनमें यदि कोई पक्षी एक से अधिक रंग का है तो लिखो, कि उसके किस हिस्से का रंग कैसा है। जैसे तोते की चोंच लाल है, शरीर हरा है।

  1. मैना
  2. कौआ
  3. बैतखे
  4. कबूतर

उत्तर-

  1. मैना- मैना के पंख भूरे व सफ़ेद रंग के होते हैं। उनकी टाँगें हलकी लाल होती हैं।
  2. कौआ- कौआ का पूरा शरीर काला होता है।
  3. बतख- बतख सफ़ेद रंग का होता है। इसके पैर हल्के गुलाबी रंग के होते हैं।
  4. कबूतर- कबूतर का रंग स्लेटी सफ़ेद होता है। गरदन कुछ-कुछ नीले रंग की होती है। इसकी टाँगे लाल होती हैं।

प्रश्न 3.
कविता का हर बंध ‘वह चिड़िया जो-‘ से शुरू होता है और मुझे बहुत प्यार है’ पर खत्म होता है। तुम भी इन। पंक्तियों का प्रयोग करते हुए अपनी कल्पना से कविता में कुछ नए बंध जोड़ो।
उत्तर-
वह चिड़िया जो
चींची करके
सबका मन बहलाती है।
नील गगन की सीमा पाने
पंख पसारे उड़ जाती है।

अपना घर बनाने के लिए।
घास के तिनके लाती है।
वह परिश्रमी चिड़िया सबको
परिश्रम का पाठ सिखाती है।

प्रश्न 4.
तुम भी ऐसी कल्पना कर सकते हो कि ‘वह फूल का पौधा जो-पीली पंखुड़ियों वाला-महक रहा है, मैं हूँ। उसकी विशेषताएँ मुझ में हैं …। फूल के बदले वह कोई दूसरी चीज़ भी हो सकती है जिसकी विशेषताओं को गिनाते हुए तुम उसी चीज़ से अपनी समानता बता सकते हो … ऐसी कल्पना के आधार पर कुछ पंक्तियाँ लिखो।
उत्तर-
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Hindi Chapter 1 वह चिड़िया जो Q4

भाषा की बात

प्रश्न 1.
पंखोंवाली चिड़िया
नीले पंखोंवाली चिड़िया

ऊपरवाली दराज
सबसे ऊपरवाली दराज़

यहाँ रेखांकित शब्द विशेषण का काम कर रहे हैं। ये शब्द चिड़िया और दराज संज्ञाओं की विशेषताएँ बता रहे हैं, अतः | रेखांकित शब्द विशेषण हैं और चिड़िया, दराज विशेष्य हैं। यहाँ ‘वाला/वाली’ जोड़कर बनने वाले कुछ और विशेषण दिए गए हैं। ऊपर दिए गए उदाहरणों की तरह इनके आगे एक-एक विशेषण और जोड़ो।

……. मोरोंवाला बाग
………….. पेड़ोंवाला घर।
…………… फूलोंवाली क्यारी
…………. स्कूलवाला रास्ता।
…………. हँसनेवाला बच्चा
………… मूंछोंवाला आदमी।
उत्तर-
सुनहरे मोरोंवाला बाग-सुनहरे मोरोंवाली बाग
हरे-भरे पेड़ोंवाला बाग-हरे-भरे पेड़ोंवाला बाग
पीले फूलोंवाली क्यारी-पीले फू लोंवाली क्यारी
महात्मा गांधी स्कूलवाला रास्ता महात्मा गांधी स्कूलवाला रास्ता
अधिक हँसनेवाला बच्चा-अधिक हँसनेवाला बच्चा।
घनी-मूछोंवाला आदमी-घनी मूछोंवाला आदमी

प्रश्न 2.
वह चिड़िया ………….. जुडी के दाने रुचि से …….. खा लेती है।
वह चिड़िया …………… रेस उँडेलकर गा लेती है।

कविता की इन पंक्तियों में मोटे छापे वाले शब्दों को ध्यान से पढ़ो। पहले वाक्य में रुचि से खाने के ढंग की और दूसरे वाक्य में ‘रस उँडेलकर’ गाने के ढंग की विशेषता बता रहे हैं। अतः ये दोनों क्रियाविशेषण हैं। नीचे दिए वाक्यों में कार्य के ढंग या रीति से संबंधित क्रियाविशेषण शब्द छाँटो

  1. सोनाली जल्दी-जल्दी मुँह में लड्डू ठूसने लगी।
  2. गेंद लुढ़कती हुई झाड़ियों में चली गई।
  3. भूकंप के बाद जनजीवन धीरे-धीरे सामान्य होने लगा।
  4. कोई सफ़ेद-सी चीज़ धप्प-से आँगन में गिरी।
  5. टॉमी फुर्ती से चोर पर झपटा।
  6. तेजिंदर सहमकर कोने में बैठ गया।
  7. आज अचानक ठंड बढ़ गई है।

उत्तर-

  1. जल्दी-जल्दी
  2. लुढ़कती हुई।
  3. धीरे-धीरे
  4. धप्प से
  5. फुर्ती से
  6. सहमकर
  7. अचानक

अन्य पाठेतर हल प्रश्न

बहुविकल्पी प्रश्नोत्तर

(क) चिड़िया आनंदपूर्वक क्या खाती है?
(i) दूध भरे गेहूँ के दाने
(ii) दूध भरे मक्का के दाने
(iii) दूध भरे ज्वार के दाने
(iv) दूध भरे धान

(ख) चिड़िया के पंख के रंग कैसे हैं?
(i) लाल
(ii) पीले
(iii) नीले
(iv) काले

(ग) चिड़िया को पसंद है-
(i) फल
(ii) सब्ज़ी
(iii) अनाज़ के दाने
(iv) मिठाई

(घ) चिड़िया किसके लिए गाती है?
(i) नदियों के लिए
(ii) संगीत प्रेमियों के लिए
(iii) जंगल के लिए।
(iv) अपने मित्र के लिए

(ङ) चिड़िया को किन चीज़ों से प्यार है?
(i) नदी से
(ii) जंगल से
(iii) अन्न से
(iv) उपर्युक्त सभी

उत्तर-

(क) (iii)
(ख) (iii)
(ग) (iii)
(घ) (iii)
(ङ) (iv)

अतिलघु उत्तरीय प्रश्न

प्रश्न 1.
चिड़िया के पंख किस रंग के हैं?
उत्तर-
चिड़िया के पंख नीले रंग के हैं।

प्रश्न 2.
चिड़िया कहाँ से मोती ले जाती है?
उत्तर-
चिड़िया नदियों के उफनते जल से मोती ले जाती है।

प्रश्न 3.
चिड़िया किसके दाने खाती है?
उत्तर-
चिड़िया जुडी के दाने खाती है।

प्रश्न 4.
अनाज के दाने किससे भरे हुए हैं?
उत्तर-
अनाज के दाने दूध से भरे हुए हैं।

प्रश्न 5.
चिड़िया का स्वभाव कैसा है?
उत्तर-
चिड़िया का स्वभाव संतोषी है।

लघु उत्तरीय प्रश्न

प्रश्न 1.
कविता के आधार पर चिड़िया के स्वभाव का वर्णन कीजिए।
उत्तर-
इस कविता में नीले पंखोंवाली एक छोटी-सी चिड़िया का वर्णन है। इस चिड़िया का स्वभाव संतोषी है। थोड़े से दाने इसके लिए पर्याप्त हैं। यह मुँह बोली है। यह एकांत में उमंग से गाती है। यह गरबीली भी है। इसे अपने साहस और हिम्मत पर गर्व है।

प्रश्न 2.
चिड़िया किससे प्यार करती है और क्यों?
उत्तर-
इस छोटी चिड़िया को अन्न से प्यार है। यह जुडी के दाने बड़े मन से खाती है। उसे विजन से प्यार है। उसे नदी से भी प्यार है। एकांत जंगल में वह मधुर स्वर में गाती है। वह उफनती नदी की बीच धारा से जल की बूंदें अपनी चोंच में लेकर उड़ जाती है।

प्रश्न 3.
चिड़िया अपना जीवन कैसे व्यतीत करती है?
उत्तर-
चिड़िया अपना जीवन प्रेम, उमंग और संतोष के साथ व्यतीत करती है। वह सबसे प्रेम करती है। एकांत में भी उमंग से रहती है। वह संतोषी है। वह थोड़े में ही संतोष करती है। आजाद होने की वजह से वह मीठे स्वर में गाती है। उसका स्वर बहुत मीठा है। वह गाते और उड़ते हुए अपना पूरा जीवन व्यतीत करती है।

प्रश्न 4.
चिड़िया के गायन की विशेषताएँ लिखिए।
उत्तर-
वह छोटी चिड़िया खुले गले से बहुत ही मीठी आवाज़ में गाती है, उसके गाने वातावरण में रस घोल देते हैं। वह अपने गीत जंगल को समर्पित कर देती है।

प्रश्न 5.
चिड़िया के माध्यम से कवि हमें क्या संदेश देना चाहते हैं?
उत्तर-
कवि चिड़िया के माध्यम से खुशी से जीने का संदेश हमें देते हैं। चिड़िया के माध्यम से हमें सीख मिलती है कि हमें थोड़े में ही संतोष करना चाहिए। इस कविता में अकेले रहकर भी उमंग से जीने का संदेश दिया गया है। इसके साथ ही कवि हमें बताते हैं कि विपरीत परिस्थितियों में भी हमें साहस नहीं खोना चाहिए। हमें अपनी क्षमता को भी पहचानना चाहिए।

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